Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Sumesh Chandra Upadhyay

Pushpito Kumar Ghosh

Vadakke Puthoor Mohandas

Mahesh Ramniklal Gandhi

Rahul Jasvantrai Sanghavi

Sanjiv Kumar Mishra

Anupama Vijaykumar Shrivastav

Sandhya Chandrika Prasad Mishra

Babulal Rebary

Imran Pancha

Maheshkumar Ramniklal Gandhi

Hari Chand Bajaj

Jatin Rameshchandra Chunawala

Pratyush Maiti

Rajesh Shantilal Somani

Haresh Mahipatlal Mody

Subarna Maiti

Gadde Ramachandraiah

Sreekumaran Thampy

Harshad R Brahmbhatt

Rachapudi Badari Narayana Prasad

Parimal Paul

Vinod Kumar Shahi

Subbarayappa Adimurthy

Babulal Surabhai Makwana

Sanjit Kanjilal

Sandhya Chandrikaprasad Mishra

Krushnadevsinh Sukhdevsingh Zala

Subama Maiti

Bhumi Shethia

Deepti Jain

Arup Ghosh

Vinod Boricha

Krushnadevsingh Sukhdevsinh Zala

Doongar Ram Chaudhary

Gangadharan Dyal

Ramesh Dudabhai Maru

Neelam Ondhiya

Kiritkumar Mangaldas Popat

Pritpal Singh Anand

Ramkrishna Sen

Ruma Pal

Divesh Narayan Srivastava

Girdhar Joshi

Paresh Ukabhai Patoliya

Manoj Kunjabihari Agrawal

Harshad Brahmbhatt

Sourish Bhattacharya

Chetan Paliwal

Rahul Kumar Maurya

Abhishek Sahu

Krushnadevsinh Zala

Tonmoy Ghosh

Shailesh Kumar Patidar

Hetal Bosamiya

The present invention relates to natural crude salt formulations arid their cost-effective preparation. In particular, the invention discloses the fractionation of seawater into three fractions which can thereafter be suitably combined to reconstitute seawater in its pristine form for its various applications such as growth of marine microbes, flora and fauna in a marine environment, especially where such environments have to be created in locations far removed from the sea and/or where there is a requirement to modify the composition of seawater to better its performance. The fractions can also be blended appropriately to exclude the major constituent, namely sodium chloride, and thereby be useful for mineralization/re-mineralization of waters which are deficient in mineral nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulphate and bicarbonate including rain water and desalinated waters obtained through thermal/RO desalination. The invention can be practiced most cost-effectively in solar salt works operated on sea brine.

Process for the preparation of natural salt formulations for seawater substitution, mineral fortification

A method of producing soda ash and ammonium sulphate by recycling by-products of Merseberg and Solvay processes includes treating brine with soda ash distiller waste for desulphatation of the brine to obtain gypsum, recovering pure salt from the desulphated brine and utilizing it in manufacture of soda ash in a Solvay process, washing the gypsum and reacting it with liquor ammonia and carbon dioxide to obtain CaCOand ammonium sulphate, separating the CaCOfrom the ammonium sulphate solution and recovering solid ammonium sulphate, washing the CaCOfollowed by calcination to generate COand lime, recycling the COin the Solvay process to obtain soda ash, recycling the lime with ammonium chloride generated in the Solvay process to recover ammonia and obtain distiller waste containing CaClas a by-product, recycling the by-product distiller waste for the desulphatation of the brine, and recycling the ammonia recovered.

Method of recycling of by-products for the production of soda ash and ammonium sulphate

The invention discloses an improvement over the existing process of producing solar salt of high purity from seawater and minimizes the need for downstream purification. More particularly, the invention teaches the practical utility of recrystallization of salt in solar salt pans using seawater itself as the dissolving medium. The resultant recrystallized salt is obtained with a yield up to 80% and with much reduced levels of impurities. Special mention is made of the bromide level which is reduced 7-10 fold. The invention is most ideal for trace impurities which reside in the salt crystal lattice and are difficult to dislodge by conventional methods adopted for salt purification and where conventional recrystallization would be cost ineffective and scalability would pose a problem. The invention can be practiced by solar salt works based on seawater and where spare land is available to set up additional crystallizers required for the purpose of recrystallization.

Production of high purity salt with reduced levels of impurities

The present invention provides a simpler and more energy efficient process for the preparation of fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel) from sun dried whole seed capsules ofintegrated with value addition of seed shells, deoiled cake and crude glycerol co-product stream. More specifically, the invention relates to a method of dispensing with the need for excess methanol recovery through distillation, cost-effective resin treatment for the refining of methyl ester and utilization of co-streams for preparation of high density energy briquettes and Polyhydroxyalkanoate biodegradable polymer in efficient and cost-effective manner.

[object Object]

An energy efficient process for the preparation of marine microalgaefatty acid methyl ester (CME) from hydrolysate of deoiled cake of(JOCH) and crude glycerol co-product stream (GL7 and GL8) along with seawater diluted with tap water (1:2). A small part of the crude glycerol layer in case of JME is processed to recover glycerol for glycerol washing and the otherwise problematic still bottom is utilized for microbial synthesis of PHAs and the rest is utilized for Microalgal conversion of JME byproducts into CME. The remaining part of the methanol-depleted glycerol layer is utilized, along with hydrolysate of thedeoiled cake (JOCH), for single-stage Microalgal production of lipids by a marine Microalgal isolate (sp.) without the need for any other nutrients. Waste streams from the microalgal processes can be discharged directly into agricultural fields as biofertilizer or recycled back in the mass cultivation.

Growing community of inventors

Gujarat, India

Sumesh Chandra Upadhyay