US Government As Represented by the Secretary of the Army

Other

Exogen, Inc.

Speed Products, Inc.

Thomas E Koscica

Richard W Babbitt

William C Drach

Louis J Jasper, Jr

Maurice Weiner

Anderson H Kim

Robert J Youmans

Adam Rachlin

Jian H Zhao

Bruce J Liban

Richard A Stern

Roger J Talish

William D Wilber

Roland Cadotte, Jr

Robert A Lux

James F Harvey

Alan A Winder

Hong-Liang Cui

Emery Rose

David L Rhodes

Alan C Samuels

William R Loerop

Leo D Didomenico

Janet L Jensen

Duc Huynh

James O Jensen

Dwight Woolard

Dale M DiDomenico

Harry Salem

Dale M Didomenico

Michael Tadross

Methods and apparatus for measuring the millimeter or submillimeter wave absorption spectra in a sample of DNA molecules are provided.

Methods and apparatus for detecting lesion-induced resonances in deoxyribonucleic acid via millimeter or submillimeter wave spectroscopy

A controller for driving an ultrasonic transducer is disclosed and includes a processor, responsive to a feedback signal, for generating control signals to an output driver which is responsive to the control signals, to cause the ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasound having a power level corresponding to the control signal. The controller is preferably attached to a sensing circuit to determine the amount of ultrasound conductive gel associated with the ultrasonic transducer, and for generating the feedback signal therefrom. The controller includes data logging capabilities to record treatment data and prevent unnecessary extended treatment. The controller creates an environment for safer ultrasonic self-treatment by patients. The microprocessor used in the controller can be used to warn of a low battery condition or insufficient amount of ultrasound conducting gel. It can limit the usage of the transducer to prevent over treatment by comparing use data with acceptable limits and disabling the transducer if the limits have been exceeded. The device is contemplated to be portable for ease of transport by patients.

Ultrasonic treatment controller including gel sensing circuit

A radar system has a transceiver and a ferroelectric phased array antenna. The antenna includes a plurality of radiating elements each connected to a ferroelectric phase shifter. The transceiver and the phase shifters are coupled for conveyance of radio frequency signals therebetween. A beam control computer calculates phase shifter control voltages which are applied to a beam correction computer. A temperature sensor is coupled to each phase shifter to provide feedback temperature values to the beam correction computer. A data table in the beam correction computer provides phase shifter correction voltages as a function of control voltage amplitudes and temperature values. The beam correction computer uses the data table in determining temperature corrected phase shifter control voltages which are applied to the associated phase shifters.

Radar system having a ferroelectric phased array antenna operating with accurate, automatic environment-calibrated, electronic beam steering

A traveling array antenna which operates at microwave/millimeter frequencies is disclosed in which a like number of radiator elements are arranged in two mirror image branches, an RF signal feed is fed through a 180 degree compensating power splitter to each branch of the antenna array, each of the radiator elements includes an impedance matching transformer connected at its input side and in which a radiator terminating patch is connected to the end of each of the two mirror image branches.

High performance traveling wave antenna for microwave and millimeter

A Doppler radar speed measuring module, that is self-contained and handheld, is fabricated on a multilayer PCB (printed circuit board) containing at least one antenna array and electronic circuitry. In one embodiment the antenna array is located on a top side and electronic circuitry is located on a bottom side opposite the antenna, with a ground plane layer sandwiched between the antenna array and the circuitry. The electronic circuitry includes a dielectric resonator stabilized oscillator, a microwave amplifier, a microwave mixer, a microwave coupler, voltage regulators, mechanical switches, and a display to indicate the measured speed of a moving target. The oscillator generates a very stable microwave signal which is split with part of the signal fed to a mixer and part fed to a transmit antenna. In one embodiment plated through vias electrically connect the two sides together. A transmitted signal reflects off of a moving target and is received by a receive antenna. The receive signal is electrically conducted from the receive antenna to the opposite side by plated through vias and is mixed with the oscillator signal to produce a low frequency Doppler beat signal. The Doppler signal is amplified, filtered and digitized by the A/D. A microcontroller is programmed to determine the moving target speed from the Doppler signal frequency, and drive a display to show the result.

