Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.

Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd.

Tomohiro Sugimoto

Masato Kashimura

Takaaki Ishii

Toshifumi Asaka

Tomoaki Miura

Tetsuya Tanikawa

Kenichi Kanemoto

Kanako Yamamoto

Jun Kurosaka

Akiko Matsuura

Naoki Sasamoto

Eiki Shitara

Haruhisa Ogita

Kou Kumura

Ken Chikauchi

Tomohiro Ozawa

Satoshi Yoshida

Masato Hayashi

Keiichi Ajito

Keiji Tamura

Dai Kubota

Madoka Kawamura

Yasunobu Ushiki

Akira Manaka

An acquiring apparatus includes a first light source, a measurement optical system, an image sensor, an adjusting unit, an interferometer, and a calculating unit configured to calculate a distance between adjacent target surfaces among the plurality of target surfaces based on an interference signal. The index surface, a surface containing the first point, a surface containing the second point, and the light receiving surface have a conjugate relationship with each other with respect to the measurement optical system.

Acquiring apparatus, acquiring method, and optical system manufacturing method

A wavefront sensor includes a splitting element configured to split an incident light beam into a plurality of light beams, an image sensor configured to receive the plurality of light beams, and a processing unit configured to calculate a wavefront of the incident light beam based on an intensity distribution of the plurality of light beams received by the image sensor. The splitting element is either in direct contact with the image sensor or in contact with the image sensor via a plate glass. In the calculation of the wavefront, the processing unit corrects a relative positional deviation between the splitting element and the image sensor by calculating a rotation about a rotation axis.

Sensor and measurement apparatus for wavefront of light from optical element, and method of manufacturing optical element and optical system

A test unit is formed by sandwiching a test lens by a first reference lens whose shape and refractive index are known, a second reference lens whose shape and refractive index are known, and a medium. A wavefront of light transmitted through the test unit is measured, and, by using the shape and the refractive index of the first reference lens, the shape and refractive index of the second reference lens, and the measured wavefront of the test unit, the refractive index distribution of the test lens is calculated.

Refractive index distribution measuring method, refractive index distribution measuring apparatus, and optical element manufacturing method

A refractive index distribution measuring method includes dividing light emitted from a light source into reference light and test light, causing the reference light to interfere with the test light, which test light has passed through a test object, measuring a phase difference between the reference light and the test light for each of first and second wavelengths, and measuring a wavefront aberration of the test light for each of the first and second wavelengths. The refractive index distribution measuring method further includes calculating a phase-difference difference amount, which is a difference between the phase differences for the first wavelength and the second wavelength, calculating a wavefront aberration difference amount, which is a difference between the wavefront aberrations for the first wavelength and the second wavelength, and calculating a refractive index distribution of the test object based on the phase-difference difference amount and the wavefront aberration difference amount.

Refractive index distribution measuring method, refractive index distribution measuring apparatus, and method for manufacturing optical element

A method of measuring a refractive index distribution includes steps of setting a plurality of different arrangements by a translation movement in a state where an object is arranged in first and second media having refractive indices different from a refractive index of the object, measuring transmissive wavefront of the object for each of media and each of the plurality of arrangements by reference light entering the object (S), obtaining wavefront aberration corresponding to a difference between each transmissive wavefront and a reference transmissive wavefront (S), obtaining refractive index distribution of the object by removing an influence of a shape error of the object using wavefront aberration of two media in which the object is arranged at the same position (S), and obtaining refractive index distribution information of the object based on a plurality of refractive index distributions corresponding to the plurality of arrangements (S).

Method of measuring refractive index distribution, method of manufacturing optical element, and measurement apparatus of refractive index distribution

A macrolide compound represented by the formula (I) effective against erythromycin resistant bacteria (for example, resistant pneumococci, streptococci and mycoplasmas). 

C-4&#x2033; position substituted macrolide derivative

A measuring method includes measuring a sum of an optical path length of a test object and a first medium in a first container, introducing light into an area that includes the first medium but does not include the test object and measuring the optical path length of the first medium, measuring a sum of the optical path length of the test object and a second medium in a second container, the second medium having a refractive index different from that of the first medium, introducing the light into an area that includes the second medium but does not include the test object and of measuring the optical path length of the second medium, and calculating a refractive index of the test object based on the measured optical path lengths and an actual distance of an optical path for which each optical path length is measured.

Measuring method of refractive index and measuring apparatus of refractive index

A method includes measuring a transmitted wavefront of a test object by introducing reference light into the test object arranged in a medium having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the test object, and calculating a refractive index distribution of the test object by using a measurement result of the transmitted wavefront. The measuring step measures a first transmitted wavefront for a first wavelength and a second transmitted wavefront for a second wavelength different from the first wavelength. The calculating step calculates the refractive index distribution of the test object by removing a shape component of the test object utilizing measurement results of the first and the second transmitted wavefront, and a transmitted wavefront of a reference object arranged in the medium for each of the first and second wavelengths. The reference object has the same shape as the test object and a specific refractive index distribution.

Refractive index distribution measuring method and refractive index distribution measuring apparatus

The method includes first and second steps of placing an object in first and second media whose refractive indices are lower than that of the object, and of causing the reference light to enter the object to measure first and second transmitted wavefronts. When light rays entering a peripheral portion of the object and passing through a same point of the object are defined as first and second light rays, the method causes these light rays to proceed in directions mutually different to change an NA of the reference light such that the reference light after being transmitted through the object is brought closer to collimated light than that before entering the object. The method calculates an effective thickness of the object using geometric thicknesses thereof and calculates a refractive index distribution thereof using the first and second transmitted wavefronts and the effective thickness.

A 10-azalide compound having a 4-membered ring structure crosslinked at the 10- and 12-positions, which is represented by the formula (I), and is effective on even, or erythromycin resistant bacteria (e.g., resistant pneunococci and streptococci). 

10a-azalide compound having 4-membered ring structure

A novel 10a-azalide compound crosslinked at the 10a- and 12-positions, which is represented by the following formula, and is effective on even, or erythromycin resistant bacteria (e.g., resistant pneumococci and streptococci). 

10a-Azalide compound crosslinked at 10a- and 12-positions

[Object]: To provide a compound having a novel structure effective againstand erythromycin resistant bacteria (for example, resistant pneumococci and streptococci) as well as against conventional erythromycin sensitive bacteria. [Solution]: A novel 10a-azalide compound represented by the formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a solvate thereof, or an intermediate for the preparation of the same. The compound of the present invention has superior antibacterial activity against, erythromycin resistant pneumococci and the like, and therefore, the compound can be used as a therapeutic agent of infectious diseases.

Growing community of inventors

Saitama, Japan

Tomohiro Sugimoto