University of Colorado

Other

University of Macau

Tim Lei

Achim Klug

Chao Kai Liu

Zeinab Mohammadi

Sio Hang Pun

Peng Un Mak

Mang I Vai

Elizabeth McCullagh

Changhao Chen

Anna Dondzillo

Various methods and embodiments of the present technology generally relate to neural spike sorting in real-time. More specifically, some embodiments relate to a real-time neural spike sorting process using distributed nodes and edges to form clusters in the vector space to learn the neural spike data distribution adaptively for neural spike classification in real-time. The state of the brain or the onset of a neurological disorder can be determined by analyzing the neural spike firing pattern, and the first stage of the neural data analysis is to sort the recorded neural spikes to their originating neurons. Methods that can sort the recorded neural spikes in real-time with low system latency and can be implemented with resource limited digital electronic hardware, including a Field-Programming Gate Array (FPGA), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit and an embedded microprocessor, are beneficial in understanding neuronal networks and controlling neurological disorders.

Process and hardware implementation of adaptive real-time neural spike sorting

Various embodiments of the present technology generally relate to a single monolithic IC to perform simultaneous optogenetic neural inhibition and extracellular electrophysiological recording in-vivo. Some embodiments include a low input capacitance (e.g., 9.7 pF) amplifier particularly tailored for the use of high-impedance electrodes to conduct single neuron extracellular recording integrated with programmable high current drivers for optogenetic stimulation or inhibition on the same IC chip. Some embodiments use a noise model to guide the IC design process to obtain parameters for optimal signal-to-noise ratio. The performance of the IC chip was demonstrated on an anesthetized gerbil expressed with inhibitory optogenetic protein (Halorhodopsin). Spontaneous action potentials from the fifth nerve of the brainstem were recorded by the amplifier and were subsequently inhibited by laser illumination. As a result, various embodiments of the IC allow neuroscience research and neural engineering applications to be conducted in an entirely new direction and can potentially be used in treatments for human mental diseases in the future.

Integrated circuit for simultaneous electrophysiology recording and optogenetic neural control

A system and methods by which in vitro experiments directed to a subject may be managed more efficiently including the more efficient use of a nutrient solution used in certain in vitro experimentation. Certain embodiments of the system and methods may include a retainer in which the subject of the experimentation and a nutrient solution is retainable and a recycling component that facilitates the restoration or reconditioning of the nutrient solution during the period of experimentation.

System and methods for conducting in vitro experiments

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Thornton, CO, United States of America

Tim Lei