The Dow Chemical Company

Syamalarao Evani

Frederick P Corson

Russell J Raymond

George R Killat

Robert H Lalk

Donald L Schmidt

Gene D Rose

Michael S Paquette

Kent S Dennis

Ronald L Yates

Mark D Newsham

Andrew J Strandjord

Thomas L Staples

William A Foster

Kenneth L Snyder, Jr

Leigh B Bangs

James H Oswald

K Van Phung

Carole K Tuttle

Brent T Polak

Kien Van Phung

Mary R Thomas

Dennis McKeever

Ionic copolymers exhibiting uniform, gel-free solution viscosity and a controllable melt viscosity and hot melt tension are prepared by copolymerizing in an oil phase a nonionic monomer such as styrene or an alkylacrylate with an ionic monomer such as zinc dodecyl maleate or didodecyldimethylammonium p-styrene sulfonate.

Homogenous copolymerization of non-polar monomers with ionic amphiphilic

An article and method for its perparation is disclosed wherein the article comprises a substrate having at least one planar surface on which is disposed a thermally decomposable metallo-organic compound in active association with a photosensitive dye. The article can be easily processed with, for example, a source of energy such as a laser beam to encode information or produce electroconductive lines.

Dye-enhanced deposition of elemental metals and metalloids on substrates

Ionic copolymers exhibiting uniform, gel-free solution viscosity aned a controllable melt viscosity and hot melt tension are prepared by copolymerizing in an oil phase a nonionic monomer such as styrene or an alkylacrylate with an ionic monomer such as zinc dodecyl maleate or didodecyldimethylammonium p-styrene sulfonate.

Homogeneous copolymerization of non-polar monomers with ionic

A hydrophobe associative composition of an ethylenically unsaturated, water-soluble monomer such as acrylamide and an ethylenically unsaturated amphiphilic monomer such as dodecyl poly(oxyethylene).sub.10 methacrylate which is particularly effective for increasing the viscosity of brines or other aqueous media contaning salts or other electrolytes. Such copolymers are therefor useful in mobility control fluids and fracturing fluids for enhanced oil recovery and as drag reduction agents.

Hydrophobie associative composition containing a polymer of a

An aqueous liquid medium having increased low shear viscosity and utility as a mobility control agent in enhanced oil recovery is provided by dispersing into the aqueous medium (1) a hydrophilic/hydrophobic polymer having hydrophobic groups, e.g., an acrylamide/dodecyl methacrylate copolymer, and (2) a water-dispersible surfactant, e.g., dodecyl polyethyleneoxy glycol monoether.

Enhanced oil recovery process using a hydrophobic associative

The invention comprises a composition comprising at least one compound defined by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or a group ##STR2## wherein G is a divalent hydrocarbyl-linking group and J, D, E and F are hereinafter defined; wherein J and E independently are divalent linking groups selected from ##STR3## wherein R' is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; D is a divalent hydrocarbyl group which lends hydrophobicity to the compound; and F is a monovalent hydrocarbyl group which lends hydrophilicity to the compound. Such compositions are useful as comonomers with water-soluble monomers such as acrylamide and acrylic acid which form water-dispersible thickening agents which are resistant to shear degradation and heat and have a broad range of salt tolerance. Aqueous solutions thickened with such copolymers are useful in enhanced oil recovery processes as fluid mobility control agents, as fracturing fluids and drilling muds as well as hydraulic fluids and lubricants in many applications.

Amphiphilic monomer and hydrophobe associative composition containing a

Substantially oil-free aqueous industrial fluids possess superior lubricating and wear preventing characteristics and are useful as hydraulic fluids and metalworking compositions. Fluids of the invention comprise (1) an aqueous liquid and (2) a water-soluble synthetic addition copolymer of a poly-2-oxazoline or a poly-2-oxazine. The industrial fluids exhibit good Newtonian behavior and mechanical stability at high shear.

