Xerox Corporation

Stewart W Volkers

Terry D Seim

John S Berkes

Weizhong Zhao

Henry R Till

Constance J Thornton

Shu Chang

Paul Windsor Morehouse, Jr

Edward B Caruthers, Jr

Dexter A Dyer

Robert J Hagenbach

Rudolph Forgensi

John Chinnici

Robert H Thon

Dennis F Di Orazio

Scott W Wolff

An image development method and apparatus, wherein a support member is provided with a layer of marking material thereon, and an electrostatic latent image is created in the layer of marking material via image-wise charging of the layer of marking material. A selectively controllable charging device for directing a charge stream toward the support member having the layer of marking material coated thereon. The image-wise charge stream corresponds to the latent image, which, in turn, leads to image-wise charging of the toner layer, such that the toner layer itself becomes the latent image carrier. The latent image carrying toner layer is subsequently developed and transferred to a copy substrate to produce an output document.

Image-wise toner layer charging for image development

A process which comprises the generation of an image on an imaging member, developing the image with a liquid developer, and transferring the image to a substrate, and which substrate is coated with an acrylic, a nylon, a vinyl polymer, a wax, or a paraffin component.

Liquid electrophotographic printing processes

A liquid immersion development (LID) reproduction machine having an image forming surface that is protected against adverse heat effects. The LID reproduction machine includes an image transfer assembly, having multiple intermediate transfer members, suitable for transferring a toner developed image from the image forming surface onto a copy substrate without adverse heat effects on the image forming surface. The image transfer assembly includes a first intermediate transfer member that is mounted along the path of movement of the image forming surface and in contact with the image forming surface. The first intermediate transfer member as mounted forms a first unheated image transfer nip with the image forming surface for cold transferring the toner developed image from the image forming surface onto the first intermediate transfer member, thereby passively protecting the image forming surface from adverse heat effects such as adverse heat effects from contact with an otherwise heated intermediate transfer member. The image transfer assembly also includes a second intermediate transfer member that is mounted spaced from the image forming surface for receiving and transferring the toner developed image from the first intermediate transfer member to a copy substrate. The second intermediate transfer member as mounted forms a second unheated image transfer nip with the first intermediate transfer member, and a heated or transfixing image transfer nip with a back up roll at a point away from the first intermediate transfer member for transferring the toner developed image onto the copysubstrate.

Liquid immersion development machine having a multiple intermediate

Disclosed is a liquid developers comprised of a mixture of high and low vapor pressure fluids, and wherein there is enabled with such developers in embodiments excellent fixing characteristics especially when the developed image is transferred from an intermediate substrate to the final substrate, such as paper. In embodiments of the present invention there is provided developers and processes for achieving high fix wherein the developers contains a high vapor pressure fluid, such as an Isopar, like ISOPAR L.RTM., and a low vapor pressure fluid, such as NORPAR 15.RTM., SUPURLA NF5.RTM., and the like, and which low vapor pressure fluid is substantially odorless. The high vapor pressure fluid in embodiments is removed by heat once the developer is transferred to the intermediate substrate, and the low vapor pressure fluid remains with the developer when the developed image is transfixed, that is transferred, fixed and heated simultaneously, to a supporting substrate like paper.

Method for developing an latent image with liquid developer having a

Magnetically-responsive electrostatographic nickel carrier particles having semi-conductive and lower triboelectric charging properties are prepared by heat treating nickel particles in an ambient atmosphere as to provide the carrier particles with an oxide coating. More particularly, commercially available nickel particles are placed in a furnace and the particles are heat treated at a temperature of between about 600.degree. C. and about 1,000.degree. C. for a period of time of between about 5 and 10 minutes. When employed with finely-divided toner particles to develop electrostatic latent images in a magnetic-brush development apparatus, the treated carriers have been found to alleviate shorting problems and to provide developed images having lower background densities and higher resolution than prior carrier materials.

Semi-conductive nickel carrier particles

A blender for blending a mixture of flowable materials, such as the carrier and toner components of a developer for an electrostatic processor, comprises a rotatable chamber having radially angulated passageways extending through its periphery for guiding the materials into and out of the chamber. The passageways are open, but the mixture tends to at least temporally dwell in the chamber and is, therefore, subjected to a tumbling action, because the radial angulation of the passageways exceeds the angle of repose of the mixture. Continuous and discontinuous blenders embodying these principles are disclosed.

Blending chamber for electrostatic processors

In an electrostatic copying apparatus, background toner particle removal is enhanced by employing a corona emission device between a development station and a background toner removal station. The corona emissions are such as to substantially reduce the background residual potential on a photoconductor and ensure that all background particles on the photoconductor are of a polarity opposite to the polarity of the charge on the latent image whereby toner particles may be more easily removed from the photoconductor surface.

Method for enhancing removal of background toner particles

A blender for blending a mixture of flowable materials, such as the carrier and toner components of a developer for an electrostatic processor, comprises a rotatable chamber having radially angulated passageways extending through its periphery for guiding the materials into and out of the chamber and internal axially angulated plates for cross-mixing the materials. The passageways are open, but the mixture tends to at least temporally dwell in the chamber and is, therefore, subject to a tumbling action, because the radial angulation of the passageways exceeds the angle of repose of the mixture. The internal plates impart an axial component to the movement of the tumbling mixture to provide cross-mixing of the materials.

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Williamson, NY, United States of America

Stewart W Volkers