Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho

Kabushiki Kaisha Tokai Rika Denki Seisakusho

Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota

Chuo Kenkyusho

Tohru Arai

Hironori Fujita

Yoshihiko Sugimoto

Junji Endo

Noboru Komatsu

Hiromasa Takeda

Hideo Tachikawa

Yukio Ohta

Shigeo Moriyama

Akira Sato

Kazuyuki Oguri

Hatsuhiko Oikawa

Kazuyuki Nakanishi

Yasuo Takada

Takatoshi Suzuki

Hinonori Fujita

Jiro Mizuno

Hisashi Shimada

A nitride or carbonitride layer is formed on the surface of a metal material as follows: A treating agent composed of a refractory powder of alumina or the like and a powder of a metal for forming a nitride or a carbide or an alloy thereof is disposed in a fluidized bed furnace; the treating agent is fluidized to form a fluidized bed by introducing an inert gas; the fluidized bed furnace is heated to a temperature of not higher than 700.degree. C.; an activator of a halogenated ammonium salt is intermittently supplied into the fluidized bed at a rate of 0.001 to 5 wt %/hour based on the total amount of the treating agent; and the metal material to be treated is disposed in the fluidized bed during or after any of the above steps. For example, a nitride layer composed of only a metal for forming a nitride which contains almost no Fe--N is formed on the surface of iron steel even at a temperature as low as not higher than 700.degree. C. The layer is very hard and efficient in wear resistance, and the toughness of the base metal is hardly lowered.

Method of forming a nitride or carbonitride layer

A hard and lubricant thin film of amorphous carbon-hydrogen-silicon and a process of producing the same. The thin film comprises carbon and hydrogen as major components, the balance mainly containing a silicon-based material, and it contains diamond-like carbon. The content of hydrogen is from 30 to 50% by atomic and the content of carbon is 70% by atomic or more with respect to the total composition except hydrogen. An iron-based metallic material having the thin film of amorphous carbon-hydrogen-silicon formed thereon and a process for producing the same are also provided. The iron-based matallic material is very hard and has a small coefficient of friction.

Hard and lubricant thin film of iron base metallic material coated with

A process for ion nitriding aluminum material which comprises the steps of placing an object of aluminum or aluminum alloy for treatment in a closed vessel; evacuating residual oxygen gas from said closed vessel; charging said closed vessel with a heating gas and inducing discharges in said closed vessel, thereby heating the surface of the object for treatment to a prescribed nitriding temperature; charging said closed vessel with a surface-roughening gas composed of a rare gas and 5-2000 ppm of a gas containing at least one element of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon, and roughening the surface of the object for treatment by means of glow discharges or ion beams in the atmosphere of said surface roughening gas; and charging said closed vessel with a nitriding gas and simultaneously inducing glow discharges in said closed vessel, thereby forming a nitride layer on the surface of the object for treatment.

Process for ion nitriding aluminum material

A method of forming a nitride or carbonitride layer on the surface of an iron or iron alloy article, which comprises the steps of: (a) disposing in a fluidized bed furnace a treating agent comprising a refractory powder, a metal powder of at least one selected from the group consisting of chromium, vanadium, titanium and a metal containing at least one of the chromium, vanadium and titanium, and a halide powder; (b) introducing a nitrogen-containing gas into the fluidizied bed furnace; (c) heating the fluidized bed furnace; and (d) disposing the article in the fluidized bed furnace during or after the steps (a) to (c). In this method, the article is preferably treated at a temperature not higher than 650.degree. C. The step (c) may precede the step (b). The halide powder may be supplied to the fluidized bed furnace from outside in the form of green compact or a gas.

Fluidized bed method of forming a nitride or carbonitride layer

A method of forming a surface layer of carbide, nitride, carbonitride, or solid-solution on the surface of a material to be treated, which comprises disposing in a fluidized bed furnace a treating agent comprising a powder of a refractory material, and a powder of a metal for forming a carbide, nitride, carbonitride or solid-solution or a powder of an alloy thereof, introducing a fluidizing gas into the fluidized bed furnace to fluidize the treating agent and form a fluidized layer, disposing the material to be treated in the fluidized layer, and introducing a predetermined amount of halide into the fluidized layer, and an apparatus for forming the surface layer on the material to be treated, comprising a furnace body for forming the surface layer in the fluidized layer of the treating agent, a heating furnace for heating the fluidized layer, a halide supply pipe in communication with the outside of the furnace body, and a halide gas jetting pipe disposed within the furnace body, which is connected to the halide supply pipe and has a plurality of apertures opened into the fluidized layer.

