Westinghouse Electric Corporation

Susan Wood

Gunes M Ecer

Luciano C Scala

James M Pope

Wolfgang J Choyke

Don E Harrison

Jan J Schreurs

Melvin P Zussman

Leslie A Doggrell

Janet S Lauer

Disclosed is a method of making a printed circuit board by exposing in a circuit pattern the polymeric surface of a conductive substrate coated with a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyimides, polyamide-imides, polyester-amide-imides, polysulfones, polyphenylene sulfides, and polyphenylene oxides, to an ion beam at an energy of about 50 KeV to about 2 MeV and a fluence of about 10.sup.15 to 10.sup.18 ions/cm.sup.2. The surface is then wet blasted and the portions of the polymeric surface that have been exposed to the ion beam are electrolessly plated with a metal such as nickel or copper. Also disclosed is a coated substrate comprising a metal or conductive surface and an imide polymeric coating on the surface which can be electrophoretically deposited, a portion of which has been exposed to an ion beam.

Metal core printed circuit boards

The present invention pertains to steel articles having improved wear and friction properties and the method of producing these articles. A steel surface containing relatively high levels of nitrogen and having a surface film containing carbon is implanted with high energy ions. Overlapping layers enriched in carbon and nitrogen are formed beneath the surface and provide the steel with a surface that has improved wear and friction characteristics.

Wear resistant steel articles with carbon, oxygen and nitrogen implanted

Disclosed is a method of immobilizing nuclear waste in glass. A composition is prepared of 60 to 100% of a hydrolyzed glass-forming silicon compound and up to about 40% of a glass-forming aluminum compound. About 1 to about 50% liquid nuclear waste and up to about 10% solid nuclear waste is mixed into the composition. The composition is heated at about 200.degree. to about 500.degree. C. to drive off water and organics, with the resulting vitreous product totally containing the nuclear waste. Finally, this product can be sintered at about 800.degree. to about 900.degree. C. to reduce porosity, or warm pressed into block form.

Containing nuclear waste via chemical polymerization

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Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

Susan Wood