Doppler radar speed measuring unit

An antenna system is described having a plurality of elements, one of which is an active element for transmitting or receiving signal, the remaining lements acting as reflectors, and wherein the elements may be comprised of a series of diodes connected in series with conductors having a length that is a fraction of the wavelength of the design frequency. When its diodes are biased for conduction, an element can radiate or receive r.f. signals or act as a reflector, and when its diodes are not conducting, the element is transparent to r.f. of the design frequency.

Azimuth steerable antenna

An antenna array is described in which a feed line that is formed by metal atterns on opposite sides of a circuit board has a plurality of pairs of adjoining quarter wave resonant sections formed by different widths of the patterns and dipoles respectively coupled to the junctions of the pairs of quarter wave sections. The proximity between dipole elements and the feed line is sufficiently close to enable a nearly symmetric azimuthal antenna beam pattern. Each dipole further uses capacitive compensation at its center to balance the capacitive loading with the closely spaced feed line.

Simplified stacked dipole antenna

Telecommunication systems and methods for driving a phased-array antenna ing a plurality of spaced antenna elements that radiate and receive a beam of radio frequency signals. Each of a plurality of ferroelectric phase shifters connect to a different one of the antenna elements. A signal processor system, having a receiver and a frequency synthesizer communicates with the phase shifters under the control of a data processor system. A joystick connects to the data processor system for permitting manual input of beam steering information thereto. The data processor system responds to the joystick inputs by controlling the relative phase shifts of the signals propagating in the ferroelectric phase shifters. The system further includes a temperature sensor circuit for sensing the temperature of each of the ferroelectric phase shifters. This temperature sensor circuit connects to the data processor system for inputting temperature information that the data processor system uses to calculate calibration error factors. The data processor system uses the joystick inputs and the calibration error factors to apply concurrent calibrated analog control voltages to the ferroelectric phase shifters for controlling their relative phase shifts. The joystick permits an operator to manually control the position of the beam in real time, or to effect automatic beam scanning and control the scanning rate.

Temperature calibration system for a ferroelectric phase shifting array

A voltage-variable ceramic capacitance device which has a plurality of las in a matching lattice structure and which possesses a symmetric voltage characteristic and a determinable voltage breakdown and has a high resistance to overbiasing or reverse biasing from an applied voltage. The device consists of a carrier substrate layer, a high temperature superconducting metallic layer deposited on the substrate, a thin film ferroelectric deposited on the metallic layer, and a plurality of metallic conductive means disposed on the thin film ferroelectric which are placed in electrical contact with RF transmission lines in tuning devices. The voltage breakdown of the device is easily designed by selecting the appropriate thickness of the ceramic, thus enabling a highly capacitive device that can be placed in a position of maximum standing wave voltage in a tuning circuit or tuning mechanism to provide a maximum effect on tunability, especially in high power applications, based on the changes in dielectric constant of the device.

Thin film ferroelectric varactor

A ferroelectric phase shifting antenna array consists of a plurality of lrally spaced antenna patches which have respective ferroelectric components abutting an edge of each patch at a near central location on the edge to provide impedance matching. DC control power lines are connected to the center voltage null position of the resonant mode of the antenna patch. An Rf source is connected to the other ends of the ferroelectric components through quarter wave coupled lines which provides simultaneous impedance matching and DC isolation.

Ferroelectric phase shifting antenna array

A heterostructure semiconductor device having source and drain electrodes sistively coupled to opposite ends of a channel, a barrier layer on one side of the channel, a delta doped layer in the channel or within a given distance of it, a gate electrode on the barrier so as to form a Schottky diode and at least one collector electrode mounted on said barrier layer. The collector electrode or electrodes can be resistively coupled to the barrier layer, but preferably the coupling is such as to form a Schottky diode. Changes to the gate bias affect the source current through the field effect mechanism. The collector current depends on the transfer of heated, energized carriers out of the channel over the front heterobarrier. At low gate bias, electrons entering the source travel to the drain while none travel to the collector. Energized carriers are localized to the depletion region due its high electric field drop. At an intermediate gate bias, source current is increased and the voltage drop along the channel shifts more toward the region below the collector. Some heated carriers are then present at the collector's barrier and transfer out of the channel to the collector. At high bias, carrier heating in the channel causes a large fraction of electrons from the source to transfer to the collector. With a rising gate voltage the drain current goes through a smooth peaking and reduction while the collector current rises monotonically.

