Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho

Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Nikon Corporation

Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd.

Hamamatsu-photonics K.k.

Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki

Institute of National Colleges of Technology, Japan

Tomoyoshi Motohiro

Yasuhiko Takeda

Tatsuo Fukano

Naohiko Kato

Tatsumi Hioki

Shoji Noda

Hiroshi Ito

Koji Yokota

Tadashi Ichikawa

Yoshihide Watanabe

Yoshiyuki Sakamoto

Akihiro Takeichi

Masahiko Ishii

Hirofumi Kan

Yasunori Taga

Tsuyoshi Nomura

Toshiyuki Kawashima

Toshiyasu Ito

Takeshi Miyazaki

Naoki Nakamura

Yukihisa Ueno

Norihito Takeuchi

Takashi Sekine

Atsuto Okamoto

Yasuya Mita

Hirozumi Azuma

Fumikazu Isogai

Mikio Okamoto

Yoshimi Kizaki

Eiki Niida

Hiroshi Niikura

Yoshitaka Mori

Yoneyoshi Kitagawa

Masahiro Hanazawa

Tadashi Ito

Yasuhiro Ohtsuka

Shigeki Hamaguchi

Hironori Katagiri

Yasushi Miyamoto

An object is to be capable of inducing a nuclear fusion reaction at a relatively high efficiency and downsize a device. A nuclear fusion deviceof the present invention includes a nuclear fusion targetincluding a target substratecontaining deuterium or tritium and a thin-film layercontaining deuterium or tritium stacked on the target substrate, a vacuum containerfor storing the nuclear fusion target, and a laser unitfor irradiating two successive first and second pulsed laser lights P, Ptoward the thin-film layerof the nuclear fusion target, and the intensity of the first pulsed laser light Pis set to a value that is smaller than that of the second pulsed laser light Pand allows peeling of the thin-film layerfrom the target substrate

Neutron generation target, device, and method

The sulfide has the following composition, and the photoelectric element uses the sulfide. (1) The sulfide contains Cu, Zn, and Sn as a principal component. (2) When x is a ratio of Cu/(Zn+Sn), y is a ratio of Zn/Sn (x and y being atomic ratios), and the composition of the sulfide is represented by the (x, y) coordinates, with the points A=(0.78, 1.32), B=(0.86, 1.32), C=(0.86, 1.28), D=(0.90, 1.23), E=(0.90, 1.18), and F=(0.78, 1.28), the composition (x, y) of the sulfide is on any one of respective straight lines connecting the points A&#x2192;B&#x2192;C&#x2192;D&#x2192;E&#x2192;F&#x2192;A in that order, or within an area enclosed by the respective straight lines.

Sulfide and photoelectric element

An antenna device is provided with a first connecting electrode, a first tunnel diode, a first antenna member and a fixed electrode. The first connecting electrode is configured to be connected to a fixed potential via a load. The first tunnel diode has a pair of electrodes. One of the electrodes of the first tunnel diode is connected to the first connecting electrode, and the other electrode of the first tunnel diode is connected to the first antenna member. The first antenna member has a conductive property and includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the first antenna member is connected to the other electrode of the first tunnel diode. The fixed electrode is connected to the second portion of the first antenna member. The fixed electrode is configured to be connected to the fixed potential.

Antenna devices

The present invention is a method of manufacturing a quantum dot array having a plurality of columnar parts including a quantum dot on a substrate, the method comprising the steps of obliquely vapor-depositing a material constituting a first barrier layer to become an energy barrier against the quantum dot onto a surface of the substrate, so as to form a plurality of first barrier layers; obliquely vapor-depositing a material constituting the quantum dot with respect to the surface of the substrate, so as to form the quantum dots on the first barrier layers; and obliquely vapor-depositing a material constituting a second barrier layer to become an energy barrier against the quantum dot with respect to the surface of the substrate, so as to form the second barrier layers on the quantum dots.

