Kyocera Corporation

Other

Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha

Takao Kawamura

Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.

Hosiden Electronics Co., Ltd.

Kyoto Ceramic Co., Ltd.

Kyoto Ceramic Kabushiki Kaisha

Naooki Miyamoto

Yasuo Nishiguchi

Hitoshi Takemura

Yoshiaki Ohbayashi

Hiroshi Itoh

Kokichi Ishibitsu

Tsuyoshi Nishi

Masatoshi Kimura

Hiroshi Ito

Akio Harada

Yoshikazu Nakayama

Mitsuhiro Mori

Masazumi Yoshida

Masao Konishi

Akio Yano

Koichi Sanpei

Naoya Takehara

Toru Imai

Yukio Yamamoto

Yoshio Ozawa

Mamoru Yasuda

Yukio Ikeda

Katsuhiro Yoshioka

Kazumasa Ohkawa

Akihiko Sugimura

Hideaki Iwano

Satoru Watanabe

Koji Akiyama

Hisashi Higuchi

Tomokazu Nagano

Ikue Kudo

Yoshida Masazumi

Keibun Ejima

Mutsuo Taiji

Hiroshi Noguchi

Shunsuke Tani

Hiroo Maeda

Kokichi Ishibutsu

The present invention relates to a semiconductor electret condenser microphone capable of being reduced in size and including an acoustic sensorand a casefor accommodating the acoustic sensor, the acoustic sensorhas a semiconductor chipforming necessary electronic circuitsA toC, and opening a through holeaway from the electronic circuitsA toC, an electrode layerformed on the surface of the semiconductor chipaway from the through hole, an electret memberlaminated away from part of the electrode layerand through hole, and a diaphragmprovided with a spacingto the electret member, in which the electrode layerexposed from the electret memberis connected to the electrodeof the electronic circuitA through the case(FIG.).

Manufacturing method of acoustic sensor

A heat plate for fixation includes: a metallic base plate; and a heating resistor arranged on a reverse face of the metallic base plate, the heating resistor being formed by laminating, at least, an electric insulating layer and heating resistor layer in this order on the metallic base plate, wherein the heat plate is capable of raising the temperature of the metallic base plate to a fixing temperature when the heating resistor layer is energized and heated. A semicircular heating member for fixation includes the heat plate which is curved so that the metallic base plate has a convex surface, a belt type fixing device is provided with the semicircular heating member, and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus is provided with the belt type fixing device having the semicircular heating member.

Heat plate, heating element, belt type fixing device and image forming apparatus

A heat plate for fixation comprising: a metallic base plate; and a heating resistor arranged on a reverse face of the metallic base plate, the heating resistor being formed by laminating, at least, an electric insulating layer and heating resistor layer in this order on the metallic base plate, wherein the heat plate is capable of raising the temperature of the metallic base plate to a fixing temperature when the heating resistor layer is energized and heated. A semicircular heating member for fixation comprises the heat plate which is curved so that the metallic base plate has a convex surface, a belt type fixing device is provided with the semicircular heating member, and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus is provided with the belt type fixing device comprising the semicircular heating member.

Preparations to be administered for treating or preventing ischemic diseases or arterial diseases which contain Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) as an active ingredient. The preparations provide such effect that HGF concentration in an affected region to which HGF was administered is maintained, a half-life is longer, a dose can be reduced, and other organs except the affected region are less affected in comparison with intravenous administration.

Method of treating ischemic disease by intramuscular administration of Hepatocyte growth factor

A temperature-controlled quick heat roller having an electrical resistance heater sheet provided on an inner surface of the cylinder. The electrical resistance heater is made of at least a high-temperature-coefficient resistance layer so that when the high-temperature-coefficient resistance layer is heated by an electric current, the cylinder is set to a prescribed fixing temperature. Also, the heat roller has a property in which heating electrical power drops as the temperature thereof rises.

Quick heat roller

Electrophotographic sensitive member

An electroconductive magnetic carrier which is composed of basic particles, each of the basic particles comprising a binder resin and a magnetic material dispersed in the binder resin, and an electroconductive layer formed on the surface of the basic particle, a developer which is composed of the above electroconductive magnetic carrier and (b) an electrically insulating toner, and an image formation method of forming toner images on a photoconductor by using this developer are described.

Electroconductive magnetic carrier, developer using the same and image

The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member comprising a photoconductive amorphous silicon carbide layer. An amorphous silicon layer has superior abrasion resistance, heat resistance, antipollution property, photosensitive characteristic and the like. However, an amorphous silicon layer itself has a low dark resistance, so that dopants, such as boron, are added thereto but a dark resistance of 10.sup.12 .OMEGA..multidot.cm or more required for the case where it is used as an electrophotographic sensitive member has never been obtained. The present inventors have found before that an amorphous silicon carbide layer has a large carrier-mobility and photoconductivity and its dark resistance of 10.sup.13 .OMEGA..multidot.cm or more can be easily obtained regardless of the existence of dopants and furthermore an electrophotographic sensitive member, which can be positively and negatively charged by the selection of the dopants, can be obtained. The present invention provides an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of improving the photosensitive characteristics and the like to improve electrophotographic characteristics, as desired, with an a-SiC layer as a substantial photoconductive layer and substantially without requiring a surface protective layer and a barrier layer.