Field effect real space transistor

A phase shifter having a single or monolithic ferroelectric material and a lurality of ferroelectric transmission lines formed thereon, each having a different effective physical length and associated delay or phase shift. The plurality of different lengths of ferroelectric transmission lines has a voltage source associated therewith for applying a predetermined bias voltage, resulting in a change in permitivity in the ferroelectric substrate material. The different lengths of ferroelectric transmission line formed on the single substrate have a predetermined relationship between their effective physical linear lengths. By selectively activating the different lengths of ferroelectric transmission line by applying a bias voltage in different combinations, a desired or predetermined phase shift is obtained. The single or monolithic ferroelectric substrate used greatly reduces the overall length of the ferroelectric phase shifter. Additionally, less complex drive circuits are needed relative to analog type ferroelectric phase shifters.

Single substrate planar digital ferroelectric phase shifter

A high voltage direct current power supply having feedback control and a tection circuit for maintaining a controlled, stabilized output voltage. An oscillator is coupled to a transformer which in turn is coupled to a voltage multiplier. A feedback control is coupled to the transformer and the voltage multiplier which provides feedback to the transformer for maintaining an accurate, stable output voltage. Coupled to the feedback control is a protection circuit which prevents the output voltage from exceeding a predetermined output voltage. Additionally, the protection circuit shuts down the power supply if a short circuit occurs at the output. In one embodiment, the voltage multiplier is comprised of a plurality of voltage doubler diode and capacitor pairs. The feedback control is comprised of a comparitor and a buffer which drives a transistor coupled to the primary of the transformer, which acts as a feedback loop. The protection circuit includes a J-K flip-flop.

High voltage direct current power supply with feedback control and

A system that provides an automated simultaneous measurement of the electal characteristics of a ferromagnetic material as a function of temperature and electric potential. The system utilizes a personal computer that interfaces with a DUT fixture through an interface measuring circuit that provides a means for remote control of the measurement process and insures a more timely and less manually intensive measuring process. The interface measuring circuit is composed of a temperature measuring circuit for measuring the temperature applied to the DUT, a capacitor measuring circuit for measuring the electric potential applied to the DUT, a high voltage power supply, a temperature plate power supply, a high voltage power supply driver, a digital voltage meter (DVM), and a DVM multiplexer. The system can utilize a humidity-free 'dry' chamber (i.e. a desiccation chamber) to insure that the measurements of the DUT are reliable and accurate.

Low cost automated system for evaluating the electrical characteristics

A ferroelectric phase shifter for shifting the phase of a radio frequency F) signal. The phase shifter includes a conductor line, a ground plane and a ferroelectric element between the conductor line and the ground plane to form a microstrip circuit through which the RF signal propagates. The ferroelectric element has a dielectric constant that can be varied as a function of a DC voltage applied to the ferroelectric element wherein the speed of the RF signal propagating through the ferroelectric element is a function of the dielectric constant. The phase shifter further includes a DC voltage source connected across the conductor line and the ground plane. The DC voltage source applies a variable DC voltage to the ferroelectric element in response to a control signal thereby to vary the dielectric constant of the ferroelectric element. The phase shifter further includes a controller circuit operating at a test frequency having a synchronous detector for detecting changes in the dielectric constant of the ferroelectric element. The controller circuit provides the control signal to the DC voltage source to vary the applied DC voltage as a function of the detected changes. In this manner, changes in the dielectric constant over time are compensated for and the phase shift is maintained substantially constant.

Growing community of inventors

Clark, NJ, United States of America

Thomas E Koscica