Evonik Degussa Gmbh

Evonik Operations Gmbh

Thomas Quell

Robert Franke

Katrin Marie Dyballa

Siegfried R Waldvogel

Michael Mirion

Dirk Fridag

Frank Geilen

Johannes Knossalla

Marc Schäpertöns

Frederik Gluth

Stefan Drees

Fabian Höckelmann

Jan Willaert

Martina Ludwig

The invention provides an improvement in terms of control and process technology for a method of continuous removal of a component from a liquid mixture using a membrane unit comprising at least one membrane stage. The improvement is that a portion of the overall permeate stream is recycled to the feed vessel and/or beyond the feed vessel but upstream of the conveying device, and the remainder of the overall permeate stream is removed, with the recycled permeate having a higher concentration of the component to be separated off than the removed permeate. The presently disclosed method can especially be used for separation of a homogeneously dissolved catalyst from a liquid reaction mixture.

Variable and self-regulating permeate recycling in organophilic nanofiltration

A heat exchanger system can be used for removal or introduction of heat from or into a chemical reactor in which a chemical reaction is proceeding. The system further provides an apparatus for controlling the temperature of a reactor and a process for performing a chemical reaction, in each case using a heat exchanger system with a thermally insulated inner tube.

Apparatus for controlling the temperature of a reactor

The present invention relates to a method for coupling two arenes with selenium dioxide to give a selenobiaryl ether. The method of the present invention includes: adding a first arene to the reaction mixture, adding a second arene to the reaction mixture, adding selenium dioxide to the reaction mixture, adding an acid having a pKa in the range from 0 to 5 to the reaction mixture, and adjusting the reaction temperature of the reaction mixture such that the first arene and the second arene are converted to a selenobiaryl ether. The present invention also relates to novel selenobiaryl ethers.

Coupling of two arenes with selenium dioxide to give a selenobiaryl ether

A process for preparing unsymmetric biphenols, comprising: a) adding a first substituted phenol to the reaction mixture; b) adding a second substituted phenol having different substitution than the first phenol to the reaction mixture; c) adding selenium dioxide to the reaction mixture; d) adding a solvent; and e) heating the reaction mixture such that the first substituted phenol and the second phenol having different substitution are converted to an unsymmetric biphenol.

Method for producing asymmetrical biphenols using selenium dioxide

Method for coupling a phenol and an arene using selenium dioxide, and also novel phenol-arene derivatives.

Coupling a phenol and an arene using selenium dioxide

A process for preparing a 2,2'-biphenol, proceeds by a) adding a first phenol to a reaction mixture, b) adding a second phenol to the reaction mixture, c) adding selenium dioxide to the reaction mixture, d) adding an acid having a pKa in the range from 0.0 to 5.0 to the reaction mixture, and e) heating the reaction mixture such that the first phenol and the second phenol are converted to said 2,2&#x2032;-biphenol.

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Mainz, Germany

Thomas Quell