The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member comprising a photoconductive layer formed of amorphous silicon carbide and an organic semiphotoconductive layer piled up. Photoconductive materials of an electrophotographic sensitive member include inorganic materials, such as Se, Se-Te, As.sub.2 Se.sub.3, ZnO, CdS and amorphous silicon, and various kinds of organic material. Of them, Se has been first used, and then also ZnO, CdS and amorphous silicon have been practically used. On the other hand, as to the organic materials, PVK--TNF has been first practically used, and then a separated function type sensitive member, in which a function of generating an electric charge and a function of transporting the electric charge are put in charge by separate materials, has been proposed. The organic materials have been remarkably developed by this separated function type sensitive member. Also an electrophotographic sensitive member, in which an organic photoconductive layer is piled on an inorganic photoconductive layer, has been proposed. For example, a sensitive member, in which an organic photoconductive layer is piled on a Se layer, was already practically used. However, this sensitive member showed disadvantages in that Se itself is harmful and the sensitivity on the side of long wavelengths is inferior. So, a built-up sensitive member comprising a photoconductive layer formed of amorphous silicon carbide and an organic photoconductive layer has been proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 56-14241. With this sensitive member, the above described problems have been eliminated to obtain characteristics such as antipollution and high photosensitivity. It has been, however, found from the measurement of the photosensitivity, surface electric potential and residual electric potential of such the electrophotographic sensitive member produced by the present inventors that satisfactory characteristics are not obtained yet and further improvements are required. The present invention has been achieved as a result of the investigation aiming at the provision of an electrophotographic sensitive member showing satisfactory characteristics, such as photosensitivity, surface electric potential and residual electric potential, in view of the above description. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of obtaining the high photosensitivity and surface electric potential and reducing the residual electric potential.

Layered electrophotographic sensitive member comprising amorphous

The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member, in particular to an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of enhancing a photosensitivity on both a short wavelength side and a long wavelength side and a charge acceptance and thus suitable for a plain paper copying machine (PPC). The stabilized operation characteristics and durability have been required for an electrophotographic sensitive member drum carried on instruments such as high-speed copying machine and laser beam printer. Amorphous silicon has been watched with interest for this requirement in view of superior abrasion resistance, heat resistance, antipollution property, photosensitivity characteristic and the like. However, such the amorphous silicon photosensitive member shows the higher photosensitivity on the long wavelength side. Accordingly, in the case where this photosensitive member is carried on the plain paper copying machine with a white light, such as halogen lamp, as a light source, a problem occurs in that it is inferior in reproducibility for a wavelength zone near to red color. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of solving such the problem, in particular an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of enhancing the photosensitivity on both the long wave-length side and the short wavelength side and the charge acceptance by forming a photoconductive a-Si layer and a photoconductive a-Sic layer in layers and setting an atomic ratio of carbon and a thickness of the a-SiC layer as well as a content of elements of the group IIIa and/or the group Va in the periodic table in the a-SiC layer within the respective appointed ranges, whereby exhibiting the superior photosensitivity without using an infrared wavelength light-cutting filter and thus being suitable for the plain paper copying machine.

The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member, in particular to a divided function type electrophotographic sensitive member formed of amorphous silicon and amorphous silicon carbide capable of particularly widening an optical band gap range to heighten an optical sensitivity. Stabilized operation characteristics and durability are required for an electrophotographic sensitive member drum carried on instruments such as a high-speed copying machine and a laser beam printer. As for these requirements, hydrogenized amorphous silicon is being watched with interest from the viewpoints of superior abrasion resistance, heat resistance, anti-pollution property, optical sensitive characteristic and the like. However, even multi-layer type sensitive member and a divided function type sensitive member, which have been known as an electrophotographic sensitive member formed of hydrogenized amorphous silicon, have shown problems in that in the case where they are used in the high-speed copying, a residual image, in which the preceding image remains without being completely removed by an optical memory effect and appears again with the formation of the subsequent image, occurs, and an image exposure per one time of copying is reduced by the high-speediness, whereby the sufficient optical attenuation can not be obtained and the potentiality of the sensitive member corresponding to a shading contrast of a manuscript can not be sufficiently increased, so that a background smearing is produced. The present invention aims at the obtainment of an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of solving such problems and provides an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of heightening an optical sensitivity over a wide wavelength range to obtain sufficient optical attenuation characteristics, whereby being suitable for the high-speed copying.

The present invention relates to an electrophotographic sensitive member, in particular to an electophotographic sensitive member, in which a residual potential is reduced and a background smearing is prevented from being produced, and further to an electrophotographic sensitive member capable of carrying out a high-speed copying suitable for a semiconductor laser beam printer. A photosensitive member used in instruments, such as super-high-speed coying machine and laser beam printer, is used for a long time at a high-speed, so that the stability and durability are required for the operation. To this requirement, amorphous silicon hydride has been watched with interest in view of heat-resistance, abrasion-resistance, anti-pollution, photosensitive characteristic and the like. However, also a multi-layer type photosensitive member or a separated function type photosensitive member, which has been known as an electrophotographic sensitive member formed of this amorphous silicon hydride, has shown a problem of residual image that the preceding image is not completely removed to be remained by an optical memory effect and appears again in the formation of the following image when it is used in the high-speed copying, a problem that the oscillation wavelength of laser beam is close to a near-infrared range, so that an amorphous silicon photosensitive member on the light-receiving side is inferior in photosensitive characteristic when the amorphous silicon photosensitive member is carried on the laser beam printer, and a problem that the surface potential is reduced. The present invention aims at the obtainment of an electrophotographic sensitive member from which the above described problems are eliminated.

Electrophotographic sensitive member with amorphous silicon carbide

Growing community of inventors

Sakai, Japan

Takao Kawamura