The Gillette Company

Duracell U.S. Operations, Inc.

The Procter Gamble Company

Thomas C Richards

Paul Albert Christian

Stuart Michael Davis

Jennifer Anne Nelson

David Lloyd Anglin

Robert John Pavlinsky

David L Pappas

Yelena Kouznetsova

Oleg Podoprigora

Boris Makovetski

Sathya Motupally

Jonathan O'Neill

William J Wandeloski

G Steven Kelsey

William L Bowden

Peter R Moses

Andrew G Gilicinski

Jonathan Boulton

Charles E O'Brien

Mariarosa Brundu

Zhiping Jiang

Kirakodu S Nanjundaswamy

George M Cintra

Fan Zhang

Richard Edward Durkot

Javit A Drake

C Robert Parent

Gary A Miller

Yali Tang

The invention is directed towards a battery. The battery includes a cathode, an anode, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a conductive additive and an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrochemically active cathode material includes a beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide. The beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has a chemical formula. The chemical formula is LiANiMO·nHO where x is from about 0.02 to about 0.20; y is from about 0.03 to about 0.20; a is from about 0 to about 0.2; z is from about 0 to about 0.2; and n is from about 0 to about 1. Within the chemical formula, A is an alkali metal. The alkali metal includes potassium, rubidium, cesium, and any combination thereof. Within the chemical formula, M comprises an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a non-transition metal, and any combination thereof. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The electrochemically active anode material includes zinc, zinc alloy, and any combination thereof.

Battery including beta-delithiated layered nickle oxide electrochemically active cathode material

The invention is directed towards an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrochemically active cathode includes beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide and an electrochemically active cathode material selected from the group consisting of manganese oxide, manganese dioxide, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), chemical manganese dioxide (CMD), high power electrolytic manganese dioxide (HP EMD), lambda manganese dioxide, gamma manganese dioxide, beta manganese dioxide, and mixtures thereof. The beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has an X-ray diffraction pattern. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide includes a first peak from about 14.9&#xb0;2&#x3b8; to about 16.0&#xb0;2&#x3b8;; a second peak from about 21.3&#xb0;2&#x3b8; to about 22.7&#xb0;2&#x3b8;; a third peak from about 37.1&#xb0;2&#x3b8; to about 37.4&#xb0;2&#x3b8;; a fourth peak from about 43.2&#xb0;2&#x3b8; to about 44.0&#xb0;2&#x3b8;; a fifth peak from about 59.6&#xb0;2&#x3b8; to about 60.6&#xb0;2&#x3b8;; and a sixth peak from about 65.4&#xb0;2&#x3b8; to about 65.9&#xb0;2&#x3b8;.

Beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide electrochemically active cathode material and a battery including said material

The invention is directed towards a battery. The battery includes a cathode, an anode, a separator between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte. The cathode includes a conductive additive and an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrochemically active cathode material includes a beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide. The beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has a chemical formula. The chemical formula is LiANiMO.nHO where x is from about 0.02 to about 0.20; y is from about 0.03 to about 0.20; a is from about 0 to about 0.2; z is from about 0 to about 0.2; and n is from about 0 to about 1. Within the chemical formula, A is an alkali metal. The alkali metal includes potassium, rubidium, cesium, and any combination thereof. Within the chemical formula, M comprises an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a non-transition metal, and any combination thereof. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The electrochemically active anode material includes zinc, zinc alloy, and any combination thereof.

The invention is directed towards an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrochemically active cathode includes beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide and an electrochemically active cathode material selected from the group consisting of manganese oxide, manganese dioxide, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), chemical manganese dioxide (CMD), high power electrolytic manganese dioxide (HP EMD), lambda manganese dioxide, gamma manganese dioxide, beta manganese dioxide, and mixtures thereof. The beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has an X-ray diffraction pattern. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide includes a first peak from about 14.9&#xb0; 2&#x3b8; to about 16.0&#xb0; 2&#x3b8;; a second peak from about 21.3&#xb0; 2&#x3b8; to about 22.7&#xb0; 2&#x3b8;; a third peak from about 37.1&#xb0; 2&#x3b8; to about 37.4&#xb0; 2&#x3b8;; a fourth peak from about 43.2&#xb0; 2&#x3b8; to about 44.0&#xb0; 2&#x3b8;; a fifth peak from about 59.6&#xb0; 2&#x3b8; to about 60.6&#xb0; 2&#x3b8;; and a sixth peak from about 65.4&#xb0; 2&#x3b8; to about 65.9&#xb0; 2&#x3b8;.

A primary alkaline battery includes a cathode having an alkali-deficient nickel (IV)-containing oxide including metals such as Ni, Co, Mg, Al, Ca, Y, Mn, and/or non-metals such as B, Si, Ge or a combination of metal and/or non-metal ions as stabilizing dopants; a combination of metal ions as dopants; an anode; a separator between the cathode and the anode; and an alkaline electrolyte. The battery can be pre-discharged within one hour after assembly to decrease the open circuit voltage.