Method of surface treatment and apparatus used therefor

A surface layer which is composed of the carbonitride of at least one of vanadium and chromium is formed on an article made of iron or an iron alloy if the article, a material containing at least one of vanadium and chromium and a treating agent are heated together. The treating agent may be composed of at least one of the cyanides and cyanates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. The layer adhering closely to the article can be formed efficiently at a temperature which is so low that virtually no thermal strain may develop in the article.

Method for the surface treatment of an iron or iron alloy article

A surface layer which is composed of the carbonitride of molybdenum is formed on an article made of iron or an iron alloy by heating the article in the presence of a material containing molybdenum and a treating agent. The treating agent may be composed of at least one of the cyandides and cyanates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. The layer adhering closely to the article can be formed efficiently at a temperature which is so low that virtually no thermal strain may develop in the article.

A method for forming a layer of a carbide or nitride of a metallic element or boron nitride on the surface of a ceramics article. A molten salt bath is prepared by heating and melting a bath agent composed of boron oxide and/or borate, and at least one metallic element selected from Group IVa, Va, VIa elements, etc. An article to be treated which is made of silicon nitride, silicon carbide or sialon is immersed in the salt bath. This method provides a ceramics product with a uniform surface layer having superior frictional and electrical properties.

Method for surface treatment

Surface treating method and apparatus

A method and a bath agent for forming a carbide or diffusion layer on the surface of an article to be treated by immersing the article in a molten salt bath. The salt bath comprises borax, at least one oxide of a surface layer forming element (SFE) selected from the group consisting of an oxide of a Va-Group element of the Periodic Table and an oxide of chromium, and aluminum. The amounts of the SFE-oxide and of aluminum to the whole amount of the bath are 9.5 to 21.5 wt% and 4 to 7.5 wt%, respectively. The treating method provides the extended life of the bath, the facilitation of washing off the bath agent adhered to the treated article, etc.

Method for surface treatment and treating material therefor

Method of treating the surface of iron alloy materials

A method of forming a layer of the carbide of titanium, vanadium, etc. on the surface of an article containing carbon by employing a fluidized bed furnace. The formation of the layer is effected by disposing in the furnace a coating agent prepared from a refractory powder, a carbide forming powder composed of at least one carbide forming metal or alloy and a halide powder, and the article, and introducing a fluidizing gas into the furnace under heat to fluidize the agent. This method enables the safe and rapid formation of a carbide layer having a uniform thickness and smooth surface.

Method of forming a carbide layer

A process for ion nitriding aluminum or an aluminum alloy as an article to be treated, in which: the article is disposed in a sealed vessel; the oxygen gas in the vessel is removed; the surface of the article is heated to a prescribed nitriding temperature; the surface of the article is activated to facilitate the formation of an aluminum nitride layer by the subsequent nitriding treatment; and thereafter the article is subjected to ion nitriding, thereby forming an aluminum nitride layer having excellent wear resistance and high hardness. This ion nitriding treatment for aluminum material can be carried out even at temperatures lower than a solution treatment temperature of aluminum material.

Process for ion nitriding aluminum or aluminum alloys

A method of forming a layer of a nitride or carbonitride of titanium, vanadium or the like on the surface of an article to be treated includes: disposing a treating material composed of refractory powder, powder of a metal or alloy of a nitride forming element and a halide power, and the article to be treated in a fluidized bed furnace; and introducing a nitrogen-containing gas into the furnace under a heated condition to fluidize the treating material, thereby effecting the surface treatment. This method provides a nitride or carbonitride layer having a smooth surface and a uniform thickness rapidly and safely without using hydrogen and a halogen vapor.

Method of forming a nitride layer

An apparatus for physical vapor deposition comprising a vacuum casing one end of which is open; a sealing member provided at the opening of the casing; an electrode for physical vapor deposition, such as a target electrode or an electrode for heating evaporation, which is provided in the casing; and an exhaust hole for exhausting gases in the casing, which is provided at a predetermined wall portion of the casing. The apparatus may also be provided with a gas introducing hole and a bias electrode. The casing is integrally fitted to a body to be treated at the opening end portion thereof by means of the sealing member to form a vacuum chamber therein. This apparatus is compact and enables the surface treatment of a large or immovable body without moving the body.

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Aichi, Japan

Tohru Arai