Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.

Xerox Corporation

Fujifilm Business Innovation Corp.

Taketoshi Hoshizaki

Yasuo Sakaguchi

Hidemi Nukada

Fumio Ojima

Ryosaku Igarashi

Kiyokazu Mashimo

Yasuhiro Yamaguchi

Yukiko Kamijo

Takahiro Suzuki

Wataru Yamada

Hirofumi Nakamura

Masakazu Iijima

Kazuyuki Nakamura

Takuro Hoshio

Kazuhiro Koseki

Koji Bando

Masahiko Hozumi

Nan-Xing Hu

Yu Qi

Katsumi Nukada

Ah-Mee Hor

Masato Ono

Masahiro Iwasaki

Toru Ishii

Tomoo Kobayashi

Masayuki Nishikawa

Kosuke Narita

Hiroyuki Miura

Fumiaki Tambo

Kozo Oka

Kohichi Yamamoto

Yumiko Komori

Noboru Wada

Kenji Inoue

Yasuhiro Oda

Takayuki Yamashita

Takeshi Agata

Masahiko Kubo

Tomoko Suzuki

Takashi Yamada

Yusuke Watanabe

Masahiko Miyamoto

Minoru Rokutan

Kazuhiko Arai

Kazuhiko Yanagida

Tomozumi Uesaka

Kenta Shingu

Makoto Takemoto

Jiro Korenaga

Ichiro Takegawa

Yasuhiko Kinuta

Takeshi Kawai

Taketoshi Higashi

Sadao Okano

Seiji Ashiya

Akihiro Nonaka

Masanori Murase

Naoki Ohta

Mitsuhide Nakamura

Yukihiro Ishii

Nagahito Ichijo

Masahiko Hodumi

Yoshiyuki Hayashi

Shoichi Masuda

Nobuyuki Kato

Yasuhiro Niida

Takahiko Hattori

Tetsuya Ezumi

Michiko Aida

Keiko Ono

Yashuhiro Yamaguchi

Keiko Matsuki

Eiichi Iida

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes: a conductive base body and a photosensitive layer, in which an outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing resin particles, and in which a fluorine atom concentration at a surface of the outermost surface layer is 1.5 to 5.0 times a fluorine atom concentration at a depth of 1 &#x3bc;m from the surface of the outermost surface layer, or in which a number density ratio of aggregates of the fluorine-containing resin particles in a second region defined in this specification, to aggregates of he fluorine-containing resin particles in a first region defined in this specification is less than 0.95, and a ratio of an area ratio of the fluorine-containing resin particles in the second region, to an area ratio of the flourine-containing resin particles in the first region is within a range of 1&#xb1;0.1.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer disposed on the conductive substrate, wherein when time that takes for a current value to reach the maximum after beginning of application of a square wave voltage to the electrophotographic photoreceptor is Tand time that takes for the current value to reach the maximum after the beginning of the application of the square wave voltage and then decrease to one fifth of the maximum is T, Tis approximately from 3.2 to 11.0 times as large as T.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate; an undercoat layer disposed on the conductive substrate and containing a binder resin, metal oxide particles, and an electron-accepting compound having an anthraquinone structure; and a photosensitive layer disposed on the undercoat layer, wherein the reflectance RL of the undercoat layer for light having a wavelength ranging approximately from 470 nm to 510 nm is approximately from 2% to 5%.

A conductive member includes a substrate, an elastic layer on the substrate, and a surface layer on the elastic layer. The surface layer contains a resin and insulating particles. The insulating particles account for 50% or more and 70% or less of an area of a cross-section of the surface layer taken in a thickness direction.

Conductive member, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

A conductive member includes a substrate, an elastic layer formed on the substrate, and a surface layer formed on the elastic layer, wherein the surface layer has a sea-island structure that includes a sea portion at least containing a first resin and a conductive agent and island portions at least containing a second resin, the island portions have an average diameter of approximately at least 100 nm and not greater than 1/10 of the thickness of the surface layer, and the conductive agent contained in the sea portion is unevenly distributed in the vicinity of the interface of the sea portion with the island portions.

Conductive member, charging device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

A charging member includes a conductive base material and a conductive outermost layer provided on the conductive base material, wherein the conductive outermost layer has a ten-point average surface roughness Rz of 2 &#x3bc;m to 20 &#x3bc;m and contains a resin and particles in which particles having a particle diameter of 5.0 &#x3bc;m or more and a circularity of 0.8 or less are 30% by number or less with respect to the total number of particles having a particle diameter of 5.0 &#x3bc;m or more and particles having a particle diameter of less than 5.0 &#x3bc;m and a circularity of 0.8 or less are from 20% by number to 80% by number with respect to the total number of particles having a particle diameter of less than 5.0 &#x3bc;m.

Charging member, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

A charging roll includes a cylindrical base member that has a metal-containing surface, a conductive adhesive layer that includes a halogen atom-containing resin and has surface roughness Rz in a range of 0.5 &#x3bc;m to 8 &#x3bc;m on an outer peripheral surface side on the base member, and a conductive elastic layer that is disposed to be brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the conductive adhesive layer and includes a halogen atom-containing rubber.

