Eisai Company, Limited

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Eisai R&d Management Co., Ltd.

Takashi Inoue

Richard S Clark

Masanobu Shinoda

Isao Yamatsu

Tetsuya Kawahara

Manabu Murakami

Hitoshi Harada

Fumiyoshi Matsuura

Kazuto Yamazaki

Eita Emori

Shunji Kasai

Hideki Yoshitomi

Sadakazu Miyashita

Taro Hihara

Naoyuki Shimomura

Shinya Abe

Takeshi Suzuki

Hiroyuki Yoshimura

Shuhei Miyazawa

Shigeki Hibi

Seiichi Kobayashi

Katsuya Tagami

Yasushi Okamoto

Takashi Yamanaka

Kenzo Muramoto

Koukichi Harada

Osamu Asano

Kazuo Okano

Kiyoshi Oketani

Kenichi Chiba

Nobuyuki Yasuda

Junsaku Nagaoka

Tatsuo Horizoe

Seiji Yoshikawa

Naoki Kobayashi

Ryoichi Hashida

Toru Horie

Takashi Mori

Hirotoshi Numata

Kenichi Kusube

Kaya Ohashi

Yorihisa Hoshino

Hiroshi Shirota

Shigeto Negi

Kenji Hayashi

Nobuhisa Watanabe

Tsutomu Kawata

Toshihiko Naito

Toshikazu Shimizu

Isao Tanaka

Naoki Ozeki

Hiroe Minami

Toyokazu Haga

Hiroshi Akamatsu

Kaya Nagata

Hirsohi Shirota

This method includes optimizing, by a gradient descent method, a first parameter used in back propagation processing and associated with XPM and a second parameter used in the back propagation processing and associated with SPM and XPM, wherein the back propagation processing is processing to estimate a waveform at a time of transmission by alternately calculating linear terms and nonlinear terms in a nonlinear Schrödinger equation after receiving an optical signal whose waveform shape changed in a transmission line and digitizing a waveform of the received optical signal, and correct, for each channel of plural channels in the transmission line at a time of wavelength-division multiplexing transmission, waveform distortion caused by SPM that occurs in the channel and waveform distortion caused by XPM that occurs in relation with channels other than the channel; and executing the back propagation processing by using the optimized first and second parameters.

Method and apparatus for correcting optical waveform distortion and optical signal receiving apparatus

A carrier recovery unit is provided including: separation-and-output section that outputs separated symbol group formed into block; a priori state-estimation section that obtains a priori estimate acquired by estimating values processed this time from among values of intra-block frequency and central phase processed last time; provisional compensation section that provisionally compensates the phase of each separated symbol based on the a priori estimation phase; decision section that performs decision based on the reference signal for the symbol before decision, and obtains symbol after decision; error-estimation section that calculates the frequency and phase errors; a posteriori state-estimation section that obtains a posteriori estimate based on the frequency and phase errors; actual compensation section that actually compensates the phase based on the a posteriori estimation phase; and feedback processing section that feeds back the a posteriori estimate as the values processed last time to the a priori state estimation section.

Received signal processing device, communication system, and received signal processing method

The present invention provides novel carboxylic acid derivatives useful as an insulin sensitizer, a salt thereof or a hydrate of them, and a medicament comprising the derivative as the active ingredient. Specifically, it provides a carboxylic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I): (wherein Y, L, X, T, Z, U, M and W are defined in the specification) and a salt thereof, and ester thereof or a hydrate of them.

Carboxylic acid derivative, a salt thereof or an ester of them, and medicament comprising it

Carboxylic acid compound or salt or hydrate thereof useful as insulin sensitizer, represented by the formula wherein Rrepresents hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogen, carboxyl, or Calkyl, L represents single bond or C-alkylene, C-alkenylene, or C-alkynylene, M represents single bond or C-alkylene, C-alkenylene, or C-alkynylene, T represents single bond, or C-alkylene, C-alkenylene, or C-alkynylene, W represents carboxyl, represents single bond, X represents single bond, oxygen, &#x2014;NRCQO&#x2014;, &#x2014;OCQNR&#x2014;, &#x2014;CQNRO&#x2014;, ONRCQ&#x2014;, &#x2014;QSO&#x2014;, or &#x2014;SOQ&#x2014;, Y represents 5- to 14-membered aromatic group, and ring Z represents 5- to 14-membered aromatic group.

