Shimadzu Corporation

Tomomi Tamura

Osamu Furuhashi

Kiyoshi Ogawa

Sadamu Tomita

Akihiro Miyaoka

Takumi Kobayashi

Hiroki Maeda

Hidenobu Ishida

Hideo Eda

A mass spectrometer, includes: a sampling probe that irradiates a specimen disposed in the atmosphere with an electron and obtains a sample separated from the specimen; and a measurement unit that performs mass spectrometry of the sample obtained by the sampling probe, wherein the sampling probe comprises: a casing having an opening which is opened to the atmosphere and an outlet through which the sample is discharged to the measurement unit; and a surface emission type electron emission element housed in the casing such that an electron emission surface thereof opposes to the opening.

Mass spectrometer, sampling probe, and analysis method

An object of the invention is to provide an X-ray generator having a simple configuration where heat generated in the irradiation window can be prevented from conducting to a desired portion in accordance with the purpose of use, the method of use or the structure of the X-ray tube. In an X-ray generator for releasing X-rays generated by irradiating a target placed in a vacuumed atmosphere within an X-ray tube with an electron beam from an electron source through an irradiation window of the X-ray tube, the irradiation window has thermal anisotropy where the thermal conductivity is different between the direction in which the irradiation window spreads and the direction of the thickness of the irradiation window, and therefore, the thermal conductivity in the direction in which the heat from the irradiation window is desired not to conduct is made relatively smaller.

X-ray generator

According to the X-ray generating apparatus of this invention, a potential corresponding to that of a housing is applied to a first electrode, closest to a cathode, of at least two intermediate electrodes arranged between the cathode and a target. Therefore, even if the first electrode with an increased thermal capacity contacts the housing, the function of the X-ray generating apparatus will never be impaired. As a result, the first electrode is not easily restricted by structure, so that the first electrode may be enlarged as a measure for heat radiation, or that the first electrode may be placed in contact with the housing. The first electrode contacting the housing determines a positional relationship of the electron gun and housing to facilitate assembly of the X-ray generating apparatus. Further, all the potentials of the cathode, intermediate electrodes (e.g. a second electrode and a third electrode) and target will have straight polarity with respect to the potential of the first electrode, which facilitates power source control.

X-ray generating apparatus

An X-ray generator includes an electron source generating an electron beam, a target generating an X-ray by a collision of the electron beam and extending in a direction orthogonal to the electron beam, and a cylindrical electrode covering a collision portion of the target to which the electron beam collides and having a bore allowing the electron beam to pass through. The electron source and the target are arranged in such a way that the X-ray is radiated in the direction orthogonal to an optical axis of the electron beam. A depression equivalent to a notch of the target is provided in a collision face side of the electron beam on the target and also in a reverse location of a tip of the target located on an outgoing radiation side of the X-ray relative to a collision location of the electron beam on the target.

Disclosed herein is an optical organism measuring apparatus in which cables provided on both light transmission and receiving sides are sufficiently reduced in diameter and provided with flexibility for attaining handleability while light can be transmitted and received in high efficiency so that information can be obtained from a deep portion in an organism. Semiconductor lasers (2-1, 2-2, 2-3) are coupled with incident ends of a plurality of single core optical fibers which are contained in a flexible probe (12), so that laser light guided by the single core optical fibers is applied to an organism (8) from a forward end portion of the probe (12). A light receiving probe (18) is provided on its forward end with a silicon photodiode (14), which is attached in close contact to the organism (8) to receive light transmitted through or reflected by the organism (8). This silicon photodiode (14) is integrated with a preamplifier (16). A cable for transmitting a detection signal which is amplified by the preamplifier (16) is formed by a flexible shielding wire.

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Kyoto, Japan

Tomomi Tamura