Foster Wheeler Energia Oy

Timo Hypp&auml;nen

Kari Kauppinen

Jari Ristola

A centrifugal separator assembly, which is attached to a fluidized bed reactor for separating solid particles from gas exhausted from a reaction chamber of the fluidized bed reactor, includes a vortex chamber. The vortex chamber is in a horizontal direction defined by vertically-extending outer walls formed of planar water tube panels, the inside of the outer walls being at least partly provided with a refractory lining and defining a gas space in the vortex chamber, where at least one vertical gas vortex is established. The separator assembly also includes at least one inlet for introducing gas into the gas space from the reaction chamber, at least one outlet for discharging purified gas from the gas space, and at least one outlet for discharging separated solid particles from the gas space. In the separator assembly, the vertically-extending outer walls of the vortex chamber form at least one corner, with the angle between the sides of the corner exceeding ninety degrees, and the corner being rounded by a refractory lining on the inside of the outer walls. A method of separating solid particles from exhausted gas with a high degree of particle separation is also provided. In the method, which includes providing a separator assembly as described above, exhausted gas in the vortex chamber is brought to hit at least one corner rounded by the refractory lining on the inside of the outer walls, and the angle between the vertically-extending outer walls of the corner exceeds ninety degrees.

Method and apparatus for separating particles from hot gases

A circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a furnace, defined by a substantially vertical and planar first wall, and a particle separator having a return duct adjacent to the first wall. In the lower part of the return duct is arranged a gas seal adjacent to a planar tube wall, which wall is the planar wall or a wall defining a space in gas flow connection with the furnace. The width of the horizontal cross section of the lower part of the return duct, measured in the direction of the first wall, is larger than its depth, measured perpendicular to the width. The gas seal includes a seal structure that includes water tubes bent from the tube wall.

Circulating fluidized bed reactor

A fluidized bed reactor includes a furnace defined by side walls, a roof, and a continuous bottom, and has a solid particle bed in the furnace. Vaporizing surfaces form at least two principally vertical chambers. The chambers have a round or polygonal cross section, and extend from the bottom upwards to at least 80% of the height of the furnace. Also, the chambers are spaced away from the side walls of the furnace and are arranged separately within the furnace, for the furnace volume to be free so that the particles move even in the proximity of the chambers.

Method and apparatus in a fluidized bed reactor

An apparatus that includes (i) a centrifugal separator assembly and (ii) a fluidized bed reactor having a reactor chamber, the separator assembly being connected to the reactor and provided for separating solid particles from gas discharged from the reactor chamber. The apparatus includes planar peripheral walls defining a vortex chamber, having a rectangular cross section, the vortex chamber having an interior gas volume in which at least two vertical gas vortices can be formed, and the planar peripheral walls including a first wall portion connecting the separator assembly to the reactor chamber, at least two gas outlets, disposed one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the vortex chamber, for discharging cleaned gas from the gas volume, at least one solid particles outlet for discharging separated solid particles from the gas volume, and at least one gas inlet, arranged in the first wall portion, for introducing gas from the reactor chamber into the gas volume. The at least one gas inlet includes at least two inlet ducts which are mainly perpendicular to the first wall portion and arranged side-by-side in the first wall portion within a less than ninety degree sector of one gas vortex within the vortex chamber.

Apparatus and a method for separating particles from hot gases

A method of and apparatus for decreasing attack of detrimental components of solid particle suspensions on heat transfer surfaces in a heat transfer chamber in a fluidized bed reactor. The method includes introducing solid particles into a first chamber, which is a dilution chamber, on top of a bed of solid particles therein through a dilution chamber inlet disposed in an upper part of the dilution chamber, and discharging solid particles from the dilution chamber through an outlet disposed in a lower part of the dilution chamber, into a heat transfer chamber, and introducing a flushing gas into at least a portion of the dilution chamber for performing at least one of inactivating in and separating from the bed of solid particles in the dilution chamber, impurities detrimental to heat transfer surfaces in the heat transfer chamber.

Growing community of inventors

Karhula, Finland

Timo Hyppänen

Growing community of inventors

Karhula, Finland

Timo Hypp&auml;nen

Timo Hyppänen