Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Takashi Anezaki

Masato Tanaka

Harunobu Ogaki

Kazuhisa Shida

Atsushi Fujii

Kazunori Noguchi

Taichi Sato

Atsushi Okuda

Kenichi Kaku

Daisuke Miura

Shio Murai

Hiroyuki Tomono

Yota Ito

Hirofumi Kumoi

Akihiro Maruyama

Jumpei Kuno

Masashi Nishi

Haruyuki Tsuji

Takeshi Murakami

Kazumichi Sugiyama

Kunihiko Sekido

Masataka Kawahara

Tatsuya Yamaai

Hirotoshi Uesugi

Tsutomu Nishida

Nobuhiro Nakamura

Kaname Watariguchi

Hideaki Matsuoka

Hideharu Shimozawa

Shoma Hinata

Yuki Yamamoto

Masahiro Watanabe

Akira Shimada

Shuntaro Watanabe

Toshihiro Kikuchi

Akio Maruyama

Atsushi Ochi

Hiroyuki Watanabe

Hiroki Uematsu

Takayuki Sumida

Tomohito Taniguchi

Kohei Makisumi

Takehiko Aoyama

Atsushi Uematsu

Noboru Miyagawa

Akio Koganei

Kyoichi Teramoto

The present disclosure provides a photoelectric conversion element including a first electrode, a second electrode, a photoelectric conversion layerbetween the first electrodeand the second electrode, and a reflection layerbetween one of the first electrodeand the second electrodeand the photoelectric conversion layer. The wavelength at which the reflectance of the reflection layeris maximum in the visible region is within the range of wavelengths in which the optical absorption coefficient of the photoelectric conversion layeris ⅕ or more of the maximum optical absorption coefficient in the visible region.

Photoelectric conversion element and photoelectric conversion device including the photoelectric conversion element

An electrophotographic photosensitive member, which is suppressed in occurrence of fogging and is excellent in abrasion resistance. In the electrophotographic photosensitive member, an outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a polymerized product of a composition comprising at least a polyrotaxane and a monomer having a polymerizable reactive group, and a chain molecule of the polyrotaxane has two blocking groups at both terminals thereof, and a (meth)acryloyloxy group of a cyclic molecule of the polyrotaxane forms a bond.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a photosensitive layer on the support, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a surface layer comprising a polymerization product of a composition containing polyrotaxane and a charge transporting substance, and the polymerization product including a bond between the polyrotaxane and the charge transporting substance.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes, in sequence, a support, a conductive layer, an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer. The conductive layer is a cured film, and the cured film contains titanium oxide particles doped with niobium. The undercoat layer contains a cured product of a composition that contains an electron transport material having a polymerizable functional group and a resin functionalized with a carboxylic acid derivative.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

There is provided an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can achieve both of an adequately high initial sensitivity as the electrophotographic photosensitive member and reduction in the fluctuation of a light portion potential at the time of repeated use. An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, an electroconductive layer and a photosensitive layer in this order, wherein the electroconductive layer contains a binder material and a metal oxide particle; the metal oxide particle has a core material containing a titanium oxide, and a covering layer which covers the core material and contains the titanium oxide; and when the oxygen deficiency ratio of the metal oxide particle is represented by A, the oxygen deficiency ratio of the core material is represented by B, and the oxygen deficiency ratio of the covering layer is represented by C, the Expressions (1) and (2) are satisfied: A&#x2264;2% (1) and 10&#xd7;B&#x3c;C (2).

