Ciena Corporation

Steven W Cornelius

William J Leimkuehler, Jr

David Mandel

Robert Corwin

David J Corn

Drew H Carlton

Christopher Terella

Chris Hile

Victor Mizrahi

Loudon Thomas Blair

Donald J Miller

Kevin S Meagher

Boris Kershteyn

Prasad Dasika

John H Brownlee

Steffen D Koehler

Paul Gancitano

Todd Appleton

An apparatus and method are used to deliver an electrical current to, through or across gingival tissues of a mouth in order to achieve a number of therapeutic, prophylactic, cosmetic, and or regenerative benefits. These benefits include killing or modifying oral microbes, increasing oral vasodilation, reducing oral biofilm, improving oral blood circulation, reversing oral bone resorption, promoting oral osteogenesis, treating gum recession, and fostering gingival regeneration. Other benefits include the treatment of gingivitis, periodontitis, and oral malodor, and other systemic diseases correlated with oral pathogens. Use of systems and methods according to the present invention may effectively tighten epithelial contact with one or more teeth (e.g., by the junctional epithelium and/or the sulcular epithelium) and/or cause a tightening of the oral epithelium, thereby improving an appearance of a human smile.

Systems and methods related to intraoral electrical stimulation

Oral stimulator

Intraoral stimulator

DQPSK modulator control is provided using a single monitor photodiode with a selectively injected dither tone. The dither tone signal is sequentially injected into arm modulators and/or to a modulator driver port in time slots. A tapped signal at the output of the modulator is monitored synchronously with injected dither (I arm, Q arm, or phase modulator in third slot). The recovered dither output from a single photodiode is processed in the same sequence as the dither injection to adjust the bias to the optimal point: I-arm at the null point, Q-arm at the null point, and phase modulator at the quadrature point. This technique can be used for any control where the rate of change of the monitored condition due to systemic or environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, aging, etc.) is slow enough to allow time slot dither injection, monitor, and control.

Systems and methods for DQPSK modulator control using selectively inserted dither tone

A receiver node includes an optical amplifier optically coupled to the input of a receiving device such as a PIN photodiode. A controller inputs received power level values from the receiver to perform gain control. The input signal of an optical receiving device is pre-amplified by an optical amplifier such that the amplified signal is within a dynamic range of the receiving device. Upon the occurrence of a LOS (loss of signal) event, the controller sets the gain to a Home Gain value. Thus, when the signal is reestablished, a strong signal will not be over amplified and damage the receiver. Gain control is reestablished when the LOS event is over. Various methods are used to declare LOS including comparing the received power level or commanded pump power against a threshold. The LOS declaration may also be received from an external device or service channel.

Optical pre-amplifier apparatus and method for receiver performing gain control according to LOS declaration

An optical amplifier is added to the input of a photodetector to perform optical pre-amplification of an input optical signal before it is converted to an electrical signal by the photodetector. A controller utilizes a received power level to control a pump power level of a pump injecting pumping light into the optical amplifier. The pump power level is controlled in order to control the optical gain of the optical amplifier. The received power level may be measured by a receiving device that includes the photodetector and a power measuring device. The pump output power level may also be fed back to the controller to monitor the pump. A dual pass EDFA may be used as the optical amplifier and coupled to a selector to save space and reduce noise.

Gain controlled optically pre-amplified receiver apparatus and method

A receiver node includes an optical amplifier optically coupled to the input of a receiving device such as a PIN photodiode. A controller inputs received power level values from the receiver to perform gain control. The input signal of an optical receiving device is pre-amplified by an optical amplifier such that the amplified signal is within a dynamic range of the receiving device. Windows are utilized to trigger the gain control algorithm such that when the received power level is inside a first window the gain control is turned off. When the received power level is outside the second window, the gain control is turned on. Additional windows may be used to adjust the rate of gain change. The rate of gain change is decreased as the magnitude of the difference between the current received power level and the target received power level decreases. Pump power levels may be fed back to the controller such that a soft limit may be imposed on to limit he maximum pump power and thereby prevent receiver damage.

Optical pre-amplifier apparatus and method for receiver performing windowed and gain change rate control

A method for monitoring a plurality of components associated with a communications network node. A diagnostic service signal is generated at an intra-node component and transmitted along a first optical path to another intra-node component where the presence or absence of the signal is detected. In this manner, optical paths defined between intra-nodal components can be monitored using a diagnostic service signal.

Intra-node diagnostic signal

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Dunwoody, GA, United States of America

Steven W Cornelius