Hitachi-high-technologies Corporation

Pioneer Electronic Corporation

Tomonori Suzuki

Yoichi Ose

Takashi Onishi

Kuniyasu Nakamura

Shun-ichi Watanabe

Nobuo Uee

Masaru Moriyama

Fujinori Ozawa

Ryuji Kikuchi

The objective of the present application is to suppress the occurrence of flares and to reduce the amount of secondary electrons arising at an aperture provided to the lead-out electrode of an electron gun. By coating a thin film having a low rate of secondary electron emission such as carbon onto the aperture of a lead-out electrode closest to an electron source in an electron gun, it is possible to reduce the amount of secondary electrons arising. Secondary electrons arising at the lead-out electrode, are reduced, and so as a result, flare is reduced. By incorporating two apertures to the lead-out electrode, and applying to the two apertures a potential that is equipotential to the lead-out electrode, it is possible to eliminate an electric field from seeping from under to over the lead-out electrode. Secondary electrons arising when an electron beam impacts the lead-out electrode cease to incur force in the direction of passage from the lead-out electrode, and consequently there is a reduction in flares.

Electron gun and charged particle beam device having an aperture with flare-suppressing coating

A method and apparatus for detecting timing pulses for descrambling a scrambled television signal, wherein a video IF signal and a sound IF signal are separated from a scrambled television IF signal by utilizing different filters, a local video carrier wave synchronized with the separated video IF signal is generated and is mixed with the separated sound IF signal for producing a beat signal, the timing pulses are detected by demodulating the main sound IF signal, and then descrambling the received scrambled television IF signal by stretching horizontal synchronizing intervals in accordance with stretch data obtained by decoding compression data contained the detected timing pulses, whereby the main sound IF signal is separated from the beat signal by attenuating the auxiliary sound IF signal with a bandpass filter.

Method and apparatus for detecting timing pulses for scrambled

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Tokyo, Japan

Tomonori Suzuki