Phillips Petroleum Company

Tod K Shioyama

John S Roberts

Simon G Kukes

Semyon G Kukes

Naim A Mumallah

Paul S Hudson

Jim J Straw

Robert A Little

Oxa-organic sulfur compounds, methods of preparing such compounds and methods of using the compounds as polymer chain length terminating agents are provided. The compounds are prepared by reacting allyl alcohol in the presence of a basic catalyst with a compound having the formula ##STR1## to form an intermediate. The intermediate is then reacted with hydrogen sulfide in the presence of ultraviolet radiation and a trialkyl phosphite to form the oxa-organic sulfur compound having the formula ##STR2##

Oxa-organic sulfur compounds, their preparation and use

Oxa-organic sulfur compounds, methods of preparing such compounds and methods of using the compounds as polymer chain length terminating agents are provided. The compounds are preparated by reacting allyl alcohol in the presence of a basic catalyst with a compound having the formula ##STR1## to form an intermediate. The intermediate is then reacted with hydrogen sulfide in the presence of ultraviolet radiation and a trialkyl phosphite to form the oxa-organic sulfur compound having the formula ##STR2##

A sulfate-free clear green solution of chromium(III) propionate is prepared by mixing aqueous propionic acid containing up to 55 weight percent propionic acid with a chromium(VI) oxidant, such as a dichromate or chromate, and a sulfur-containing reductant, such as a bisulfite, which on reacting yields two phases: a lower sulfate-containing phase for discard or recycle and an upper phase solution of sulfate-free clear green propionate-sequestered chromium(III), the latter phase being stabilized with additional acid. The upper phase solution is useful for crosslinking polymeric viscosifiers such as partially hydrolyzed acrylamide-based polymers and the like in permeability contrast corrections in enhanced oil recovery operations.

Permeability contrast correction employing a sulfate-free

A process for preparing clear green chromium(III) propionate solutions which comprises admixing such as propionic acid with water, a chromium(VI) source such as dichromate, adding thereto a nitrite, such as sodium nitrite, to reduce the chromium(VI) to chromium(III), in the presence of excess acid, preferably propionic acid, optionally combined with additional acid such as muriatic acid, to produce a stable solution useful with polymers, such as partially hydrolyzed acrylamide-based polymers, in permeability contrast correction procedures for high permeability streaks in oil field treatments.

Permeability contrast correction employing propionate-sequestered

A process for preparing a stable aqueous solution of aluminum citrate comprising adding citric acid or sodium citrate gradually to an agitated aqueous solution of sodium aluminate under an atmosphere substantially free of carbon dioxide.

Process for producing aluminum citrate solutions

A Pd/heteropolyacid/boric acid catalyst system, when used with proper diluents, improves the oxidation of olefins to ketones, while reducing scum and deposits on reactor surfaces.

Catalysts

The use of fluorocarbons during the multiphase oxidation of olefins to ketones with Wacker-type catalysts improves reaction efficiency.

Olefin oxidation catalyst

The conversion of long-chain alpha-olefins to methyl ketones can be efficiently carried out using reaction systems containing palladium, a co-catalyst, and an aqueous solvent system.

Alpha-olefin conversion

The production of cyclic amines by the amination of cyclic alcohols is made more efficient by carrying out the reaction in the presence of certain amine solvents.

Amination process

Wacker-type oxidation catalysts can be recovered and rejuvenated for further use by separating catalyst solids from the reaction mixture and, optionally, adjusting pH.

Recovery and rejuvenation of Wacker-type catalysts

The distillation of 2,2'bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)propane to yield high purity product is effectively carried out using high boiling organic solvents.

A zinc aluminate dehydration catalyst, suitably activated, as by heating in air, is employed to dehydrate a saturated alcohol to produce an olefin.

Alcohol dehydration employing a zinc aluminate catalyst

A branched chain unsaturated aliphatic dinitrile, e.g., as contained in a reaction product of acrylonitrile with isobutylene is subjected to hydrogenation under hydrogenation conditions in the presence of a combination or composition of catalysts including essentially at least one component selected from the group consisting of reaction products of an alkali metal borohydride with a palladium compound which is reducible by hydrogen to the elemental form and another component selected from a group consisting of the reaction products of an alkali metal borohydride with a nickel compound which is reducible by hydrogen to the elemental form, the individual components being primarily active as follows: the nickel component to hydrogenate nitrile groups and the palladium component to hydrogenate the olefinic unsaturation in the particular compounds hydrogenated; the process being carried out as a one-step process when the components are in admixture and as a two-step process when the components are used separately, one of them in one step and the other in another step of a two-step process. Completely saturated branched aliphatic diamines are produced.

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Bartlesville, OK, United States of America

Tod K Shioyama