Toyo Soda Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

Tosoh Corporation

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

Nippon Steel Corporation

Sagami Chemical Research Center

Research Laboratories of Australia Pty Ltd.

Toshihiro Saito

Shoji Arai

Yukihiro Tsutsumi

Yoshiyuki Tanaka

Tsutomu Sasaki

Masahiko Itaya

Hiroyuki Nakagoshi

Tai Hasegawa

Takamasa Fuchikami

Takanori Miyake

Takashi Okada

Yuichiro Ito

Akitaka Hattori

Noriko Wakasa

Hideaki Matsunaga

Kyoko Ishihara

Yoshiaki Kanou

Hiroyuki Sasakibara

Atsushi Fujimura

De-Hua He

Tomohiro Washiyama

Takao Kato

An induction heating cooker includes a housing, an inner pot including a bottom part that includes a first area and a second area, and an inner pot storage part disposed in the housing. The inner pot storage stores the inner pot in a manner that the inner pot can be set or removed. Also, a first heating coil is below the inner pot storage part, arranged in a position facing the first area of the inner pot, that heats the inner pot by induction. Also, a second heating coil is below the inner pot storage part, arranged in a position facing the second area of the inner pot, that heats the inner pot by induction. A driving unit in the housing supplies high frequency currents to the first heating coil and the second heating coil, and a controller controls the driving unit.

Induction heating cooker

Liquid developing method

A liquid developing method and a liquid developing apparatus that use a highly-concentrated liquid developing agent to develop an electrostatic latent image A highly-concentrated liquid developing agent with a viscosity of 100 to 1,000 mPa.s can be used. Therefore, a film of developing agent from 5 to 40 .mu.m thick can be formed on the surface of the developing roller or developing belt (510) and this provides a soft contact with the photosensitive member surface where the electrostatic latent image has been formed. If the surface of the photosensitive member does not have good release properties, a film of pre-wet liquid can be formed on the surface of the photosensitive member (10). A gap which is larger than the thickness of the liquid developing agent film and smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the liquid developing agent film and the pre-wet liquid film is maintained between the surfaces of the photosensitive member and the developing roller or other developing agent bearing member such that the pre-wet liquid is always interposed between the two surfaces. Extremely good copies can be obtained if a 5 to 40 .mu.m thin film of liquid developing agent with a viscosity of 100 to 10,000 mPa.s and containing toner with an average particle size of 1 to 5.0 .mu.m at a concentration of 5 to 40% is used with a 30 .mu.m or less thin film of pre-wet liquid with a viscosity of 0.5 to 5.0 mPa.s and the gap between the photosensitive member and the developing agent roller or other developing agent bearing member is set at 5 to 60 .mu.m.

Liquid developing method and liquid developing apparatus

A process for producing a polymer having sulfonic acid groups is provided which comprises treating a polymer having sulfonate salt groups with a ion-exchange resin to change the sulfonate salt groups into sulfonate acid groups with porous-type strongly acidic cation exchange resin. A process for producing a tertiary alcohol is also provided which comprises hydration of olefin by use of the aforementioned polymer as the catalyst. By the process, a tertiary alcohol is produced by hydration of olefin with high selectivity at low cost.

Process for producing tertiary alcohol and for preparing catalyst

A lactone is prepared by catalytically hydrogenating a dicarboxylic acid having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or a functional derivative thereof in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal selected from the elements of group VIII of the periodic table or a combination of said metal with an element selected from the elements of groups IVa, VIb and VIIb of the peridic table, and further in the co-presence of an alkali metal salt or an alkali metal hydroxide.

Process for preparing lactones

A trans-[hydridocarbonyl tris(triorganic phosphine) rhodium (I)]is produced by reducing a trans-[chlorocarbonyl bis(triorganic phosphine) rhodium (I)]with a tetrahydroborate in the presence of a triorganic phosphine in a solvent by heating, an improvement characterized in that the reduction is carried out in the presence of carbon monoxide or a mixture of more than 50 vol. % of carbon monoxide and an inert gas and the reaction mixture if cooled to O.degree. to 30.degree. C. in an atmosphere of carbon monoxide or a mixture of more than 50 vol. % of carbon monoxide and an inert gas and the crystal is separated. The trans-[hydridocarbonyl tris(triorganic phosphine) rhodium (I)]having high purity is obtained at high yield.

Process for producing catalyst

An organic tri-substituted phosphine having a boiling point of at least 200.degree. C. and a reaction medium having a boiling point of at least 200.degree. C. are used in a hydroformylation of allyl alcohol with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a rhodium complex catalyst. The concentration of the organic phosphine is 5.times.10.sup.-4 to 0.3 mol. per 1 liter of the reaction medium. The reaction medium is distilled at lower than 80.degree. C. under a reduced pressure and the bottom residue as the catalyst solution is recycled. The hydroformylation can be repeated by using the bottom residue as the catalyst solution.

Process for producing hydroxybutyraldehyde

An alcohol is produced from a compound having an alkenyl group by a hydroformylation of said compound having an alkenyl group in a substantially water immiscible solvent in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst which is soluble in said solvent and a hydrogenation of the reaction mixture in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. Water is added at a ratio of 0.5 to 30 times by weight base on an aldehyde produced by said hydroformylation before said hydrogenation, and an organic phase containing the hydroformylation catalyst component is separated from a water phase containing the alcohol produced by said hydrogenation and said organic phase is recycled into said hydroformylation. The compound having an alkenyl group is an aliphatic olefin, a hydroxyolefin, and olefin ether or an olefin ester and the corresponding saturated alcohol having one more carbon atom is produced.

Process for producing alcohols

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Tokyo, Japan

Toshihiro Saito