Charging roll, charging unit, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and method of manufacturing charging roll

The present invention provides a cleaning member for an image forming apparatus, including: a shaft body; and an elastic material that is wound on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft body in a spiral shape, the elastic material satisfying the following expressions. (A1): 1&#x3c;Tb/Ta&#x3c;1.75. (A2): 0.5&#x3c;Ta&#x3c;4.0. In expressions (A1) and (A2), Ta represents a thickness of a center portion in the spiral width direction of the elastic material in millimeters, and Tb represents a thickness of both end portions in the spiral width direction of the elastic material in millimeters.

Cleaning member for image forming apparatus, charging device, unit for image forming apparatus, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

An electrostatic charging member includes a base material; and an outermost layer that contains a porous filler and a resin and has a gel fraction of at least about 50% and a surface roughness Rz in a range of about 2 &#x3bc;m to about 20 &#x3bc;m.

Electrostatic charging member, electrostatic charging device, process cartridge and image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a charging unit, an exposure unit, a development unit, and a transfer unit, wherein the image forming apparatus conducts charging, exposure, development, and transfer while moving a circumferential surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor in a predetermined direction, the image forming apparatus further comprises a controlling unit which controls a moving velocity of the circumferential surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor so that a time required for processes from charging to development is changeable, the electrophotographic photoreceptor includes an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer, and the undercoat layer includes a metal oxide particle and an acceptor compound having a group capable of reacting with the metal oxide particle.

Image-forming apparatus including an electrophotographic photoreceptor having an undercoat layer with metal oxide particles and an acceptor compound

The invention provides an image-forming apparatus, having an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a charging unit, a light-exposure unit, a development unit, a transfer unit, and a controller that controls the traveling speed of the peripheral surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor and that thus makes a period from charging to development variable, wherein: the electrophotographic photoreceptor has an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer; and the undercoat layer contains metal oxide fine particles with an acceptor compound added thereto; and an image is formed by charging, light exposure, development and transfer while causing the peripheral surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor to travel in a predetermined direction; and a process cartridge that is detachable from the image forming apparatus.

Image-forming apparatus including an electrophotographic photoreceptor having an undercoat layer

An image forming apparatus includes: an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate; a charging unit for charging the electrophotographic photoreceptor; an exposure unit for exposing the charged electrophotographic photoreceptor to light thereby forming an electrostatic latent image; a developing unit for developing the electrostatic latent image with toner thereby forming a toner image; and a transfer unit for transferring the toner image from the electrophotographic photoreceptor to a transferred image-receiving medium. The exposure unit is a multi beam exposure unit which has a surface emitting laser array and which carries out the electrostatic latent image formation by scanning the electrophotographic photoreceptor with eight or more light beams where electrophotographic photoreceptor gives a quantum efficiency of 0.3 or higher when the electrophotographic photoreceptor is charged to a charged potential absolute value of 500 V and then irradiated with a monochromatic light of the same wavelength as that of the light beams to decay the charged potential absolute value to 250 V.

Image forming apparatus including multibeam exposure unit having surface emitting laser array

The invention provides an image forming apparatus comprising at least: an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising at least a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer provided on the conductive substrate; a charging device; an exposure device; a developing device; and a transfer device, wherein the exposure device is of a multi beam exposure system which has a surface emitting laser array having two or more light-emitting elements as an exposure light source and which scan the electrophotographic photoreceptor with plural light beams thereby forming electrostatic latent image, and wherein the outermost layer in the electrophotographic photoreceptor, positioned most distant from the conductive substrate, contains a silicon-containing resin containing at least a charge transporting compound or a characteristic group derived from a charge transporting compound, and having a structure in which bonds formed by crosslinking of an O atom with neighboring Si atoms are formed three dimensionally.

Image forming apparatus

An electrophotographic photoreceptor having, between an electroconductive substrate and a photosensitive layer, an interlayer which contains fine metal oxide particles and a binder resin and which, when an electric field of 10 V/m is applied thereto at 28&deg; C. and 85% RH, has a volume resistivity of from 10 to 10 &OHgr;&middot;cm and, when an electric field of 10 V/m is applied thereto at 15&deg; C. and 15% RH, has a volume resistivity which is up to 500 times the volume resistivity thereof as measured when an electric field of 10 V/m is applied thereto at 28&deg; C. and 85% RH.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, processes for producing the same, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a bipolar charge transport layer with a hole-transporting property and an electron-transporting property, the bipolar charge transport layer containing a block copolymer or a graft copolymer, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photoreceptor. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has a high performance and a long life and can provide various properties required for a photoreceptor by forming, the bipolar charge transport layer which is excellent in hole- and electron-transporting properties, mechanical strengths, a discharge product resistance and a coating dispersion stability, and the process cartridge and the electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photoreceptor can provide a high performance and a high durability.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus using the same

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Kanagawa, Japan

Taketoshi Hoshizaki