Chisso Corporation

Fujifilm Business Innovation Corp.

Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.

Hitachi, Ltd.

Takashi Inukai

Hiromichi Inoue

Shinichi Saito

Kazutoshi Miyazawa

Kanetsugu Terashima

Kouji Ohno

Hideo Sato

Kenji Furukawa

Yasuyuki Goto

Sakiko Takeuchi

Masahiro Fukui

Daisuke Noguchi

Shigeru Sugimori

Yasuaki Hashimoto

Takuro Watanabe

Keita Yamamoto

Mitsuyoshi Ichihashi

Kazuhiko Nakamura

Takao Ishiyama

Kazutsuna Sasaki

Yuji Isshiki

Tetsuya Ishibe

Atsushi Sugawara

Yutaka Saito

Shuji Sato

Akio Mukoh

Manabu Serizawa

Tomohito Nakajima

Makoto Ushioda

Yoshimasa Fujihara

Teruo Kitamura

Masato Isogai

Takeshi Shoji

Yuka Yamagishi

Shintaroo Hattori

Akitsugu Seto

Shinichi Saitoh

Kishiroo Iwasaki

Mitsuyoshi Inchihashi

Kenji Higashi

A method for producing a resin particle dispersion includes: obtaining a phase-inverted emulsion by adding a neutralizer to a resin solution prepared by dissolving a resin having an acid value in an organic solvent to thereby neutralize the resin and then adding an aqueous medium to the resulting resin solution to subject the resin to phase inversion emulsification; and removing the organic solvent from the phase-inverted emulsion. In the course of obtaining the phase-inverted emulsion, a maximum agitation power per unit mass (kg) of the resin when the resin solution containing the aqueous medium added thereto is agitated to perform the phase inversion emulsification is from 0.4 W to 20 W inclusive.

Method for producing resin particle dispersion, method for producing toner for electrostatic image development, and toner for electrostatic image development

A method for producing a resin particle dispersion includes: preparing a phase-inverted emulsion by phase inversion emulsification of a resin using an organic solvent and an aqueous medium; and removing the organic solvent from the phase-inverted emulsion contained in a distillation tank by reduced pressure distillation. During the reduced pressure distillation, the rate of pressure reduction in an environment in which the pressure inside the distillation tank is equal to or higher than vapor pressure and equal to or lower than (the vapor pressure+5 kPa) when the concentration of the organic solvent in the phase-inverted emulsion is in the range of 30% by mass or less to 1% by mass or more is from 0.01 kPa/min to 0.5 kPa/min inclusive until the pressure inside the distillation tank reaches a preset reduced pressure for the reduced pressure distillation.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes a toner particle containing a binder resin, a release agent, a divalent metal, and a trivalent metal, in which the release agent has a domain diameter of 0.5 μm or greater and 1.5 μm or less.

Electrostatic charge image developing toner, electrostatic charge image developer, and toner cartridge

A method for producing a resin particle dispersion includes: preparing a phase-inverted emulsion by phase inversion emulsification of a resin using an organic solvent and an aqueous medium; and removing the organic solvent from the phase-inverted emulsion by reduced pressure distillation. The reduced pressure distillation is performed using a reduced pressure distillation device including: a distillation tank that contains the phase-inverted emulsion; a heating unit that heats a tank wall of the distillation tank by causing a heated fluid to flow inside the heating unit; and an agitating unit disposed inside the distillation tank, the agitating unit including an agitating shaft and one or plural gutter-shaped agitation impellers that are attached to the agitating shaft, rotate to agitate the phase-inverted emulsion, and draw up the phase-inverted emulsion to form a liquid film of the phase-inverted emulsion on a heat transfer surface of the distillation tank in a portion above a liquid level of the phase-inverted emulsion. The aqueous medium is added to the phase-inverted emulsion contained in the distillation tank during the reduced pressure distillation.

Producing a resin particle dispersion using an apparatus including: two or more resin particle dispersion production lines each including an emulsification tank in which a resin is subjected to phase inversion emulsification using two or more organic solvents and an aqueous medium to obtain a phase-inverted emulsion, a distillation tank in which the organic solvents are removed from the phase-inverted emulsion by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a resin particle dispersion, and plural distillate collection tanks that collect distillates formed during the reduced pressure distillation according to respective target distillate compositions; and a reusable storage tank that collects and stores a distillate collected in at least one collection tank among the distillates collected in the plural collection tanks in each of the two or more production lines, and delivering the distillate to the emulsification tank in at least one production line to reuse the distillate for producing a phase-inverted emulsion.