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus

Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member that can achieve both of the suppression of a fluctuation in potential of the photosensitive member at the time of its repeated use, and the prevention of the occurrence of a black spot-like image defect at high levels. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes in this order: a support; an intermediate layer; and a photosensitive layer, the intermediate layer containing particles each containing titanium oxide, and the particles having a mass increase ratio of 0.005% or more when heated under a nitrogen atmosphere from 300&#xb0; C. to 900&#xb0; C.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support member, an electroconductive layer, and a photosensitive layer, in this order. The electroconductive layer contains a binder resin, electrically conductive first metal oxide particles, and second metal oxide particles. The refractive index Rb of the binder resin, the refractive index Rc of the first metal oxide particles, and the refractive index Rh of the second metal oxide particles satisfy the relationships: |Rb&#x2212;Rc|&#x2264;0.35 and |Rb&#x2212;Rh|&#x2265;0.65. The electroconductive layer has a volume resistivity of 1.0&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm to 1.0&#xd7;10&#x3a9;&#xb7;cm, and the ratio of the specific gravity of the first metal oxide particles to the specific gravity of the second metal oxide particles is 0.85 to 1.20.

Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member capable of achieving both high leak resistance and reduction in variations in dark part potential and bright part potential due to repeated use even when CB is used for an electrically conductive layer. An electrophotographic photosensitive member including: a support, an electrically conductive layer, and a photosensitive layer, sequentially, wherein the electrically conductive layer contains a binder resin and carbon black, a number average primary particle diameter of the carbon black is 200 nm or more and 500 nm or less, an average inter-particle distance of the carbon black is 200 nm or more and 600 nm or less, a coefficient of variation of an inter-particle distance is 1.2 or less, and SF-1 of the carbon black is 150 or less.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support member, an electroconductive layer, and a photosensitive layer in this order. The electroconductive layer contains a binder and particles. Each of the particles include a core made of a substance represented by general formula (1), and a coating layer coating the core and containing an electrically conductive material:MMO&#x2003;&#x2003;(1)wherein Mrepresents an element selected from the group consisting of Sr, Li, Na, K, and Ba, and Mrepresents an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Nb, Ta, and Zr.

Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member which can simultaneously achieve less occurrence of leakage and the definition of an output image even when being an electrophotographic photosensitive member where a layer containing a metal oxide particle is adopted as an electroconductive layer, and which includes a support, an electroconductive layer and a photosensitive layer in this order, wherein the electroconductive layer contains a binder material and a particle represented by general formula (1):TiON&#x2003;&#x2003;(1)wherein Ti represents a titanium atom, O represents an oxygen atom, N represents a nitrogen atom and 0.00&#x3c;Y&#x3c;X&#x2264;0.60 is satisfied.

Disclosed herein is an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which leakage hardly occurs even in the case of using a layer containing metal oxide particles as an electrically conductive layer in the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and which is compatible with definition in output images, the electrophotographic photosensitive member sequentially including: a support, an electrically conductive layer, and a photosensitive layer, the electrically conductive layer containing a binder material and particles represented by General Formula (1).NbON&#x2003;&#x2003;(1)(In Formula (1), Nb is a niobium atom, O is an oxygen atom, N is a nitrogen atom, and 0.00&#x3c;Y&#x3c;X&#x2264;4.00).

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support member, an electroconductive layer, and photosensitive layer in this order. The electroconductive layer contains a binder and particles. The particles have a core containing titanium oxide, and a coating layer coating the core and containing titanium oxide doped with niobium or tantalum.

An electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer in this order, the charge transport layer containing a charge transport material. The charge transport layer is a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and contains a polycarbonate resin having a structural unit selected from group A and a structural unit selected from group B.  

Electrophotographic photosensitive member, method for manufacturing electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus

A process cartridge includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a gap retaining member, where the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a first region having an undercoat layer, a charge generating layer, and a charge transporting layer on a support in this order and a second region having an undercoat layer and a charge transporting layer on a support in this order, the undercoat layer contains a metal oxide particle and any one of an urethane resin, an amino resin, and a polyamide resin as a binder resin, and the charge transporting layer contains a charge transporting substance and at least one selected from the group consisting of a polycarbonate resin and a polyester resin, and where the gap retaining member comes into contact with a surface of the second region of the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Provided is an electrophotographic apparatus, including an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a charging unit arranged in a non-abutment manner with respect to the electrophotographic photosensitive member, a cleaning unit or a developing unit arranged in abutment against the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a transferring unit.

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Hiratsuka, Japan

Takashi Anezaki