Quantum dot array and production method therefor, and dot array element and production method therefor

A light guiding plate guides light from a light source to illuminate a liquid crystal cell. A reflector reflects light from the light source. A first surface and a second surface selectively transmits or reflects light. A first region is formed on the first surface at a location that is relatively near the light source. The first region includes a first inclined face and a second inclined face. The first inclined face reflects light from the light source to guide light to the reflector. The second inclined face reflects light from the light source to the second surface so that the second surface emits light. A second region is formed on the first surface at a location that is relatively far from the light source. The second region includes a third inclined face and a fourth inclined face. The third inclined face reflects light from the light source to the second surface so that the second surface emits light. The fourth inclined face reflects light reflected by the reflector to the second surface so that the second surface emits light.

Light guiding plate

A recording medium includes a first substance and a second substance at least in which the first and second substances undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction when an external energy is applied, thereby recording information by varying the optical characteristics. In the recording medium, the reaction of the first and second substances is suppressed, reaction which degrades the recording characteristics other than the case where the recording medium is subjected to recording. In an optical disk (i.e., the recording medium), a WO film (i.e., a second substance), a C film (i.e., a third substance) and an Sn-10 atomic % Sr film (i.e., a first substance) are formed successively on a substrate . When the recording medium is irradiated with a recording laser beam as an external energy, the WO forming the film is reduced to WO , and the Sn-10 atomic % Sr forming the film is oxidized to SrO and/or SnO mainly with the WO and the Sn-10 atomic % Sr passing through the C film and/or destroying the C film . When the recording medium is not irradiated with the recording laser beam, the presence of the C film suppresses the reaction between the WO film and the Sn-10 atomic % Sr film

Memory member

In an optical disk which includes a recording film having a laminated construction, and which records information by changing optical characteristics of the recording film by applying a laser beam, there are laminatedly formed a WO film as a second layer, the WO requiring energy by about 470 kJ when it dissociates 1 mol of oxygen molecules, an Sn&mdash;43 atomic % Bi film which includes Sn as a first layer, the Sn generating energy by about 610 kJ when it bonds with 1 mol of oxygen molecules and having a melting point of about 139&deg; C., and a resin film in this order on a guide groove forming surface of a substrate When a recording laser beam is applied, a part of Sn&mdash;43 atomic % Bi film is turned into a liquid phase, both of the films and react, and the optical characteristics of the recording film vary so that information is recorded. As a result, the retention characteristic of the recorded data is secured, and the reactivity of the recording film is enhanced.

Storage member

A recording medium which includes a first substance and a second substance, wherein an external energy is applied to at least one of the first and second substances to react them in order to change the optical characteristics of the substances for recording information, the recording medium including: a first layer composed of a first substance including at least one of S and Se, a second layer composed of a second substance including a metal, and a barrier layer being disposed between the first and second layers, which allows the reaction between the first and second layers when laser beam for recording is irradiated as an external energy, and suppresses the reaction between the first and second layers when laser beam for recording is not irradiated. Alternatively, the recording medium can be free from the barrier layer, and the second substance can be arranged to have two or more compositionally different portions or two or more phases with a different crystalline state. Thus, when the external energy is not applied, the reaction between the first substance and the second substance is suppressed. Hence, the recording characteristics of the recording medium is inhibited from degrading.

Recording medium

A recording medium is for recording information by varying optical characteristic thereof by application of an external energy thereto, and includes a first substance and a second substance. When the external energy is applied to the recording medium, the first and second substances react with each other to form a third substance having a tungsten-bronze crystalline structure, thereby varying the optical characteristic. The third substance absorbs the external energy and varies the reflectivity of the external energy. Thus, the recording medium records information thereon. The recording medium is good in environmental resistance and information retention, because the third substance is stable energetically.

Disclosed herein is a method and sensor for easily detecting the thermal history (or the change in state by heat) of a specimen. The sensor is made up of a pair of electrodes 1, 1, a diffusion layer 2 of insulating material disposed between the electrodes, and an electrically conductive metal 3. The electrodes are electrically isolated from each other in the beginning. As the sensor experiences heat history, the electrically conductive metal diffuses into the diffusion layer 2, thereby changing the resistance of the diffusion layer. When in use, the sensor is placed in or near the atmosphere to which the specimen is exposed. In response to the change of the specimen by heat, the electrically conductive metal 3 diffuses into the diffusion layer 2 to such an extent that the electrical resistance across the electrodes extremely decreases after a certain period of time. Thus it is possible to detect the deterioration or life of the specimen by monitoring the change in electrical resistance of the sensor.

