Toth Aluminum Corporation

Altalanos Iparfejlesztesi Rt.

Vizepitooipari Troszt

Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia Termeszettudomanyi Kutato Laboratorium

Foldmero Es Talajvizsgalo Vallalat

Mta Termeszettudomanyi Kutato Laboratoriumai

Tamas Szekely

Gabor Nagy

Janos Szepvolgyi

Oszkar Libor

Oszkar Borlai

Aurel Ujhidy

Karoly Polinszky

Erno Nemecz

Laszlo Kapolyi

Szilard Riederauer

Andras Gal

Ferenc Csanda

Gyozo Czerny

Laszlone Szabo

Zoltan Saghi

Jeno Kiss

Tibor Muller

Kalman Kazareczki

Rudolf Mester

Andras Danko

The present invention relates to a method for producing a closing layer which improves the water and nutrient retention of soils, particularly of sandy soils, characterized in that a layer of clay mineral/polymer gel capable of binding and releasing water in a reversible manner is introduced into the soil, preferably 20-60 cm below the soil surface, in such a way that a clay mineral is reacted either before or after or during activation in the presence of water, with 0.5-30% by weight, calculated for the weight of the clay mineral, of one or more water-soluble polymer capable of reacting with the clay mineral, the water content of the resulting gel is adjusted either before or after or during the reaction to a value at which the resistance of medium of the gel is at least three times higher than that of a polymer-free suspension containing the same amount of the clay mineral, if a non-activated clay mineral has been applied as starting substance, the clay mineral is activated with an alkaline activating agent after reacting it with the polymer, and, if desired, further amounts of a water-soluble polymer, one or more water-insoluble swelling xerogel capable of at least 100% water uptake and forming swollen particles less than 1 mm in diameter and/or one or more chemical for agricultural use, preferably a plant nutrient, a fungicidal substance acting against soil-borne fungi and/or a plant growth increasing substance, is added to the gel either before or after or during the reaction with the polymer, and/or, if desired, the gel and the non-reacted polymer molecules are cross-linked with an aldehyde, and finally the thus-formed gel layer is covered with a soil layer.

Method for producing a barrier layer in soil

A method is disclosed for improving the strength and impermeability of soils or engineering structures, which comprises the steps of:

Method for improving the strength and impermeability of soils and

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of clay mineral-containing gels with stabilized structure and reversible water absorption ability. According to the invention an aqueous suspension containing a thixotropic, activated, swelling clay mineral of three-layer structure and/or a swelling chain silicate is treated with a water soluble polymer capable of reacting with the clay mineral and/or chain silicate, the clay mineral:polymer:water ratios are determined at which the resistance of medium of the resulting suspension is at least ten times higher than that of the initial, polymer-free suspension, and then the components are reacted with each other in the pre-determined ratios.

Process for the preparation of clay mineral-containing gels with

The invention relates to a process for stabilizing an aqueous gel-forming system comprising one or more water-soluble acrylic monomer as gellifying agent, methylenebis-acrylamide co-monomer and/or one or more mono- or bivalent aldehyde as cross-linking agent, a redox catalyst system containing an alkali metal and/or ammonium persulfate as oxidizing component along with one or more amine compound as reducing component, furthermore optionally one or more water-soluble polymer for adjusting the viscosity of the solution and/or modifying the gel structure. According to the invention said gel-forming system is stabilized by saturating it with molecular oxygen. The invention relates further to a process for improving the strength and impermeability of particulate materials and/or solid articles. According to the invention an aqueous gel-forming system, stabilized as discussed above, is applied into or onto the article to be treated or into the surroundings thereof, and oxygen saturation of the gel-forming system is suspended at an appropriate time.

Process for stabilizing aqueous solutions used in the preparation of

The instant invention is particularly useful for using low-grade carbonaceous material to form aluminum-trichloride. Aluminous material and the carbonaceous material are comminuted either separately or together, and then the aluminous and carbonaceous materials are either compacted or mixed with a binder to form a doughlike paste. The compacting or mixing with the binder to form the dough-like paste is to insure that the particulate aluminous and carbonaceous materials have extremely close and intimate contact. The mixture is then calcined and chlorinated at an elevated temperature to form aluminum trichloride.

Process for producing aluminum trichloride

A process for the production of aluminum chloride from raw materials such as coal slate or bituminous shale is disclosed. The raw material should preferably have an ash content of at least 30% by weight, and with the aluminum content of the ash being at least 20%, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The raw material is first calcined and then chlorinated with a gaseous stream containing chlorine and carbon monoxide to form the aluminum chloride product.

Production of aluminum chloride from raw materials containing coal

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Budapest, Hungary

Tamas Szekely