Harvard College

Thomas Doyle

Donald Elliot Ingber

Michael Super

Alexander L Watters

Daniel C Leslie

Anna Waterhouse

Melissa Rodas

This disclosure provides, e.g., methods for coupling Formation of Surface Carboxylates on PES an entity to a solid substrate. The method can comprise treating the with Exposure Time substrate with a plasma, e.g., a CO2 plasma, to increase its reactivity. The entity can be, e.g., a biological polymer that binds a microbe. Substrates produced by these methods can be used in a variety of applications, including hemodialysis and diagnostic assays.

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Boston, MA, United States of America

Thomas Doyle