Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba

Toshiba Materials Co., Ltd.

Takahiro Kawamoto

Masanori Tanaka

Tomohiro Suetsuna

Kazuhiro Okubo

Hiroaki Kinouchi

Kazunari Hagiwara

Yuji Kawaguchi

Jun Miura

Tomohiro Yamashita

Takashi Kuboki

Tomoko Eguchi

Takashi Mukai

Takeshi Yamamoto

Atsushi Nakamoto

Masayoshi Kato

Makoto Fukatsu

Shoko Funaki

Takayuki Tanaka

Taichi Sato

Kazuhisa Kemmochi

Naoyuki Sanada

Yasukazu Ikami

Osamu Iwasaki

Takuya Kitamura

Yasunori Chigono

Nobuo Oshima

Yoshikuni Ito

Manami Haraguchi

Hideo Kihara

Takashi Hiramatsu

Takeshi Fujino

Satoshi Tsuruya

Kenji Karashima

Yasuhiro Horiguchi

Yuki Yamamoto

Shinichi Nishida

Masao Suzuki

Minoru Nakamura

Akiko Saito

Yasuyuki Hotta

Masaya Hagiwara

Kazuyuki Sato

Takayuki Namiki

Takayuki Kanazawa

Ryo Sugiyama

Shuhei Kawasaki

Shuhei Tokiwa

Maki Okajima

Norio Takahashi

Kenji Shindo

Shohei Fukuya

An image forming apparatus includes a moving unit to move a developing roller, a driving portion to be capable of rotating the developing roller in either case where the developing roller is located in a contact position in contact with a photosensitive drum or a separated position separated from the photosensitive drum, an acquiring portion to acquire information on a rotation amount of the developing roller and a notifying portion. The acquiring portion corrects a first information, on the rotation amount of the developing roller in the contact position, to a third information by using a first correction coefficient, and corrects a second information, on the rotation amount of the developing roller in the separated position, to a fourth information by using a second correction coefficient. The notifying portion performs the notification on a lifetime of the developing roller based on the third and the fourth information.

Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a charging member, an exposure unit, a developing unit including a developer carrying member and a regulating member, a transfer member, a counting portion, a driving portion, and a controller. The controller carries out control so as to perform an image forming operation capable of forming a developer image, on the image bearing member, to be transferred onto a recording material and a non-image forming operation in which the developer image to be transferred onto the recording material is not formed on the image bearing member. Depending on each of count values in a plurality of regions acquired by the counting portion in a predetermined period, the controller controls the driving portion so as to change a rotation amount of the developer carrying member in a developing rotation operation for rotating the developer carrying member during the non-image forming operation.

A method may produce a heat regenerating material particle, including: preparing a slurry by adding a powder of the heat regenerating substance to an alginic acid aqueous solution and mixing the powder of the heat regenerating substance and the aqueous alginic acid solution; and forming a particle by gelling the slurry by dropping the slurry into a gelling solution. The gelling solution may include a metal element including calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg) beryllium (Be), strontium (Sr), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and cobalt (Co). The forming may involve controlling the gelation time so that a concentration of the metal element in a first region of the particle becomes lower than a concentration of the metal element in a second region. The second region may be closer to an outer edge of the particle compared to the first region.

Method for producing a heat regenerating material particle

A method may produce a two-stage heat regenerating cryogenic refrigerator including a vacuum vessel, first and second cylinder disposed in the vessel, the second cylinder coaxially connected to the first cylinder, and first and second regenerator respectively disposed in the first and second cylinder. The method may include: accommodating a first heat regenerating material (HRM) in the first regenerator; and filling a plurality of HRM particles in the second regenerator. The HRM particles may be a second HRM, each of the HRM particles including an oxide or oxysulfide heat regenerating substance having a maximum value of specific heat at a temperature of ≤20 K of 0.3+ J/cm·K and Ca, Mn, Mg, Be, Sr, Al, Fe, Cu, Ni, and/or Co. Each of the HRM particles may include a first and second region, the second region being closer to an HRM particle outer edge than the first region.

Method for producing a two-stage heat regenerating cryogenic refrigerator

The magnetic composite material of the embodiments is a magnetic composite material that includes a magnetic material having a plane at the surface; and a plate-shaped reinforcing material, the magnetic material having a plurality of magnetic bodies having a planar structure and having a magnetic metal phase containing at least one first element selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni), and principal surfaces; and an intercalated phase containing at least one second element selected from the group consisting of oxygen (O), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and fluorine (F). In the magnetic composite material, the principal surfaces are oriented to be approximately parallel to the plane and have the difference in coercivity on the basis of direction within the plane.

Magnetic composite material and rotating electric machine

Flaky magnetic metal particles of embodiments each have a flat surface and a magnetic metal phase containing iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and silicon (Si). An amount of Co is from 0.001 at % to 80 at % with respect to the total amount of Fe and Co. An amount of Si is from 0.001 at % to 30 at % with respect to the total amount of the magnetic metal phase. The flaky magnetic metal particles have an average thickness of from 10 nm to 100 μm. An average value of the ratio of the average length in the flat surface with respect to a thickness in each of the flaky magnetic metal particles is fromto. The flaky magnetic metal particles have the difference in coercivity on the basis of direction within the flat surface.

