United States of America as Represented by the Administrator of Nasa

Other

University of California

Columbia University

Timothy F Kennedy

Patrick W Fink

Gregory Y Lin

Phong H Ngo

Marc Tessier-Lavigne

Tito A Serafini

Diane L Byerly

Thomas M Jessell

Jane Dodd

Andrew W Chu

Marysia Placzek

Dewey T Brown

Yuan Zhang

David Leonardo

Anne Shyjan

Candace Swimmer

Haley C Boose

Billy G Smith

Si Hui Yang

Dickey Arndt

Merysia Placzek

Lucas S Kinion

A radio frequency identification (RFID) system includes an RFID interrogator configured for generating an RFID signal, wherein a channel frequency of the RFID signal changes over time; at least one patch antenna; and at least one feed line configured for feeding the signal to the corresponding at least one patch antenna. In another exemplary embodiment, an RFID interrogator configured for generating an RID signal, wherein a channel frequency of the RFID signal changes over time; at least one transmission line; and a diplexer coupling the RFID interrogator and the transmission lines and configured for distributing the RFID signal to each of the antennas or transmission lines, respectively, depending on the channel frequency of the RFID signal generated. The antennas or transmission lines are configured to transmit an electromagnetic wave in response to and at the channel frequency of the RFID signal distributed thereto.

Frequency multiplexed radio frequency identification

A method for decontaminating a tube includes positioning an antenna at least partially within the tube. The tube is positioned at least partially within a living body. The method also includes decontaminating the tube by causing the antenna to emit electromagnetic waves having a frequency from about 10 GHz to about 100 GHz for a time duration that is less than or equal to 60 seconds. The electromagnetic waves cause a temperature of the living body proximate to the tube to increase from about 0.1&#xb0; C. to about 3&#xb0; C. so as to not substantially damage the living body.

Systems and method for decontaminating a tube

A radio frequency identification (RFID) system includes an RFID interrogator configured for generating an RFID signal, wherein a channel frequency of the RFID signal changes over time; at least one single feed patch antenna; and at least one single feed line configured for feeding the signal to the corresponding at least one single feed patch antenna. The single feed patch antenna is configured to transmit an electromagnetic wave in response to and at the channel frequency of the RFID signal such that the electromagnetic wave exhibits (1) a polarization tilt angle that varies depending on the channel frequency of the signal, (2) a substantially linear polarization at all channel frequencies of the signal within the given operational bandwidth, and (3) a range of polarization tilt angles across the given operational bandwidth that spans at least 70 degrees within a single quadrant. A method for frequency multiplexing includes similar components.

A radio frequency identification (RFID) system for frequency multiplexing includes, in an exemplary embodiment, an RFID interrogator configured for generating an RFID signal, wherein a channel frequency of the RFID signal changes over time; at least one antenna or transmission line; and a diplexer coupling the RFID interrogator and the antennas or transmission lines and configured for distributing the RFID signal to each of the antennas or transmission lines, respectively, depending on the channel frequency of the RFID signal generated. The antennas or transmission lines are configured to transmit an electromagnetic wave in response to and at the channel frequency of the RFID signal distributed thereto. Other embodiments include RFID systems and methods including a frequency selective surface and both similar and different components and aspects for frequency multiplexing.

A passive beamforming rectenna includes a plurality of antennas, a plurality of terminal port rectifying circuits, and a beamforming network. The beamforming network includes (a) a plurality of antenna ports connecting to the plurality of antennas, and (b) a plurality of terminal ports connecting to the plurality of terminal port rectifying circuits. The beamforming network further includes a microwave lens or any of a variety of other structures. The beamforming rectenna is characterized by a plurality of radiation distribution patterns. Electromagnetic power is received through the plurality of antennas. The beamforming network directs the received electromagnetic power, in substantial portion, to a subset of the plurality of terminal ports associated with particular radiation distribution patterns whose amplitudes, in the direction from which the electromagnetic power was received, are large relative to the amplitudes, in the same direction, of other radiation distribution patterns associated with other terminal ports.

Beamforming rectennas, systems and methods for wireless power transfer

A radio frequency identification (RFID) system for frequency multiplexing includes, in one exemplary embodiment, and RFID interrogator configured for generating an RFID signal, wherein a channel frequency of the RFID signal changes over time; a first narrow band antenna, characterized by a first passband, the first passband corresponding to a first range of frequencies; a second narrow band antenna, characterized by a second passband, the second passband corresponding to a second range of frequencies, wherein the second range of frequencies differs from the first range of frequencies, whereby the second passband differs from the first passband; and first and second feed lines configured for feeding the RFID signal to each of the first and second narrow band antennas, respectively. Other embodiments include systems and methods including similar and different RFID components and aspects for frequency multiplexing.

A system and sensor provides for radio frequency identification (RFID)-enabled information collection. The system includes a ring-shaped element and an antenna. The ring-shaped element includes a conductive ring and an RFID integrated circuit. The antenna is spaced apart from the ring-shaped element and defines an electrically-conductive path commensurate in size and shape to at least a portion of the conductive ring. In an alternate embodiment, the sensor system further comprises a reference ring-shaped element in a fixed relationship with respect to the antenna, with the reference ring-shaped element defining another series circuit to include an electrically-conductive reference ring and a reference RFID integrated circuit. The system may include an interrogator for energizing the ring-shaped element and receiving a data transmission from the RFID integrated circuit that has been energized for further processing by a processor.

