Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.

Therasense, Inc.

Geneohm Sciences, Inc.

Abbott Diabates Care Inc.

Ting Chen

Benjamin J Feldman

Adam Heller

Alexander G Ghesquiere

Yi Wang

Lam Tran

Fei Mao

Keith A Friedman

William Matievich, Jr

Scott Calabrese Barton

Nicholas Mano

Hyug-Han Kim

Yongchao Zhang

John Charles Mazza

Xing Yang

Songbiao Zhang

R Erik Holmlin

Mohammed Moein

Methods of determining analyte concentration. The methods use a fraction of the predicted total charge, from analyte electrolysis, instead of using time, for determination of a data collection endpoint. The total charge is then extrapolated from the data collection endpoint. The analyte concentration is determined from the total charge.

Analyte sensors and methods

A fuel cell is provided with an anode and a cathode. The anode is in electrical communication with an anode enzyme and the cathode is in electrical communication with a cathode enzyme. The anode enzyme is preferably an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. The cathode enzyme is a copper-containing enzyme, such as a lacasse, an ascorbate oxidase, a ceruloplasmine, or a bilirubin oxidase. Preferably, the cathode enzyme is operable under physiological conditions. Redox polymers serve to wire the anode enzyme to the anode and the cathode enzyme to the cathode. The fuel cell can be very small in size because it does not require a membrane, seal, or case. The fuel cell can be used in connection with a biological system, such as a human, as it may operate at physiological conditions. By virtue of its size and operability at physiological conditions, the fuel cell is of particular interest for applications calling for a power source implanted in a human body, such as a variety of medical applications.

Miniature biological fuel cell that is operational under physiological conditions, and associated devices and methods

The present invention includes analyte measurement systems, analyte measurement meters, analyte testing devices, cartridges thereof and integrated circuits for use therewith, and further includes methods related to the use of the integrated circuits and, in certain embodiments, to the counting or tracking of parameters related to the cartridges and analyte test devices.

Analyte testing systems

In vitro electrochemical sensor that provide accurate and repeatable analysis of a sample of biological fluid are provided. In some embodiments, the sensors have a measurement zone that has a volume less than the volume of the sample chamber. The measurement zone could have a volume of no more than about 0.2 &#x3bc;L.

In vitro analyte sensor, and methods

The present disclosure provides electrode structures and integrated electrode structures having one or more conductive materials coextruded with one or more dielectric materials. The disclosed electrode structures can be configured for use as analyte sensors. Also provided, are methods of making and using the electrode structures and integrated electrode structures described herein.

Extruded analyte sensors and methods of using same

The present invention provides methods and apparatuses for analyte detection.

Analyte determination methods and devices

Methods for conducting an assay to detect nucleic acid hybridization are disclosed. In particular, the fabrication of a carbon electrode suited to nucleic acid hybridization detection is described. In some preferred embodiments, a micro array of carbon electrodes is constructed using photolithography. The final step in the photolithography process involves developing a solder mask with an alkaline solution. The alkaline solution oxidizes the carbon surface producing surface carboxylic acid groups. The surface carboxylic acid groups are reacted with EDC or DCC and NHS to produce NHS esters. Immobilization of NEUTRAVIDIN&#xae; onto the electrode surface is effected by reaction with the surface NHS ester groups. A biotinylated probe DNA molecule is then attached to the electrode via binding between the biotin group and the immobilized NEUTRAVIDIN&#xae;. The resulting electrode can be used to detect hybridization between the probe DNA and complementary target DNA.

Carbon electrode surface for attachment of DNA and protein molecules

A sensor including a sensing layer is disposed over an electrode or an optode and a layer-by-layer assembled mass transport limiting membrane disposed over the sensing layer. The membrane includes at least one layer of a polyanionic or polycationic material. The assembled layers of the membrane are typically disposed in an alternating manner. The sensor also optionally includes a biocompatible membrane.

Electrodes with multilayer membranes and methods of using and making the electrodes

A fuel cell is provided with an anode and a cathode. The anode is in electrical communication with an anode enzyme and the cathode is in electrical communication with a cathode enzyme. The anode enzyme is preferably an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. The cathode enzyme is a copper-containing enzyme, such as a laccase, an ascorbate oxidase, a ceruloplasmine, or a bilirubin oxidase. Preferably, the cathode enzyme is operable under physiological conditions. Redox polymers serve to wire the anode enzyme to the anode and the cathode enzyme to the cathode. The fuel cell can be very small in size because it does not require a membrane, seal, or case. The fuel cell can be used in connection with a biological system, such as a human, as it may operate at physiological conditions. By virtue of its size and operability at physiological conditions, the fuel cell is of particular interest for applications calling for a power source implanted in a human body, such as a variety of medical applications.

Growing community of inventors

Cedar Park, TX, United States of America

Ting Chen