Metal-doped nickel oxide active materials

A battery includes a housing, an anode and a cathode within the housing, the anode having a first portion and a second portion adjacent to each other, a current collector at least partially disposed in the anode, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an anode portion separator at least partially disposed in the anode and between the first and second portions of the anode.

Batteries having multiple anode portions

Battery cartridges are disclosed that include a housing having a plurality of air access openings configured to selectively control flow of air into the housing; and at least two adjacent metal-air electrochemical cells within the housing, each electrochemical cell having an outer gas permeable barrier membrane layer that defines the exterior surface of the electrochemical cell; wherein there is a gap between adjacent electrochemical cells in the housing and wherein the air access openings in the housing are positioned over or partially overlapping each gap.

Battery cartridges

A wafer alkaline cell of a laminar structure is disclosed. The cell has a pair of opposing sides comprising at least the majority of the boundary surface of said cell and defining a short cell dimension therebetween. The cell comprises an anode assembly and a cathode assembly bonded together to form a laminate structure. The cell comprises preferably two separate plastic frames housing the anode and cathode material. The anode current collector may be precoated with a sealing metal forming an alkaline resistant metal oxide film to improve bonding to the frame. The anode assembly has an anode material therein typically comprising zinc and the cathode assembly has a cathode material therein typically comprising manganese dioxide. The cell is durable and preferably rigid, has elongated leak block paths, and resists electrolyte leakage.

Wafer alkaline cell

A wafer alkaline cell of a laminar structure is disclosed. The cell comprises an anode assembly and a cathode assembly bonded together to form a laminate structure. There may be one and desirably two anode frames securing an anode current collector sheet sandwiched therebetween. There may be a cathode frame bonded to the anode frames. There is an anode current collector sheet within the anode assembly. There is a cathode current collector sheet, optionally with an attached metal mesh embedded within the cathode assembly to assure good electrical contact with the cathode. Alternatively, a cathode endplate with spring action is employed which can move in response to changes of volume or pressure within the cathode, thereby maintaining good contact. The anode current collector may be precoated with a sealing metal forming an alkaline resistant metal oxide film to improve bonding to the frame. The cell is durable and preferably rigid and resists electrolyte leakage.

A battery includes a battery can housing an cell that supplies electrical energy at terminals of the cell by an electro-chemical reaction with oxygen, the can including, a first member having at least one hole that is exposed to air; and a second member. The battery also includes a mechanism coupled to one of the first and second members to move the one of the first and second members such that when current is drawn from the battery, the opening in the member allows air to pass into the battery, and to move the one of the first and second members such that when current is not drawn from the battery, the opening in the member is not in registration to inhibit air to pass into the battery. The battery also includes a circuit to control the mechanism. In one embodiment the circuit monitors levels of Oin a air plenum that surrounds the cell. The circuit to monitor levels of Oin the air plenum includes a florescent detector/sensor that senses and responds to changes in Oin the plenum by using the 'quenching effect' of oxygen on a fluorescent material.

Battery

A battery includes a cathode having an interior surface and an exterior surface, and defining a cavity and two open ends; a separator disposed adjacent to the interior surface of the cathode; an anode disposed adjacent to the separator and inside the cavity; an air-permeable, liquid-impermeable barrier layer disposed adjacent to the exterior surface of the cathode, and defining an exterior surface of the battery; two end members connected to the open ends of the cathode; and an anode current collector extending through the two end members. Methods designed such a battery is also disclosed.

Batteries and battery systems

A method of forming an anode comprising zinc for an alkaline cell. The method involves mixing zinc particles with binders including preferably polyvinylalcohol, surfactant and water to form a wet paste. The wet paste is molded into the near shape of the cell's anode cavity and then heated to evaporate water. A solid porous zinc mass is formed having microscopic void spaces between the zinc particles. The solid mass can be inserted into the cell's anode cavity and aqueous alkaline electrolyte, preferably comprising potassium hydroxide, then added. The solid mass absorbs the aqueous electrolyte and expands to fill the anode cavity to form the final fresh anode. Zinc fibers may be added to increase the structural integrity of the solid mass.

Alkaline cell with improved anode

A non-hermetically sealed, electrochemical power source, includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a membrane in fluid communication with an environment external to the battery. The second electrode is between the separator and the membrane. The membrane includes a first portion having a different property, e.g., density, porosity, mass transport resistance, thickness, or gas permeability, than a second portion of the membrane. Methods of designing an electrochemical cell cartridge are also disclosed.

Particulate MnO, having simultaneously a micropore surface area greater than 8.0 m/g, desirably between about 8.0 and 13 m/g and BET surface area of between about 20 and 31 m/g within the context of an MnOhaving a total intraparticle porosity of between about 0.035 cm/g and 0.06 cm/g produces enhanced performance when employed as cathode active material in an electrochemical cell, particularly an alkaline cell. The average pore radius of the meso and macro pores within the MnO(meso-macro pore radius) is desirably greater than 32 Angstrom.

Growing community of inventors

Framingham, MA, United States of America

Thomas C Richards