Energy Development Associates

Thomas G Hart

When halogen is bubbled into a body of water in the presence of catalysts of graphitized carbon, ruthenised titanium, platinised titanium or mixtures thereof, hydrohalic acid is formed at higher concentrations than obtained by water by itself.

Catalytically increasing the obtainable concentration of halogen in water

Halogen and hydrohalic acid are transferred and purified in an auxiliary electrochemical cell divided into two compartments by a permselective membrane, one compartment containing a low chlorine oxidation overvoltage electrode and the other compartment containing a low chlorine reduction overvoltage electrode.

Transference and purification of halogen and hydrohalic acid in an

A method of forming hydrogen by electrolysis in a cell containing a hydrohalic acid produced from a reaction process using carbon particles as an input energy source wherein the acid for electrolysis is produced by reacting the electrolysis separated halogen with water and carbon particles in a reaction area communicated with the electrolysis cell. The reaction can also be made in the presence of a catalyst.

Method of forming hydrogen

A method for the useful storage of electrical energy is described in which an electrochemical cell employing a halide electrolyte and an ungraphitized carbon positive electrode is charged at a voltage substantially below the conventional decomposition voltage required to produce free halogen from the selected electrolyte. An unidentified chemical complex is formed and stored at the positive electrode, and the positive electrode may thereafter be employed as an electrical energy source in a primary or secondary battery.

Method of storing electrical energy

An electrochemical system comprising a housing containing at least two electrodes, a reservoir having flexible walls, conduit means connecting said housing and said reservoir, and means to circulate electrolyte between said housing and said reservoir is disclosed.

Electrochemical system

A HCl electrochemical energy storage system comprises a cell having therein an aqueous HCl electrolyte in which at least a portion of the HCl is present in disassociated form and an electrode of ungraphitised carbon, and communicating with said cell, at least one member of the group of means for storing hydrogen and means for storing chlorine, said means for storing hydrogen comprising graphitised carbon, and said means for storing chlorine comprising ungraphitised carbon.

Hydrogen/chlorine electrochemical energy storage system

The chlorine overvoltage of carbon and graphite electrodes is considerably and permanently decreased by treatment of the electrodes with nitric acid. The treatment also causes an apparently permanent decrease in the amount of oxygen produced at the electrode coincident with the chlorine generation.

Reduction of electrode overvoltage

A gas phase free, liquid chlorine electrochemical system and apparatus therefore are described in which the housing containing the electrodes is filled with sufficient electrolyte so that the pressure therein is sufficient to liquify the chlorine as it is generated.

Gas phase free liquid chlorine electrochemical systems

Hollow rod-shaped porous zinc electrodes are employed in a rechargeable zinc-chloride battery to decrease the possibility of shorting within the battery, to decrease hydrogen evolution and to increase the efficiency of the battery. Dechlorinated electrolyte is flowed through the Zn electrode and Zn deposit thereon so as to avoid black zinc at low current density and increase the efficiency of the battery.

Electrode for a zinc-chloride battery and batteries containing the same

A system which permits self-generating halogen liquifaction in a rechargeable battery and apparatus for use in that system are disclosed. The system includes the use of separate electrolyte flows for the metal electrode and halogen electrode, the electrolyte being separated by a permselective membrane, and a halogen gas accumulator which communicates with the halogen gas being generated at the halogen electrode.

Self-generating halogen liquification in a secondary battery

A two-stage electrolyte circulation system for a multi-cell battery in which a large pump distributes the electrolyte through hydraulically driven circulators to the individual cells.

Growing community of inventors

Royal Oak, MI, United States of America

Thomas G Hart