Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.

Tetsuya Toshine

Kenji Ueda

Hiroshi Ikuno

Tetsuro Suzuki

Hiroyuki Otaki

Tomoyuki Shimada

Nozomu Tamoto

Hidetoshi Kami

Naohiro Toda

Tomoharu Asano

Hiroyuki Ohtaki

Kazuhiro Egawa

Toshihiro Ishida

Takafumi Iwamoto

Hiroshi Tamura

Chiaki Tanaka

Yuuji Tanaka

Yohta Sakon

Yoshiki Yanagawa

Masahiro Ohmori

Yukio Fujiwara

Michio Kimura

Mikiko Hojo

Satoshi Shioda

Hiromi Tada

Yoshinori Inaba

Kazukiyo Nagai

Toshio Yoshihara

Seiji Sarayama

Yoshiaki Kawasaki

Keisuke Shimoyama

Masanobu Gondoh

Naomichi Kanei

Shinji Nohsho

Kaori Toyama

Shohei Gohda

Yasuhito Kuboshima

Mitsuaki Hirose

Minoru Azakami

Toru Nishioka

Daisuke Kubo

Suzuka Nozoe

Fumiko Noujima

Nobuya Mori

Hirotada Ohkawa

Atsushi Umezawa

Akihiro Mizumura

Provided is a photoelectric conversion device including: a support; a charge-transporting layer including an organic charge-transporting material or a sensitizing dye electrode layer including an organic sensitizing dye, where the charge-transporting layer or the sensitizing dye electrode layer is disposed on the support; and a ceramic film disposed on the charge-transporting layer or the sensitizing dye electrode layer.

Photoelectric conversion device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

Provided is an electrophotographic photoconductor including: a conductive support; an undercoat layer; and a photoconductive layer, wherein the undercoat layer and the photoconductive layer are provided over the conductive support in the order of reciting, wherein the undercoat layer contains at least metal oxide particles, a binder, and a salicylic acid derivative such as 4-methylsalicylic acid, wherein the metal oxide particles have a volume resistivity of 1&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm or higher but 1&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm or lower, wherein the undercoat layer has a volume resistivity of 0.001&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm or higher but 0.02&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm or lower, and wherein the undercoat layer has a thickness of 2 micrometers or greater but 20 micrometers or less.

Electrophotographic photoconductor, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge

An electrophotographic photoconductor, including: an electroconductive substrate; and at least a photoconductive layer and a surface layer in this order over the electroconductive substrate, wherein the surface layer includes a resin having no charge transport properties, and first inorganic fine particles, and wherein the first inorganic fine particles are inorganic fine particles having surfaces modified with at least one of a primary amino group and a secondary amino group, and a volume resistivity of the first inorganic fine particles is 1&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm or less.

An image forming apparatus, which contains: an image bearing member; a charging unit; an exposing unit; a developing unit; a transferring unit; and a cleaning unit, wherein the image bearing member contains an electrically conductive support, a photoconductive layer formed on the electrically conductive support, and a surface layer containing a binder resin and particles formed on a surface of the photoconductive layer, or contains the electrically conductive support, and the photoconductive layer formed on the electrically conductive support, wherein the cleaning unit contains a cleaning blade, which contains a cured composition containing a curing agent in a region of the cleaning blade, which is to be in contact with the image bearing member, and wherein the curing agent contains a polycyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and a (meth)acryloyloxy group.

Image forming apparatus and process cartridge including a cleaning blade which includes a cured composition

An electrophotographic photoreceptor, including an electroconductive substrate; a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive substrate; and a surface layer overlying the photosensitive layer, wherein the surface layer includes a resin having no charge transportability; and an inorganic particulate material, wherein the inorganic particulate material is a zinc oxide doped with a boron group, and wherein the electrophotographic photoreceptor has a surface specific resistivity (R1) not less than 10&#x3a9;/cmwhen the surface layer has an electric field intensity of 1&#xd7;10V/cm, and a ratio (R1/R15) of the surface specific resistivity (R1) to a surface specific resistivity (R15) when the surface layer has an electric field intensity of 1.5&#xd7;10V/cm of from 100 to 5,000.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, image forming apparatus and process cartridge

An image forming apparatus including at least a photoreceptor; and a cleaning blade formed of a strip-shaped elastic blade to contact an edge line to the surface of the photoreceptor, wherein the photoreceptor includes a surface layer comprising a particulate material, and the edge line of the cleaning blade includes a substrate of the elastic blade; a mixed layer having a thickness not less than 1.0 &#x3bc;m, formed of the substrate and at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, located at the surface of the substrate; and a surface layer having a thickness not less than 0.1 &#x3bc;m, formed of at least one of an acrylic resin and a methacrylic resin, located on the surface of the substrate.