Water-based hydraulic fluids comprising poly-oxazines or poly-oxazolines

Water absorbent compositions comprise a water swellable polymer which contains polymerized water-soluble monomers, water-insoluble monomers having a pendant hydrophobic moiety, and optionally, a crosslinking monomer. The polymer can be blended with a colloidal support such as colloidal silica. The compositions exhibit good water absorbency rates and high gel strengths.

Material for absorbing aqueous fluids

The rheology of aqueous liquids is effectively controlled by the addition to the liquid of a water-dispersible BAB triblock polymer wherein the B blocks are hydrophobic blocks such as alkyl or sulfonated poly(t-butylstyrene) and the A block is a hydrophilic block such as sulfonated poly(vinyltoluene).

Triblock polymers of the BAB type having hydrophobic association

An aqueous liquid medium having increased low shear viscosity as provided by dispersing into the aqueous medium (1) a water-soluble polymer having pendant hydrophobic groups, e.g., an acrylamide dodecyl acrylate copolymer, and (2) a water-dispersible surfactant, e.g., sodium oleate, or dodecyl polyethyleneoxy glycol monoether. The thickened aqueous medium is suitably emloyed in applications requiring viscous liquids which retain their viscosity when subjected to shear, heat or high electrolyte (salt) concentrations. Such applications include uses in enhanced oil recovery processes, as fluid mobility control agents, fracturing fluids and drilling muds, as well as hydraulic fluids and lubricants in many applications.

Water-dispersible hydrophobic thickening agent

A non-woven flexible web having enhanced wet strength and easy disposability is prepared by adhering the fibrous elements of the web with a polymer of an unsaturated acid and an unsaturated water-insoluble monomer in a ratio wherein the polymer is insoluble at lower pH values and soluble at higher pH values.

Easily disposable non-woven products having high wet strength at acid pH

Low molecular weight polymers of an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer (e.g., maleic anhydride) and a copolymerizable monomer (e.g., styrene) are prepared by an improved process which comprises polymerizing the monomers in the presence of the hydroxide or a nucleophilic salt of a monovalent cation (e.g., a nucleophilic salt or the hydroxide of the ammonium cation, a quaternary ammonium compound, a protonated primary, secondary or tertiary amine, a sulfonium compound, a phosphonium compound or an alkali metal cation). By the practice of this process, low molecular weight polymers are conveniently and economically obtained without the use of high catalyst concentrations, high temperatures, conventional chain transfer agents, high boiling chain transfer solvents or combinations thereof.

Process for the preparation of low molecular weight anhydride

Properties of fibrous materials, e.g., wet and dry strength of paper, are significantly improved by incorporating a cationic polyether into a fibrous material such as pulp. The polyether bears ammonium salt groups exemplified by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are individually hydrogen, hydrocarbyl such as alkyl, hydroxyhydrocarbyl, or hydrocarbylamino; E is individually ##STR2## or E and R.sub.1 are collectively ##STR3## wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sub.3 is hydroxyl, halogen, hydrogen or hydrocarbyl, R.sub.4 is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl; and A.sup..crclbar. is an anion of an ammonium salt. Such polyethers also function as retention aids for sizing agents and dyes and as antistatic agents.

Quaternary ammonium salts of epihalohydrin polymers as additives for

Low molecular weight polymers of an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer (e.g., maleic anhydride) and a copolymerizable monomer (e.g., styrene) are prepared by an improved process which comprises polymerizing the monomers in the presence of the hydroxide or a nucleophilic salt of a monovalent cation (e.g., a nucleophilic salt or the hydroxide of an ammonium compound or of an alkali metal). By the practice of this process, low molecular weight polymers are conveniently and economically obtained without the use of high catalyst concentrations, high temperatures, conventional chain transfer agents, high boiling chain transfer solvents or combinations thereof.

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Midland, MI, United States of America

Syamalarao Evani