Kyocera Document Solutions Inc.

Takatoshi Nozaki

Noriaki Sakamoto

Tomoyuki Ogawa

Yoshio Ozawa

Hiroaki Moriyama

A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner core and a shell layer covering a surface of the toner core. The toner core contains composite particles. The composite particles are particles of a composite of a releasing agent, an electrically conductive polymer, and a dopant. A ratio of an amount of the composite particles to a mass of the toner cores is at least 0.5% by mass and no greater than 15.0% by mass.

Toner, image forming apparatus, and image forming method

A toner includes a plurality of toner particles each including a core and a shell layer residing on a surface of the core. The shell layer has a plurality of cavities each exposing the core. Each of the toner particles has a distribution of surface hardness, as measured by a scanning probe microscope in a state where no external additive adheres to the toner particle, satisfying that the surface hardness is at least 1.10 times a surface hardness Ss in at least 75% and no greater than 95% by area ratio of a surface of the toner particle, where Ss denotes the surface hardness at a location where the core is exposed through any of the cavities.

Toner and method of manufacturing the same

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner particles each including a toner core and a shell layer. The shell layer contains a resin including a unit derived from a monomer of a thermosetting resin and a unit derived from a thermoplastic resin. The thermosetting resin is one or more resins selected from the group of amino resins consisting of a melamine resin, a urea resin, and a glyoxal resin. When heat and pressure are applied to a toner layer formed on a polyester film under conditions of a temperature of 140&#xb0; C. and a pressure of 7 MPa so that the toner particles are not superimposed, the toner particles of the toner layer are broken in a manner that a melt of a component of the toner core flows out from a plurality of points in an outer surface of the shell layer.

Electrostatic latent image developing toner

A toner contains a plurality of toner particles. Each of the toner particles includes a toner core containing a binder resin, a shell layer disposed over a surface of the toner core, internal particles located within the shell layer, and an external additive located on a surface of the shell layer. Each of the toner particles has 4 to 169 projections resulting from the internal particles and having a height of no less than 40 nm and no greater than 200 nm when a 1-&#x3bc;mregion of the surface of the toner particle is observed, and the projections satisfy the following equation (1){(1000/2)&#x2212;0.5}&#x2266;{(1000/2)+0.5}&#x2003;&#x2003;(1)

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Osaka, Japan

Takatoshi Nozaki