Carboxylic acid derivative and salt thereof

The present invention provides a novel compound having an excellent PPAR agonist action. More specifically, it provides a compound represented by the following formula, a salt thereof, an ester thereof or a hydrate of them. Wherein a, b and c are the same as or different from one another and each represents 0 to 4; Rto Rare the same as or different from one another and each represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, etc.; represents a single bond or a double bond;

Cyclic compound and PPAR agonist

The present invention provides a novel carboxylic acid derivative, a salt thereof or a hydrate of them which is useful as an insulin sensitizer, and a medicament comprising the derivative as the effective ingredient. More specifically, it provides a carboxylic acid compound represented by the formula (I), a salt thereof or a hydrate of them. In the formula, Ar represents a 6- to 14-membered aromatic ring group which may have at least one substituent; R, R, R, R, R, R, Rand Rare the same as or different from each other and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a Calkyl group or a Calkoxy group; X represents an oxygen atom or a methylene group; Y represents a group represented by the formula (II) or (III): (wherein Z represents a group represented by the formula (IV): (wherein R, R, Rand Rare the same as or different from each other and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a Calkyl group or a Calkoxy group)); m is 0 or 1; and n is 0 or 1.

Carboxylic acids

The present invention provides a medicament comprising a benzene compound useful as an insulin sensitizer, a salt thereof or a hydrate of them and a derivative of them as the active ingredient. Specifically, it provides a benzene compound represented by the following formula, a salt thereof or a hydrate of them. In the formula, X represents 1) a Caryl group which may have one or more substituents or 2) a 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl group which may have one or more substituents; Y represents a group represented by the formula: (in the above formulae, R, Rand Rare the same as or different from one another and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a Calkyl group, a Calkoxy group, or a Ccycloalkyl group) etc.; Z represents a group represented by the formula: (in the formula, m represents an integer of 0 to 2; R, Rand Rare the same as or different from one another and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a Calkyl group, a Calkoxy group, a Ccycloalkyl group, a halogenated Calkyl group, a halogenated Calkoxy group etc.); and R, R, Rand Rare the same as or different from one another and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a Calkyl group, a Calkoxy group, a Ccycloalkyl group etc.

Benzene compound and salt thereof

The present invention provides a preventive or therapeutic agent of a new type for diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications on the basis of an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action. A purine compound represented by the formula (I), its pharmacologically acceptable salt or hydrates thereof has an adenosine A2 receptor antagonistic action and is useful for prevention or therapy of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications. In addition, adenosine A2 receptor antagonists having different structures from those of the compounds described above, for example KW6002, are also effective for prevention or therapy of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications. In the formula, W is &#x2014;CHCH&#x2014;, or &#x2014;CH&#x2550;CH&#x2014; or &#x2014;C&#x2261;C&#x2014;; Ris:(in the formula, X is hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, etc.; and Rand Rare the same as or different from each other and each represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, etc.) and the like; Ris an amino group, etc. which maybe substituted with a lower alkyl group, etc.; Ris a cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, etc.; and Ris a lower alkyl group etc.

Purine derivatives and adenosine A2 receptor antagonists serving as preventives/remedies for diabetes

The present invention provides a preventive or therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications, which is a new type based on an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action. That is, it provides a novel condensed imidazole compound which has an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action, is effective for preventing or treating diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications, and is represented by the formula (I);(wherein Rrepresents e.g. an amino group which may be substituted with an alkyl group; Rrepresents e.g. hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkynyl group which may be substituted with hydrox etc.; Rrepresents e.g. an optionally substituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, pyridinone group, pyrimidinone group or piperadinone group; Ar represents e.g. an optionally substituted aryl or heteroaryl group; and Q and W are the same as or different from each other and each represents N or CH), a pharmacologically acceptable salt or hydrates thereof.

Condensed imidazole compounds and a therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus

A benzothiazole derivative or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof of the following formula, as defined in the claims, which is useful as a preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases on which functions of suppressing leukotrienes and thromboxanes production are effective: ##STR1##

Benzothiazole compounds which are substituted by pyridymethyl

A benzothiazole derivative or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof which is useful as a preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases on which functions of suppressing leukotrienes and thromboxanes production are effective. A benzothiazole derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1##

Pyridyl substituted benzothiazole compounds which have useful

Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group;

Naphthalene derivatives

A benzothiazole derivative or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof which is useful as a preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases on which functions of suppressing leukotrienes and thromboxanes production are effective. A benzothiazole derivative represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are either the same or different and represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group; R.sup.4 represents a group represented by the formula --(CH.sub.x)--.sub.q wherein q is a integer of from 1 to 4;

Growing community of inventors

Ibaraki, Japan

Takashi Inoue