An electrostatic image developing toner includes toner particles, layered compound particles, and inorganic particles. The content of titanium in the electrostatic image developing toner is 0.1 ppm or more and less than 1,500 ppm.

Electrostatic image developing toner, electrostatic image developer, toner cartridge, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method

A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image contains toner particles, layered-compound particles, and inorganic particles. The percentage Fa of layered-compound particles free from the toner particles is 5% by volume or more and 20% by volume or less.

Toner for developing electrostatic charge image, electrostatic charge image developer, toner cartridge, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method

An electrostatic charge image developer contains toner particles, layered-compound particles that are particles of a nitrogen-containing layered compound, and a resin-coated carrier that has magnetic particles and a resin layer covering the magnetic particles. The maximum height Ry of the roughness profile as defined in JIS B0601: 1994 of the surface of the resin-coated carrier is 0.01 &#x3bc;m or more and 0.20 &#x3bc;m or less.

Electrostatic charge image developer, process cartridge, image forming apparatus, and image forming method

An electrostatic image developing toner includes toner particles, layered compound particles, and inorganic particles. The proportion of irregular-shaped inorganic particles having a circularity of 0.5 or more and 0.9 or less and a size of 0.015 &#x3bc;m or more and 0.350 &#x3bc;m or less to the entire inorganic particles is 2% by number or more and 70% by number or less.

A toner for electrostatic image development includes: toner base particles containing at least a nonionic surfactant, a binder resin, and a release agent; and an external additive. The content of the nonionic surfactant is from 0.05% by mass to 1% by mass inclusive based on the total mass of the toner. The external additive contains inorganic particles having an arithmetic mean particle diameter of from 50 nm to 400 nm inclusive and an average circularity of from 0.5 to 0.8 inclusive.

Toner for electrostatic image development, electrostatic image developer, and toner cartridge

A toner for developing an electrostatic latent image that includes a crystalline polyester resin and a release agent, wherein structures in which the crystalline polyester resin contacts the release agent exist in a ruthenium-stained cross section of the toner, and if the cross-sectional area of these structures is labeled A, the cross-sectional area of lone portions of the release agent is labeled B, and the cross-sectional area of lone portions of the crystalline polyester resin is labeled C, then 40&#x2266;100&#xd7;A/(A+B+C)&#x2266;70, 10&#x2266;100&#xd7;B/(A+B+C)&#x2266;30, and 20&#x2266;100&#xd7;C/(A+B+C)&#x2266;30.

Toner for developing electrostatic latent image and method of manufacturing same, electrostatic latent image developer, cartridge, and image forming apparatus

There is provided a toner for the development of an electrostatic image having a complex viscosity &eegr;* of from 3.0&times;10,to 1.2&times;10,Pas at 160&deg; C. and a loss tangent tan &dgr; of from 0.60 to 1.60 as determined by temperature dispersion measurement method by sinusoidal oscillation method, a method for manufacturing the toner by a coaggregation fusion composite method, developer, and an image forming method.

Toner for the development of electrostatic image, process for the preparation thereof, electrostatic image developer, and process for the formation of image

A novel optically active liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are provided, which compound is expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl or alkoxy of 4-18 C; R.sub.2 is alkyl, alkoxy, acyl or alkoxymethyl of 4-18C; but either one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 is an optically active group; either one of X.sub.1 or X.sub.2 is halogen atom and the other is H; m and n each are 0 or 1 and m+n is 0 or 1.

Halogen-containing, optically active liquid crystal compound and liquid

An optically active compound exhibiting high speed response properties when used as a component of liquid crystal materials used in a liquid crystal display mode utilizing ferroelectricity, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound are provided, which compound is expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents alkyl, alkoxy or alkoxycarbonyl each of 2 to 18 C, R.sup.2 represents alkyl of 3 to 18 C or alkoxy of 1 to 18 C and A represents a member selected from a group of two directly bonded six-membered rings having a halogen atom, cyano group, methyl group or trifluoromethyl group attached thereonto and * represents an unsymmetric carbon atom.

.alpha.-substituted-propionic acid esters

Novel compounds characterized by increased spontaneous polarization values as one of the important specific features required for ferroelectric liquid crystal compositions, a liquid crystal composition containing the same, and an optical switching element utilizing the composition as a liquid crystal. The compounds are expressed by the formula (I) or (I') ##STR1##

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Kanagawa, Japan

Takashi Inukai