Shell Oil Comapny

Thomas Joris Remans

Carolus Matthias Anna Maria Mesters

Gerrit Leendert Bezemer

Robert Martijn Van Hardeveld

Erwin Roderick Stobbe

Ingrid Maria Van Vegchel

Jean-Paul Darnanville

Marinus Johannes Reynhout

Alouisius Nicolaas Renée Bos

Hans Michiel Huisman

Laurent Georges Huve

Edward Julius Creyghton

Peter John Van Den Brink

Franciscus Johannes Maria Schrauwen

Eric Duprey

Lip Piang Kueh

Ralph Haswell

Johannes Theodorus Maria Smits

Stephen Nkrumah

Heiko Oosterbeek

Abhijeet Uddhavarao Avhale

Dominik Johannes Michael Unruh

Avhale John Nash

Barend Roeland Vermeer

Maria Barbara Hendrica Van Crijnen-Beers

Carolus Maria Van Ballegoy

Maria Barbara Hendrica Crijnen-Van Beers

Ronald Vladimir Wisman

The invention relates to a method for start-up and operation of a Fischer-Tropsch reactor comprising the steps of: (a) providing a reactor with a fixed bed of reduced Fischer-Tropsch catalyst that comprises cobalt as catalytically active metal; (b) supplying a gaseous feed stream comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen to the reactor, wherein the gaseous feed stream comprises a nitrogen-containing compound other than molecular nitrogen in an initial concentration, wherein the initial concentration in the range of from 10 to 350 ppbv based on the volume of the gaseous feed stream; (c) converting carbon monoxide and hydrogen supplied with the gaseous feed stream to the reactor into hydrocarbons at a reaction temperature and at a set reactor productivity, whilst maintaining the initial concentration of the nitrogen-containing compound and maintaining the set reactor productivity during a first time period by adjusting the reaction temperature; (d) decreasing the concentration of the nitrogen-containing compound to a second concentration in the range of from 0 to 20 ppbv, wherein the second concentration is at least 5 ppbv below the initial concentration, preferably at least 20 ppbv below the initial concentration, and maintaining the reactor productivity by adjusting the reaction temperature.

Method for start-up and operation of a Fischer-Tropsch reactor

A process for facilitating the unloading of a fixed bed of cobalt/metal oxide catalyst particles from a reactor tube by (i) feeding a gas comprising 10 to 30 (vol/vol) percent of oxygen to the reactor tube with a GHSV for oxygen of 0.5 to 50 Nl/l/hr, and (ii) removing the catalyst particles from the reactor tube. In the fixed bed of catalyst particles to which the oxygen comprising gas is fed in step (i) at most 10 mole % of the element cobalt is present in Co3O4 and/or CoO, calculated on the total amount of moles of cobalt in the catalyst particles.

Process for catalyst unloading facilitation

The invention pertains to a reactor tube comprising a fixed bed of Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles, wherein the catalyst particles in 5%-40% of the fixed bed volume at the upstream end have an average outer surface to volume ratio (S/V) of between 3.0 to 4.5 mm-1, and the remaining catalyst particles have an average S/V of between 4.5 to 8.0 mm-1, and wherein the difference between the average S/V of the particles at the upstream end and the remaining fixed bed volume is at least 0.5 mm-1. Additionally the fixed bed volume at the upstream end shows a full-bed apparent catalytic activity per volume unit lower than the full-bed apparent catalytic activity per volume unit in the remaining fixed bed volume and/or the weight of catalytically active metal per weight unit at the upstream end is more than 70% lower than in the remaining fixed bed volume.

Stacked catalyst bed for Fischer-Tropsch

The present invention pertains to a reactor tube comprising a fixed bed of Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles, wherein the catalyst particles in 5% to 40% of the fixed bed volume at the upstream end have an average outer surface to volume ratio (S/V) in the range of between 3.0 to 4.5 mm, and the catalyst particles in the remaining fixed bed volume have an average outer surface to volume ratio (S/V) in the range of between 4.5 to 8.0 mm, and wherein the difference between the average S/V of the particles at the upstream end and the average S/V of the particles in the remaining fixed bed volume is at least 0.5 mm.

The present invention pertains to a process for carrying out a high-speed stop in a Fischer-Tropsch process which comprises providing a feed to a fixed bed reactor comprising a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, the reactor being at reaction temperature and pressure, and withdrawing an effluent from the reactor, wherein the high-speed stop is effected by blocking provision of feed to the reactor and simultaneously blocking the withdrawal of effluent from the reactor.

High-speed stop in Fischer-Tropsch process

A process for the preparation of a packed bed comprising an iron enriched cobalt catalyst for use in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, the process comprising the steps of: (a) providing a packed bed with one or more catalyst particles comprising metallic cobalt; (b) contacting a part of the catalyst particle(s) in the packed bed with an iron containing compound. The process is preferably conducted in situ which conveniently results in an iron containing cobalt catalyst with a higher Cselectivity. In certain preferred embodiments the concentration of iron increases towards the surface of the resulting catalyst particles whereas the cobalt concentration is constant which further increases the selectivity of the catalyst to producing Chydrocarbons.

Fischer-Tropsch catalyst

A process for regenerating a fixed bed of Fischer-Tropsch catalyst particles, of which at least 40 wt % of the catalyst particles have a size of at least 1 mm, in situ in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor tube. The process comprises the steps of: (i) optionally oxidizing the catalyst at a temperature between 200 and 400&#xb0; C.; (ii) oxidizing the catalyst at a temperature above 580&#xb0; C. and below 670&#xb0; C.; and (iii) reducing the catalyst with hydrogen or a hydrogen comprising gas. This process may be preceded by a step in which Fischer-Tropsch product is removed from the catalyst.

Process for regenerating a catalyst

Method to start a steady state process for producing normally gaseous, normally liquid and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas, which process comprises the steps of: (i) providing the synthesis gas; and (ii) catalytically converting the synthesis gas at an elevated temperature and a steady state total reactor pressure to obtain the normally gaseous, normally liquid and optionally normally solid hydrocarbons; the method comprising admixing the synthesis gas of step (i) with one or more inert gases to form an admixture stream prior to catalytically converting the synthesis gas in step (ii) at the steady state total reactor pressure and wherein as the activity of the catalyst converting the synthesis gas proceeds towards a steady state, the amount of inert gas(es) in the admixture stream is reduced.

Method to start a process for producing hydrocarbons from synthesis gas

Method for impregnating a Group VIII metal on a molecular sieve&#x2014;binder extrudate wherein the binder comprises a low acidity refractory oxide binder material, which is essentially free of alumina, by

Method for impregnation of molecular sieve&#x2014;binder extrudates

Method for preparing a catalyst

Method for impregnation of molecular sieve-binder extrudates

The invention relates to a process for the catalytic dewaxing of a hydrocarbon feed containing waxy molecules by contacting the hydrocarbon feed under catalytic dewaxing conditions with a catalyst composition having metallosilicate crystallites, a binder and a hydrogenation component, wherein the weight ratio of the metallosilicate crystallites and the binder is between 5:95 and 35:65. The invention also relates to a catalyst composition having at least a low acidity refractory oxide binder, which binder is essentially free of aluminum, metallosilicate crystallites and a hydrogenation component, wherein the weight ratio of the metallosilicate crystallites and the binder is between 5:95 and 35:65.

Catalytic dewaxing process

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Amsterdam, Netherlands

Thomas Joris Remans