North American Refractories Company

American Iron and Steel Institute

Tomas Richter

Regis M Perich

John Skok

John E Shoff

A molten steel pouring nozzle having a bore therethrough, at least a portion of the nozzle forming the bore being comprised of a refractory having calcium zirconate: from 20 to 75 weight %, graphite: from 5 to 30 weight %, and calcium silicide: from 0.5 to 15 weight %.

Refractory composition for the prevention of alumina clogging

An electromagnetic valve for controlling the flow of molten, magnetic material is provided, which comprises an induction coil for generating a magnetic field in response to an applied alternating electrical current, a housing, and a refractory composite nozzle. The nozzle is comprised of an inner sleeve composed of an erosion resistant refractory material (e.g., a zirconia ceramic) through which molten, magnetic metal flows, a refractory outer shell, and an intermediate compressible refractory material, e.g., unset, high alumina, thermosetting mortar. The compressible refractory material is sandwiched between the inner sleeve and outer shell, and absorbs differential expansion stresses that develop within the nozzle due to extreme thermal gradients. The sandwiched layer of compressible refractory material prevents destructive cracks from developing in the refractory outer shell.

Electromagnetic valve for controlling the flow of molten, magnetic

This invention relates a refractory gas purging device for the introduction of gases through a metallurgical vessel to molten metal therein, the device having improved wear indication, safety, and performance. In particular, the refractory gas purging device has a porous refractory inner wear indicator which indicates the end of the useful life of the device. Further, the refractory gas purging device has directional gas passages which do not extend throughout the entire length of the device to prevent molten metal leaks from the metallurgical vessel and such directional gas passages being designed to improve the performance of the device.

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State College, PA, United States of America

Tomas Richter