Raychem Limited

Lonza Inc.

Timothy E Fahey

Andrew N Au

William D Carlomagno

David A Horsma

Shou-Mean Fang

Guillaume Peronnet

Stephen M Jacobs

Marguerite E Deep

Julia A Falter

Larry Kent Hall

The composition includes a polyglycerol monoester and an ethoxylated sorbitan ester incorporated into polyvinyl chloride or polyolefin thin films. The film composition has enhanced anti-static, anti-fogging and dynamic heat stability properties.

Anti-static and anti-fogging compositions for use in polyvinyl chloride

Circuit protection devices which comprise a PTC conductive polymer element and a second electrical component which is thermally coupled to the PTC element and which, when a fault causes the current in the circuit to become excessive, generates heat which is transferred to the PTC element, thus reducing the time taken to 'trip' the PTC element. The second component is for example a voltage-dependent resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element under the fault conditions and is thus protected from damage. Alternatively, the second component is a thick film resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element.

Composite circuit protection devices

Circuit protection devices which comprise a PTC conductive polymer element and a second electrical component which is thermally coupled to the PTC element and which, when a fault causes the current in the circuit to become excessive, generates heat which is transferred to the PTC element, thus reducing the time taken to 'trip' PTC element. The second component is for example a voltage-dependent resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element under the fault conditions and is thus protected from damage. Alternatively, the second component is a thick film resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element.

Propylene glycol esters of unsaturated fatty acids having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms are found useful as internal lubricants for polyvinyl chloride. As compared to commonly used materials, the use of propylene glycol ester results in improved optical properties, as for example low yellowing after processing and resistance to hazing upon immersion in liquids. The lubricants are used in the manufacture of PVC by bulk or suspension polymerization. Broadly from 0.1 to 5 wt. % of the ester is incorporated into the resin.

Polyvinyl chloride lubricant

Circuit protection devices which comprise a PTC conductive polymer element and a second electrical component which is thermally coupled to the PTC element and which, when a fault causes the current in the circuit to become excessive, generates heat which is transferred to the PTC element, thus reducing the time taken to 'trip' the PTC element. The second component is for example a voltate-dependent resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element under the fault conditions and is thus protected from damage. Alternatively, the second component is a thick film resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element.

Electrical devices containing PTC conductive polymers which have been cross-linked in two steps, preferably by radiation. The conductive polymer is heat-treated above the temperature at which it begins to melt between the two cross-linking steps, and/or the cross-linking steps are such that a center section of the conductive polymer, intermediate the electrodes, is substantially more cross-linked than the conductive polymer adjacent the electrodes. The process is particularly useful for the preparation of circuit protection devices which are subject to high voltage faults.

Electrical devices comprising cross-linked conductive polymers

Circuit protection devices which comprise a PTC conductive polymer element and a second electrical component which is thermally coupled to the PTC element and which, when a fault causes the current in the circuit to become excessive, generates heat which is transferred to the PTC element, thus reducing the time taken to 'trip' the PTC element. The second component is for example a voltage-dependent resistor which is connected in series with the PTC element under the fault conditions and is thus protected from damage.

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Williamsport, PA, United States of America

Timothy E Fahey