Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

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Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh

Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh

Thomas Menzel

Winfried Joentgen

Torsten Groth

Klaus Schubert

Wilhelm Bier

Bernd Koglin

Erhard Herrmann

Gerd Linder

Paul Wagner

Klaus-Peter Heise

Hans-Joachim Traenckner

Ulrich Liesenfelder

Hans-Georg Pirkl

Thomas Klein

Christine Maul

Hermann Uhr

Rudiger Schubart

Nikolaus Muller

Lutz Heuer

Alfred Mitschker

Bernhard Lehmann

Wolfgang Wirth

Ursula Pentling

Rolf Rink

Ulrich Litzinger

Frank D&ouml;bert

Hermann Sicius

Frank Dobert

Joachim Beyer

Wolfgang Wambach

J&ouml;rgen Weinschenck

Hartwig Wendt

Ralf-Johann Moritz

Ute Wollborn

Joergen Weinschenck

Ralf Moritz

Thomas Klausa

Thomas Sildatke

Gerd Bauer

Karl-Hermann Brucher

Joachim-Reinhard Wesener

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts, characterized in that, in a first stage, maleic anhydride (MA), alkali metal hydroxide and water are mixed in the molar ratio of 2:0&#x2013;3:5&#x2013;30 and then ammonia is metered in in the ratio MA: ammonia 2:1.5&#x2013;8, in order to obtain iminodisuccinic acid ammonium salts which, in a second stage, are reacted with metal oxides, metal hydroxides (and) or other metal salts or their mixtures to give iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts of the formula 8,IDA(NH)(Na)(K)(Me).(NH)Formula 8in which

Preparation and use of iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts

The invention relates to a novel conditioning agent based on polysuccinimide, its hydrolysates or its partial hydrolysates, for preventing deposits in standing or flowing water systems.

Process for conditioning standing and flowing water systems

Cleaning compositions which, as powder or as aqueous formulation based on sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and/or sugar, comprise a water-soluble polymeric polycarboxylate as dispersant with the exception of those formulations containing only sodium bicarbonate and polyaspartic acids and/or their salts, to the use of these cleaning compositions for the abrasive cleaning of hard surfaces. A method for cleaning surfaces contaminated with deposits using these cleaning compositions.

Use of water-soluble polymeric polycarboxylates in cleaner formulations with abrasive action

In the process for the continuous dispersion of at least one fluid A constituting the disperse phase and at least one continuous phase constituting the enclosing phase of a fluid B, at least one fluid stream A and at least one fluid stream B are fed into a dispersion apparatus and come into contact therein in a dispersion chamber. To this end, a microstructure dispersion apparatus (,) is used in which the fluid streams A, B are broken up into spatially separate, flowing fluid filaments by a system of microchannels (,) associated therewith, which filaments are discharged into the dispersion chamber (,) at identical flow velocities for the particular fluid in such a manner that on discharge into the dispersion chamber (,) a fluid jet (,) of the disperse phase is in each case immediately adjacent to a fluid jet (,) of the continuous phase and in each case a fluid jet (,) of the disperse phase is enclosed as it is broken up into particles in the adjacent fluid jets (,) of the continuous phase.

Method of producing dispersions and carrying out of chemical reactions in the disperse phase

In the reaction process, at least two educts A, B are divided by a system, assigned to each of them, of slit-like microchannels,into spatially separate fluid lamellae, which then emerge into a common mixing and reaction space,. The fluid lamellae here have a thickness <1,000 &mgr;m, preferably <100 &mgr;m, at a width thickness ratio of at least 10. It is essential here that educts A, B can emerge as thin fluid lamellae,into the mixing/reaction space,, each fluid lamella,of an educt A being led into the mixing/reaction space,in the immediate vicinity of a fluid lamella,of another educt B. The adjacent fluid lamellae,then subsequently mix by diffusion and/or turbulence. As a result, the mixing operation is accelerated substantially compared with conventional reactors. In the case of rapid chemical reactions, the formation of undesirable by-products or secondary products is largely prevented in this manner.

Process for carrying out chemical reactions using a microlaminar mixer

A microstructures lamellae mixer comprising a guide component for supplying fluids to be mixed to a mixing chamber, the guide component being composed of a plurality of foils which are layered one above the other and into which microchannels are incorporated such that separate fluids supplied to the guide component are formed into spatially separated microstreams which then emerge adjacent to each other in a mixing chamber.

Device for carrying out chemical reactions using a microlaminar mixer

The invention relates to a method for carrying out polycondensation reactions, according to which the polycondensation of a monomeric starting material is carried out with external supply of heat in a reactor combination which has at least two stages and is composed of a pre-reactor and a high-viscosity reactor, where the low-molecular-weight elimination products produced are removed by evaporation. In the pre-reactor, the reaction product is concentrated to give a high-viscosity preliminary product. The high-viscosity preliminary product is then fed to the high-viscosity reactor, in which it reacts to completion with simultaneous introduction of thermal and mechanical energy and with a residence time of from 20 s to 60 min to give a polycondensation product.

Method for carrying out polycondensation reactions

The plasticity of ceramic compositions and dispersions can be improved by addition of at least one polymer (I) with recurring succinyl units. This effect can be reversed by addition of a setting accelerator (II); preferred setting accelerators are polymers (II) of the polyalkylenepolyamine type.

Process for improving the plasticity of ceramic composition and for

In a static micromixer a flow guide structure consisting of a stack of foils provided with passages formed into alternate foils so as to extend between a mixing chamber at one end of the flow guide structure and different admission chambers at the opposite end of the flow guide structure, the passages are curved so that they are all parallel at their exit ends adjacent the mixing chamber and, at their entrance ends, the flow guide structure has face areas which are inclined with respect to the exit end face of the flow guide structure at such an angle that the curved passages have all about the same length.

Static micromixer

Polymers having recurring succinyl units are obtained by an improved process by reaction of A, an unsaturated C.sub.4 -dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, with B, a nitrogen-donating compound, in a first reaction step to give a reaction mixture comprising at least one low molecular weight reaction product, and subsequent continuous feeding of the reaction mixture into a continuously operated reactor to give the polymer in a second reaction step. In a further embodiment the invention refers to polymers having recurring succinyl units prepared by reaction of an unsaturated C.sub.4 -dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof with a nitrogen-donating compound in a first reaction step and subsequent feeding of the reaction mixture, without intermediate isolation, into an optionally continuously operated reactor, with removal of water, and treatment of the reaction mixture at a temperature of 140 to 350.degree. C.

Process for the preparation of polymers having recurring agents

The polymers according to the invention with repeating succinyl units additionally contain iminodisuccinate units.

Iminodisuccinate-containing polymers

Method for the mutual chemical and compaction treatment of inorganic

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Hilden, Germany

Thomas Menzel