System and sensor for RFID-enabled information collection

A radio frequency identification (RFID) system for frequency multiplexing includes, in an exemplary embodiment, an RFID interrogator configured for generating an RFID signal, wherein a channel frequency of the RFID signal changes over time within an operating bandwidth; and one or more electromagnetic transmissive elements each extending between a first end thereof and a second end thereof, each of the electromagnetic transmissive elements electrically coupled with the RFID interrogator at the first end thereof, each of the electromagnetic transmissive elements comprising a frequency dependent load at the second end thereof and configured for transmitting the RFID signal from the RFID interrogator to the frequency dependent load, wherein the frequency dependent load presents different electromagnetic characteristics to the RFID signal transmitted to the frequency dependent load depending on the channel frequency of the RFID signal. Other embodiments include a method for frequency multiplexing including similar components.

A radio frequency identification (RFID) system includes an RFID interrogator and an RFID tag having a plurality of information sources and a beamforming network. The tag receives electromagnetic radiation from the interrogator. The beamforming network directs the received electromagnetic radiation to a subset of the plurality of information sources. The RFID tag transmits a response to the received electromagnetic radiation, based on the subset of the plurality of information sources to which the received electromagnetic radiation was directed. Method and other embodiments are also disclosed.

Systems and methods for beam forming RFID tags

An angular position sensing system includes a first support with ring-shaped elements disposed thereon and spaced apart from one another in a curvilinear arrangement. Each ring-shaped element includes an electrically-conductive ring and an RFID integrated circuit electrically coupled to its electrically-conductive ring. A second support has an antenna coupled thereto that defines an electrically-conductive path commensurate in size and shape to at least a portion of the electrically-conductive ring. An interrogator transmits a signal to the antenna wherein electric current is generated along the antenna's electrically-conductive path and electromagnetic energy emanates from the antenna. Any ring-shaped element and its RFID integrated circuit energized by the electromagnetic energy generates in response a data transmission for receipt by the interrogator. A processor coupled to the interrogator derives information related to an angular position of one of the first support and second support using the data transmission.

RFID-enabled angular position sensing system

Methods, apparatuses and systems for radio frequency identification (RFID)-enabled information collection are disclosed, including an enclosure, a collector coupled to the enclosure, an interrogator, a processor, and one or more RFID field sensors, each having an individual identification, disposed within the enclosure. In operation, the interrogator transmits an incident signal to the collector, causing the collector to generate an electromagnetic field within the enclosure. The electromagnetic field is affected by one or more influences. RFID sensors respond to the electromagnetic field by transmitting reflected signals containing the individual identifications of the responding RFID sensors to the interrogator. The interrogator receives the reflected signals, measures one or more returned signal strength indications ('RSSI') of the reflected signals and sends the RSSI measurements and identification of the responding RFID sensors to the processor to determine one or more facts about the influences. Other embodiments are also described.

Systems and methods for RFID-enabled pressure sensing apparatus

A sensor and system provide for radio frequency identification (RFID)-enabled information collection. The sensor includes a ring-shaped element and an antenna. The ring-shaped element includes a conductive ring and an RFID integrated circuit. The antenna is spaced apart from the ring-shaped element and defines an electrically-conductive path commensurate in size and shape to at least a portion of the conductive ring. The system may include an interrogator for energizing the ring-shaped element and receiving a data transmission from the RFID integrated circuit that has been energized for further processing by a processor.

System for RFID-enabled information collection

Systems, apparatuses and methods for beamforming RFID tags

A system for radio frequency identification (RFID) includes an enclosure defining an interior region interior to the enclosure, and a feed for generating an electromagnetic field in the interior region in response to a signal received from an RFID reader via a radio frequency (RF) transmission line and, in response to the electromagnetic field, receiving a signal from an RFID sensor attached to an item in the interior region. The structure of the enclosure may be conductive and may include a metamaterial portion, an electromagnetically absorbing portion, or a wall extending in the interior region. Related apparatuses and methods for performing RFID are provided.

Methods, systems and apparatuses for radio frequency identification

The present invention provides an RFID-based torque sensor that can be used to quickly monitor off the shelf fasteners including fasteners that are used in expensive satellites or other uses where fastener failure can be very costly. In one embodiment, an antenna, RFID ring and spring comprise a sensor tag that can be interrogated with an interrogation signal produced by an interrogator device. When sufficient torque is applied to the fastener, an RFID circuit is connected, and produces a radio frequency (RF) signal that can be read by the interrogator. In one embodiment, the RFID circuit does not transmit when the spring member is not compressed, thereby indicating insufficient tensioning of the fastener. The present invention offers the ability to remotely, quickly, and inexpensively verify that any number of fasteners are torqued properly upon initial installation. Where applicable, the present invention allows low cost monitoring over the life of the fastener.

Growing community of inventors

Sugar Land, TX, United States of America

Timothy F Kennedy