Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

International Business Machines Corporation

Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.

Arco Chemical Company

Pac Polymers Inc.

Thomas P McAndrew

Robert K Pinschmidt, Jr

Andrew Francis Nordquist

Lloyd Mahlon Robeson

Donald P Eichelberger

Liang-Choo Hsia

John G Smigo

Fred E Stuebner

Andrew G Gilicinski

Carbon steel substrates are protected from corrosive environments by a coating of nonconductive poly(aniline) which has been chemically prepared and cast onto the substrate from solution. The coating can also include other polymers which are miscible with the poly(aniline) but do not protonate it so as to make it conductive. Such polymers can include polyimides, epoxies, and urethane linked diisocyanates, among others. In these blends, a weight composition of at least 5% poly(aniline) to the other polymer is preferred. Overall, the nonconductive form of polyaniline has been found to be more effective in this service than the conductive form. Air oxidation of the poly(aniline) coating before exposure to a corrosive environment enhances the benefits.

Protecting carbon steel from corrosion with nonconducting poly(aniline)

A poly(vinylamine) which is preferably a poly(vinylamine) hydrochloride is an effective drag reducing agent in aqueous fluids under turbulent flow conditions. Apparently, because of its relatively low molecular weight, preferably in the range of about 5.times.10.sup.5 to 2.times.10.sup.6, this poly(vinylamine) is quite stable and maintains its drag reducing effectiveness over an extended period of usage, demonstrating superior stability to commercial polymers known as effective drag reducing agents. Effectiveness is demonstrated for both tapwater and seawater and the invention can be practiced with respect to fluids flowing through conduits or drag reduction for vessels passing through a body of water.

Drag reduction with amine functional polymers

Fluid coating materials such as paints, ink pastes, personal care creams and the like having a water-base are thickened with an associative thickener which is a vinylamine polymer having a weight average molecular weight above 10.sup.5 and which has been modified by reaction with at least 0.2 mer percent of a linear monoaldehyde having 8 to 30 carbon atoms. A hydrolyzed polymer of N-vinylformamide which has been hydrophobically modified with an aldehyde such as dodecaldehyde, exhibits associative thickening characteristics and is useful in thickening water-based formulations.

Amine functional polymers as thickening agents

Polyvinylaminals, optionally as the formed copolymer with polyvinylhemiaminals and polyvinylacetals are useful as separating agents and are provided by reacting a poly(vinylamine) or a copolymer containing vinyl alcohol and vinylamine units with a monoaldehyde. The aldehyde, such as butyraldehyde, can be introduced into the polymer aminalization as a liquid or gas, generally in a proportion of about 0.02 to 0.5 mol per mol of alcohol and amine units in the polymer chain. These polymers, especially as the cationic salt, perform very well in the flocculation, settling, clarification and dewatering of wastewater.

Separation of solids from aqueous suspensions using modified amine

Ceramic green tape formulations are described comprising critical amounts of a ceramic powder, poly(propylene carbonate) as the binder, a solvent mixture and a plasticizer. These ingredients are admixed to yield a slurry having a Brookfield viscosity in the range of about 500 to 4500 cps at 25.degree. C. The slurry is cast into a thin film on a substrate, the solvent mixture is removed from the film and the green tape is removed from the substrate. The poly(propylene carbon)-based green tapes have been shown to have tensile strengths of greater than 35 psi and flexibility which would permit successful punching of register and feed-through (via) holes and screen printing. The green tapes of this method are easily laminated to produce multilayered capacitors and other multilayered structures having ceramic contents well in the range generally considered desirable for ceramic processing. The binder burn-off characteristics of the green tapes of this invention are superior to prior art precursor formulations under all comparable conditions.

Poly(propylene carbonate)-containing ceramic tape formulations and the

An elastomeric connector for permanently or temporarily (for testing purposes) connecting area array chips without solder balls or wire bonds comprising an elastomer base material having through-hole conductors deposited therein, and surface conductor tabs which are electrically connected to the through-hole conductors deposited thereon. The surface conductor tabs have an overhanging contact region extending past the periphery of the through-hole conductors. Upon contact between the input/output pads of a chip and the overhanging contact regions of the elastomeric connector when aligned and biased towards each other, a requisite pressure causes a reactionary force by the elastomer base which facilites contact and automatic wipe. The elastomeric connectors may replace solder balls in chip connection applications, or may replace buckling beam test probe heads in chip test applications.

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Macungie, PA, United States of America

Thomas P McAndrew