Image forming apparatus and process cartridge

An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member having a surface layer A having a surface hardness of 200 N/mmor greater, the surface layer A containing fillers made of a metal oxide and a cleaning blade having a reed-like elastic blade having a front edge portion to remove toner from the surface layer A in motion while the front edge portion is in contact with the surface layer A, the front edge portion having a laminate structure formed of a substrate of the elastic blade, a mixed layer of the substrate and an acrylic and/or methacrylic resin, the mixed layer having a thickness of 1.0 &#x3bc;m or greater, and a surface layer B having an acrylic and/or methacrylic resin, the surface layer B having a thickness of 0.1 &#x3bc;m or greater.

An image bearing member having an electroconductive substrate, a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive layer, and a cross-linked surface layer overlying the photosensitive layer, which contains a cross-linked polymer and a first compound consisting essentially of a nitrogen atom and a phenyl group, biphenyl group, and condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon group, or a second compound consisting essentially of a nitrogen atom and hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, alkyl groups, alkoxy groups, or aryl groups, substituted or non-substituted alkyl groups, substituted or non-substituted alkoxy groups, substituted or non-substituted aralkyl groups, substituted or non-substituted aryl group, substituted or non-substituted alkylene groups, cyano groups, nitro groups, or &#x2014;OCO&#x2550;CHR16, in which R16 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, a substituted or non-substituted alkoxy group, or a substituted or non-substituted aryl group.

Image bearing member and image forming method, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge using the same

The present invention provides an electrophotographic photoconductor having a support, at least an intermediate layer, and a photosensitive layer, the intermediate layer and photosensitive layer being laid in this order over the support, wherein the intermediate layer comprises an amorphous oxide semiconductor.

A photoreceptor includes a conductive support body, an intermediate layer, and a photosensitive layer. The intermediate layer is made of gallium nitride (GaN) crystals having electron affinity greater than that of the photosensitive layer and formed between and in contact with the conductive support body and the photosensitive layer. The photosensitive layer is composed of either a single layer type photosensitive layer or a laminated type photosensitive layer.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, image forming method using electrophotographic photoreceptor, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge for image forming apparatus

An image bearing member including a substrate, a photosensitive layer, provided overlying the substrate and a cross linking charge transport layer provided overlying the photosensitive layer, wherein the area of the photosensitive layer which is most distant from the substrate contains a charge transport material, a binder resin and a filler.

Image bearing member, image forming method, and image forming apparatus

A method for preparing a photoreceptor including forming a photosensitive layer overlying an electroconductive substrate; coating a liquid including a radically polymerizable compound to form a protective layer; irradiating the protective layer with light to crosslink the protective layer; and then contacting the protective layer with a fluid, which is selected from the group consisting of supercritical fluids and subcritical fluids and which includes a charge transport material. A photoreceptor prepared by the method. An image forming method, an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge using the photoreceptor.

Method for preparing photoreceptor, photoreceptor prepared by the method, and image forming method and apparatus and process cartridge using the photoreceptor

The present invention provides an electrophotographic photoconductor capable of reducing latent electrostatic image stability defects caused by adhesion/adsorption of an electric discharge product formed by a charger in an image forming process, degradation of charge transportability and cleaning defects caused when removing a residual toner. The electrophotographic photoconductor has a conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer which contains at least a binder, a charge generating material and a charge transporting material and is formed on the substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains an injection material composed of at least any one of one wax selected from paraffin waxes, Fisher-Tropsh waxes, polyolefin waxes and a polyorganosiloxane compound in an area from the surface of the photosensitive layer to 50% of the thickness thereof in the thickness direction of the electrophotographic photoconductor, and the content of the injection material is 3% by mass or more to the content of the binder.

Electrophotographic photoconductor, method for producing the same, image forming process, image forming apparatus and process cartridge

A preferred aspect of an electrophotographic photoconductor of the present invention contains a layer containing a hardened material which is prepared by polymerizing (A) a chain-polymerizable group-containing tertiary amine compound in which at least one alkyl group is bound to a nitrogen atom constituting an amine structure through chain polymerization. Another preferred aspect of the electrophotographic photoconductor contains a layer containing a hardened material which is prepared by polymerizing the (A) component, and (B) a chain-polymerizable charge transporting compound through chain polymerization. Still another preferred aspect of the electrophotographic photoconductor contains a layer containing a hardened material which is prepared by polymerizing the (A) component, (B) the chain-polymerizable charge transporting compound, and (C) a trifunctional or more chain-polymerizable compound through chain polymerization.

Electrophotographic photoconductor, image forming method, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge

An image bearing member is provided, including a substrate and a surface layer formed by optically curing at least a radical polymerizable compound with a charge transport structure and a radical polymerizable monomer without a charge transport structure, wherein the transmission factor of the surface layer for light having a wavelength by 25 nm longer than an absorption end wavelength of photo-absorption spectrum of the surface layer prior to optical curing is not less than 65%.

Image bearing member, and image forming apparatus and process cartridge using the same

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Numazu, Japan

Tetsuya Toshine