Plurality of flaky magnetic metal particles, pressed powder material, and rotating electric machine

A plurality of flaky magnetic metal particles have an average thickness of 10 nm to 100 μm, each of the particles having a flat surface; a magnetic metal phase containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, and Ni; and a difference in coercivity on the basis of direction within the surface, the average value of the ratio of the average length within the surface with respect to the thickness being from 5-10,000. The particles include a particle having at least one of a crack in a thickness direction having a depth equivalent to 10% or more of the thickness of the particle and a width shorter than the depth, and a crack in a direction parallel to the surface having a length equivalent to 10% or more of the thickness of the particle and a width shorter than the length.

A developer used in a developing apparatus equipped with a metal blade includes a toner base particle and external additives, the external additives including a silica particle with a particle diameter of 5 nm or more and 25 nm or less and an inorganic spacer particle with a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 150 nm or less, and an area occupancy of the silica particle on a surface of the toner base particle is 40% or more.

Developing apparatus, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

A two-stage heat regenerating cryogenic refrigerator may include: a vacuum vessel; a first and second cylinder in the vessel; the second cylinder coaxially connected to the first cylinder; a 1regenerator in the first cylinder and accommodating heat regenerating material (HRM) 1; and a second regenerator in the 2cylinder accommodating HRM 2, HRM 2 including HRM particles, each HRM particle including a metal element and a heat regenerating substance including an oxide or oxysulfide and having a maximum specific heat at &#x2264;20 K of &#x2265;0.3 J/cm&#xb7;K; each HRM particle including a 1and 2region, the 2region being closer to each HRM particle's outer edge than the 1, and the 2region having a higher metal element concentration than the 1, the 1and 2region containing the heat regenerating substance.

Two-stage heat regenerating cryogenic refrigerator

A developing device includes a frame, a cylindrical developer carrying member rotatably supported by the frame and configured to carry a developer containing toner particles, and a regulating member fixed to the frame at one end thereof and including a contact portion which contacts the developer carrying member at the other end of the regulating member and which forms a contact nip between the regulating member and the developer carrying member. When a position of the contact portion where a maximum of a pressure distribution of the contact portion to the developer carrying member with respect to a rotational direction of the developer carrying member is indicated is a reference position, the contact portion includes a first surface portion positioned upstream of the reference position and a second surface portion positioned downstream of the reference position with respect to the rotational direction.

Developing device, regulating member, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

Flaky magnetic metal particles of embodiments each have a flat surface and a magnetic metal phase containing iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and silicon (Si). An amount of Co is from 0.001 at % to 80 at % with respect to the total amount of Fe and Co. An amount of Si is from 0.001 at % to 30 at % with respect to the total amount of the magnetic metal phase. The flaky magnetic metal particles have an average thickness of from 10 nm to 100 &#x3bc;m. An average value of the ratio of the average length in the flat surface with respect to a thickness in each of the flaky magnetic metal particles is from 5 to 10,000. The flaky magnetic metal particles have the difference in coercivity on the basis of direction within the flat surface.

Provided is a plurality of flaky magnetic metal particles of embodiments, each flaky magnetic metal particle having a flat surface having either or both of a plurality of concavities and a plurality of convexities, the concavities or convexities being arranged in a first direction and each having a width of 0.1 &#x3bc;m or more, a length of 1 &#x3bc;m or more, and an aspect ratio of 2 or higher; and a magnetic metal phase containing at least one primary element selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni). The flaky magnetic metal particles have an average thickness of between 10 nm and 100 &#x3bc;m inclusive, and the average value of the ratio of the average length within the flat surface with respect to the thickness is between 5 and 10,000 inclusive.

A developing device includes a regulating member fixed to a frame at one end thereof and including a contact portion which contacts a developer carrying member. The contact portion includes a first region positioned upstream of a reference position and a second region positioned downstream of the reference position in a rotational direction of the developer carrying member. A length of the second region is longer than a length of the first region in a position corresponding to a contact nip with respect to a direction from a fixed end of the regulating member toward the other end as a free end of the regulating member, and the contact portion has a surface roughness smaller in the first region than in the second region, with the surface roughness in the second region being 20% or less of an average particle size of toner particles contained in a developer.

Provided is a plurality of flaky magnetic metal particles of the embodiments, each flaky magnetic metal particle having a flat surface provided with either or both of a plurality of concavities and a plurality of convexities arranged in a first direction, each concavity or convexity having a width of 0.1 &#x3bc;m or more, a length of 1 &#x3bc;m or more, and an aspect ratio of 2 or higher; and at least one first element selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni), the flaky magnetic metal particles having an average thickness of between 10 nm and 100 &#x3bc;m inclusive and an average aspect ratio of between 5 and 10,000 inclusive.

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Yokohama, Japan

Takahiro Kawamoto