William Marsh Rice University

University of California

Colorado State University Research Foundation

Ting Guo

Richard E Smalley

Andrew Gabriel Rinzler

Andreas Thess

Daniel T Colbert

Pavel Nikolaev

Jason H Hafner

Jie Liu

Hongjie Dai

Kenneth A Smith

Ken A Smith

R Andrew Davidson

Casey William Quinn

Jason Charles Quinn

Davide Donadio

Zane B Starkewolfe

Honglie Dai

The present technology relates to nanomaterials and methods of their use, and more specifically to methods and structures using nanomaterials to fiducially measure radiation dosing.

Sealable, mesoporous silica shell nanoreactor

Methods, compositions, systems and devices are provided in which zeolite particles, preferably of silicon and aluminum, are used as desiccants. In embodiments a plurality of zeolite particles are provided that are less than 1 mm in size. The particles may be arrayed such that at least some of the plurality of particles are spaced apart from each other and may be arrayed in rows and columns. Embodiments provide the particles are useful or removing water under ambient conditions and in removing water from air or material and in an embodiment removing water from plant material, such as harvested crop material, or where the dried air is contacted with plant material. Microwave radiation may be used to efficiently and in a cost effective manner dehydrate the rehydrated particles.

Zeolite particles, systems for using same and methods of use in desiccation

Provided herein are methods and materials that allow targeting and imaging of interactions between probes and targets. In some embodiments, the probes include nanoscale materials with embedded solutions that can be used to measure physical enhancement by materials under X-ray irradiation. In some embodiments, the methods of the present invention include delivering a probe material to a target that can have a delivered donor material. In some embodiments, methods of the present invention include irradiating the target and determining an optical change in the probe characteristic of a physical enhancement.

Formation and use of embedded solutions in nanoscale materials

The present disclosure relates to methods of combining chemical enhancement and physical enhancement to produce a combined synergistic total enhancement, and more specifically to methods of irradiating samples containing nanomaterials capable of producing chemical or physical enhancement to produce combined synergistic total enhancement.

Combination of isolated individual enhancements of X-ray radiation effect by nanomaterials

Described are composite photonic materials that incorporate magnetic nanoparticles inside hollow or solvent-filled nano-scale or micro-scale shells and methods of making and using such composite photonic materials. When these photonic materials are present in a magnetic field, they exhibit a change in reflected, scattered, and/or transmitted light as compared to when the materials are not in the presence of the magnetic field. This results in the materials appearing to have a different color, such as when observed by the human eye or a light detecting device, such as a camera.

Nanoparticle capsules for photonic crystal color display in magnetic field

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for providing irradiation energy, imaging, and detecting X-ray fluorescence from a volume in a sample. The present disclosure further relates to methods of increasing the delivery of irradiation energy to a target in a sample.

Nanoparticle assisted scanning focusing x-ray fluorescence imaging and enhanced treatment

The present disclosure relates generally to the field of nanoscale materials, and more specifically to the field of nanoscale materials for activating delivered molecules at a target location.

Methods and compositions for targeted release of molecules from nanoscale carriers

A principle is established to show that nanoscale energy deposition in water by X-rays can be greatly enhanced via the geometry of nanostructures. The calculated results show that enhancement over background water can reach over 60 times for a single nanoshell made of gold. Other geometries and nanostructures are investigated, and it is found that a shell of gold nanoparticles can generate similar enhancement. The concepts of composition, matrix, and satellite effects are established and studied, all of which can further increase the enhancement of the effect of X-rays.

Geometry enhancement of nanoscale energy deposition by X-rays

The methods disclosed herein are directed to methods of enhancing formation of a polymer from a monomer on a metal-based nanoparticle under X-ray irradiation and compositions produced by such methods. The method comprises irradiating a monomer solution with X-rays to form the polymer; wherein the monomer solution comprises the monomer, the metal-based nanoparticle, and a solvent capable of generating a hydroxyl radical; and wherein the metal-based nanoparticle is a particle having a greatest dimension between 5 and 100 nanometers. The methods also include the dissolution metal ions from these same metal-based nanoparticles wherein the solution comprises the metal-based nanoparticle and a solvent capable of generating a hydroxyl radical; and wherein the metal-based nanoparticle is a particle having a greatest dimension between 5 and 100 nanometers.

Polymerization enhanced by nanostructures under X-ray irradiation

A method for dynamic enhancement of chemical reactions by nanomaterials under hard X-ray irradiation. The nanomaterials were gold and platinum nanoparticles, and the chemical reaction employed was the hydroxylation of coumarin carboxylic acid. The reaction yield was enhanced 2000 times over that predicted on the basis of the absorption of X-rays only by the nanoparticles, and the enhancement was found for the first time to depend on the X-ray dose rate. The maximum turnover frequency was measured at 1 16&#xd7;10-4 s-1 Gy-1. We call this process chemical enhancement, which is defined as the increased yield of a chemical reaction due to the chemical properties of the added materials. The chemical enhancement described here is believed to be ubiquitous and may significantly alter the outcome of chemical reactions under X-ray irradiation with the assistance of nanomaterials.

Chemical enhancement by nanomaterials under X-ray irradiation

This invention relates generally to cutting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT). In one embodiment, the present invention provides for preparations of homogeneous populations of short carbon nanotube molecules by cutting and annealing (reclosing) the nanotube pieces followed by fractionation. The cutting and annealing processes may be carried out on a purified nanotube bucky paper, on felts prior to purification of nanotubes or on any material that contains single-wall nanotubes. In one embodiment, oxidative etching with concentrated nitric acid is employed to cut SWNTs into shorter lengths. The annealed nanotubes may be disbursed in an aqueous detergent solution or an organic solvent for the fractionation. Closed tubes can also be derivatized to facilitate fractionation, for example, by adding solubilizing moieties to the end caps.

Macroscopically manipulable nanoscale devices made from nanotube assemblies

The formation of arrays of fullerene nanotubes is described. A microscopic molecular array of fullerene nanotubes is formed by assembling subarrays of up to 10fullerene nanotubes into a composite array.

Method for forming composites of sub-arrays of fullerene nanotubes

This invention relates generally to carbon fiber produced from fullerene nanotube arrays. In one embodiment, the present invention involves a macroscopic carbon fiber comprising at least 10fullerene nanotubes in generally parallel orientation.

Continuous fiber of fullerene nanotubes

This invention relates generally to forming an array of fullerene nanotubes. In one embodiment, a macroscopic molecular array is provided comprising at least about 10fullerene nanotubes in generally parallel orientation and having substantially similar lengths in the range of from about 5 to about 500 nanometers.

Growing community of inventors

Davis, CA, United States of America

Ting Guo