Method and sensor for detecting thermal history

By providing a normally deposited layer as a buffer layer between a substrate and an obliquely deposited layer, it is possible to prevent contaminants on the substrate from diffusing into the obliquely deposited layer. Also, by providing a normally deposited layer as a passivation layer on the uppermost obliquely deposited layer, absorption of water vapor in the air by the obliquely deposited layer is prevented. Further, by forming a laminated object comprising obliquely deposited layers and dense normally deposited layers, strength of each obliquely deposited layer itself is increased and relaxation of its columnar structure can be suppressed with certainty because both the diffusion of contaminants from the substrate and the absorption of water in the air is prevented. Thus, by removing factors to accelerate the relaxation of columnar structure in the obliquely deposited layer, clouding of the obliquely deposited film layer can be prevented.

Obliquely deposited film element

A device for stabilizing a modulation operation of an optical modulator is provided, the optical modulator having an optical waveguide provided on a substrate and an electrode provided so as to correspond to the optical waveguide, modulating light inputted to the optical waveguide by a voltage corresponding to a physical amount to be measured which is inputted to the electrode, and outputting the modulated light. The device includes: an optical detecting device for outputting signal corresponding to intensity of light outputted from the optical modulator; a control signal outputting device for, on the basis of the output signal of the optical detecting device, outputting a control signal which compensates a phase bias fluctuation of the optical modulator; a light source device for outputting control light corresponding to the control signal; and a voltage applying device, provided in contact with the electrode of the optical modulator, for applying voltage corresponding to the control light to the electrode. Accordingly, the light source device illuminates to the voltage applying device a control light corresponding to a driving signal which negatively feeds back a phase bias fluctuation signal. In this way, the voltage applying device applies a voltage which is set so as to offset variation in phase bias fluctuation in accordance with bias fluctuation, and the phase bias fluctuation is offset.

Stabilizing device for optical modulator

A method and device of readily detecting deterioration of a sample at low cost, which do not require any maintenance and monitoring of the sensor properties, and accordingly can decrease a load assigned to a system side. A conductive sensor having a pair of electrodes and a conductive film which is disposed between the pair of electrodes and is composed of a conductive material formed in a continuous region so as to connect the pair of electrodes at least electrically in its initial state is placed in an atmosphere where the sample is placed. The percolation transition of the conductive material of the conductive film occurs due to the grain growth thereof, accompanied by the deterioration of the inorganic material composing the sample due to the grain growth thereof. By monitoring the variation in electric resistance of the conductive sensor due to the percolation transition of the conductive material, the deterioration of the sample can be detected.

Method and device of detecting a deterioration

An optical-optical modulator (10) has a substrate (1) made of Zcut-LiNbO.sub.3 and a Ti-diffused waveguide (2) thereon. The waveguide (2) is separated into two branches which merge later into one again and constitute the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. A pair of electrodes (3a, 3b) for phase modulation is formed on a modulation part (A) which is in the middle of the waveguide (2). A CdS.sub.x Te.sub.1-x photoelectric conversion film (6) is formed directly contacting the pair of electrodes (3a, 3b). The photoelectric film (6) is manufactured by oblique vapor deposition utilizing CdS and CdTe as two vapor deposition sources. When the photoelectric conversion film 6 receives a control light (Lc), the film (6) generates voltage. The generated voltage is applied to the pair of electrodes (3a, 3b) and becomes a modulation signal of the carrier light (La).

Optical-optical modulators

An anisotropic nanophase composite material and a method of producing same. The composite material comprises a nanophase composite structure containing a multiplicity of particulates of at least one material. The particulates of one material are spaced from each other three-dimensionally and anisotropically oriented in a given direction. The particulates have an average thickness of 1 to 10 nanometers and an average length of not less than 10 nanometers, the length being larger than the thickness. Since the particulates of dimensions on the order of nanometers are oriented only in a given direction, the composite material produces an intensified nonlinear optical effect and is excellent in polarizing characteristics, birefringent characteristics, or photovoltaic characteristics.

Anisotropic nanophase composite material and method of producing same

Growing community of inventors

Aichi, Japan

Tomoyoshi Motohiro