Hewlett-packard Development Company, L.p.

Hewlett-packard Company

University of Cincinnati

Crown Electrokinetics Corp.

Heikenfeld, Jason C.

Mukherjee, Sayantika

Koch, Tim R.

Tim R Koch

Jong-Souk Yeo

Gregg Combs

Jeffrey Todd Mabeck

Pavel Kornilovich

Jason C Heikenfeld

Sayantika Mukherjee

Zhang-Lin Zhou

Peter James Fricke

Scott A Lerner

Qin Liu

George H Corrigan

Alan R Arthur

Donald J Milligan

Martha A Truninger

Ravi Prasad

Timothy R Emery

Brad Benson

Joseph W Stellbrink

Stanley J Wang

Diane Lai

Swaroop K Kommera

J Daniel Smith

Donald Milton Hill

Tri Nguyen

A laminate which can serve as either a smart window or a smart mirror is formed using first and second substrates coated with transparent first and second electrodes which are separated by foraminous layer and a third grid-like linear electrode insulated from the first and second electrodes. The foraminous layer includes spacers defining a cell space which is filled with a colloidal ink having first and second particles. The first particles have a positive charge and a first color and second particles having a negative charge and a second color different from the first color. By altering the voltages of the first, second and third electrodes, one can achieve different light transmission characteristics which, for example, can alter the color temperature of the light transmitted through the laminate or enhance reflective colors.

Two particle electrophoretic laminate for use with smart windows with reduced diffraction

A pigment-based ink comprises: a non-polar carrier fluid; and pigment particles suspended in the non-polar carrier fluid. The pigment particles are coated with a metal oxide that is modified with at least one silane coupling agent to introduce functional groups, steric stabilizers or both. A combination of an electronic display and an electronic ink is provided, as is a method for modifying the pigment particles.

Pigment-based ink

A display element () corresponds to a pixel of a display. The display element includes a top electrode () connected to a first addressable line of the display, and a bottom electrode () connected to a second addressable line of the display. The display element includes a display mechanism () situated between the top electrode and the bottom electrode and having a number of individually turned-on steps. Each individually turned-on step has a turn-on voltage threshold at which the step is turned on upon a voltage applied between the top and the bottom electrodes equal to or greater than the turn-on voltage threshold. Each individually turned-on step has a turn-off voltage threshold at which the step is turned off upon a voltage applied between the top and the bottom electrodes equal to or less than the turn-off voltage threshold.

Display element having groups of individually turned-on steps

A transparent conductor structure includes a transparent, insulating substrate and a discontinuous, transparent conducting layer established on the substrate. The discontinuous conducting layer is partitioned into a plurality of segments, each of which has a thickness ranging from about 1 nm to about 10 &#x3bc;m. Two or more of the segments are connected together by i) a metal trace disposed on or between them, or ii) a mesh, formed from a plurality of metal traces, disposed across a surface of the segments.

Transparent conductor structure

An electro-optical display includes colorant particles that are suspended in a carrier fluid. The colorant particles are controlled by three different types of electrodes. An exposed electrode acts on the colorant particles in an electrokinetic manner by compacting the colorant particles. A passivated electrode acts on the colorant particles in an electrostatic manner by holding the colorant particles once compacted. A reference electrode attracts the colorant particles to compaction areas.

Electro-optical display

Electro-optical display systems are disclosed. An electro-optical display system may include a display volume containing a fluid having a plurality of colorant particles; a dielectric layer adjacent the display volume, the dielectric layer including recessed regions configured to contain the plurality of colorant particles; a plurality of electrodes configured to selectively move the plurality of colorant particles between a compacted position in which all or nearly all of the plurality of colorant particles are in the recessed regions, and a spread position in which all or nearly all of the plurality of colorant particles are spread across the display volume; and at least one color filter configured to absorb at least one wavelength of light.

Electro-optical display systems

A display system encompasses electrodes that induce a convective flow of a carrier fluid that transports a colorant species that is suspended in the carrier fluid. At least one of the convection flow, speed, and direction of the colorant species is controlled by operation of the electrodes.

A method of manufacturing an electromagnetic (EM) waveguide capable of guiding a wave along a pre-defined propagation path is described. The method includes providing a core region that extends along the propagation path and printing a colloidal crystal comprised of first particles on the waveguide core region.

Electromagnetic waveguide

An optically retro-reflecting sphere includes an inner sphere and an outer concentric spherical shell, and can be coupled to a reflective surface. Light entering the optically retro-reflecting sphere from an incident direction is reflected by the sphere generally towards an exit direction, where the exit direction is parallel and opposite to the incident direction. The inner sphere and outer shell have different refractive indices, selected so that the reflected light is reflected with a non-uniform angular distribution about the exit direction.

Optically retro-reflecting sphere

A method of manufacturing a power switching transistor for a fluid ejection device includes forming a first conductivity type region and a first diffused region within the first conductivity type region. The first diffused region has a first conductivity type and has a greater impurity concentration than the first conductivity type region. A gate is formed and is defined to have a thin oxide region and a thick oxide region. The thick oxide region and a first portion of the thin oxide region are disposed over the first conductivity type region and the thin oxide region is at a defined distance from the first diffused region.

Power switching transistor and method of manufacture for a fluid ejection device

A method of manufacturing a fluidic channel through a substrate includes etching an exposed section on a first surface of the substrate, and coating the etched section of the substrate. The etching and the coating are alternatingly repeated until the fluidic channel is formed.

Substrate with fluidic channel and method of manufacturing

A fluid ejection device includes a substrate with a fluid drop generator, wherein the fluid drop generator is top coated with a first barrier layer. The device also has a second barrier layer substantially defining a chamber about the fluid drop generator, and at least one layer deposited in between the first and second barrier layers.

Fluid ejection device

The specification describes a multilevel metal CMOS integrated circuit wherein a first or lower level of metallization comprises strips of tungsten over aluminum. These strips are connected through vias in an inter-metal dielectric layer to an upper or second level of metallization which is photodefined in a desired pattern. The tungsten suppresses hillocks in the underlying aluminum during high temperature processing and also advantageously serves as an etch stop material during integrated circuit fabrication.

Growing community of inventors

Corvallis, OR, United States of America

Tim R Koch