Xerox Corporation

Steven M Malachowski

Chieh-Min Cheng

Eric David Godshall

Joo T Chung

Eric Joseph Young

Shigeng Li

Vincenzo G Marcello

Amy Avolia Grillo

Brian Joseph Marion

Shigang S Qiu

Tie Hwee Ng

Peter Van Nguyen

Jay Lee Schneider

Linda S Schriever

Pinyen Lin

Karen Ann Moffat

Yuhua Tong

Grazyna E Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz

Yulin Wang

Zhen Lai

Eugene Frederick Young

Peter J Schmitt

John L Pawlak

Christopher David Blair

Yanjia Zuo

Melanie Lynn Davis

David R Kurceba

Christopher M Wolfe

Mark A Jackson

Kevin F Marcell

Fa-Gung Fan

Zhaoyang Ou

Abdisamed Sheik-Qasim

Dennis A Mattison, Jr

Matthew M Storey

Edmund T Varga

Randy Pheav Tin

Philip J Dale

Daniel Mcdougall Mcneil

Ryan Accetta

Linda Jan

Jim Lee Pearson

Michael P Dugan

Phil Dale

Matthew W Croteau

David R Earle

Roger B B Keeble

Harold R Judd

Munir Salman

Dennis A Mattison

Ryan J Accetta

Disclosed is a method, apparatus and system of drying wet toner particles which includes the use of cooling fluid. The method also includes introducing a heated drying gas into a toner drying chamber to create a circulating flow of drying gas.

Method, apparatus and system for fluid cooling of toner dryer

Processes for continuously coalescing particles from an aggregated particle slurry are disclosed. The aggregated particle slurry is heated, then coalesced by raising the pH. The coalesced particles are homogenized and exit as a coalesced particle slurry. A multi-screw extruder is used for the coalescing. These processes are useful for providing coalesced particles such as toner compositions.

Continuous coalescence processes

A method for removing volatile organic compounds (VOC's) from toner slurries is described, including the isolated toner particles generated by that method.

Sparged toner

In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a continuous process for rounding conventional toner particles includes forming a conventional toner particle slurry by mixing a dispersant and/or a liquid with dry toner particles, heating the conventional toner particle slurry to a first temperature beyond its glass transition temperature to form a coalesced toner particle slurry, quenching the coalesced toner particle slurry to a second temperature below the glass transition temperature after a residence time has elapsed, and recovering the quenched particle slurry at an outlet wherein the circularity of the conventional toner particles in the quenched toner particle slurry is from approximately 0.940 to 0.999 and the time frame for the heating, quenching and recovering steps is less than 20 minutes. An apparatus for practicing the novel continuous coalescence of toner particles, includes an inlet passage, a first heat exchanger coupled to the inlet passage, a residence time coil coupled to the first heat exchanger, a cooling device coupled to the residence time coil; and an outlet passage coupled to the cooling device.

System and method for conventional particle rounding utilizing continuous emulsion-aggregation (EA) technology

A process for making a latex emulsion where distillation occurs at an elevated temperature is used to make resin particles with a conditioned surface which can be used to make magenta toner with increased efficiency.

Magenta toner

A process for making a crystalline latex emulsion suitable for use in toner using phase invention emulsification (PIE) where solvent is reused is presented.

Crystalline polyester latex production by solvent reuse phase inversion emulsification

A process for attaching additives onto toner particles using plasma is described.

Additive attachment on toner particles by plasma

A process includes dissolving a polyester resin in an organic solvent to form a solution, the polyester resin has a latex-destabilizing cation, removing substantially all of the latex-destabilizing cation, neutralizing the solution of the polyester resin, adding a sufficient amount of water to the neutralized solution form an emulsion, and removing a portion of the organic solvent from the emulsion to form a latex of the polyester resin.

Process to prepare polyester phase inversion latexes

A process includes adding a particulate toner additive to toner particles to form a slurry, filtering the slurry to form a filter cake, the particulate toner additive functioning as a filtration aid, and washing the filter cake, after the washing step the toner particles have a portion of the particulate toner additive adhered thereto, and de-agglomerating/drying the toner particles with the additive, after the drying step the toner particles have a portion of the particulate toner additive adhered thereto.

Toner particle processing

A continuous process for making a pigment dispersion includes continuously feeding a pigment into a feed section of a screw extruder at a controlled rate, continuously feeding a surfactant into the feed section of the screw extruder at a controlled rate, continuously feeding water downstream of the feed section to emulsify the pigment and the surfactant, forming a water-in-pigment dispersion, continuously feeding additional water downstream of the previously fed water to cause a phase inversion of the water-in-pigment dispersion, forming a pigment-in-water dispersion, continuously homogenizing the pigment-in-water dispersion in the screw extruder to create a homogenous aqueous pigment dispersion and collecting the homogenous aqueous pigment dispersion from an exit section of the screw extruder.

Method of continuously forming an aqueous colorant dispersion using a screw extruder

A toner composition that includes at least one low molecular weight amorphous polyester resin, at least one high molecular weight amorphous polyester resin, at least one crystalline polyester resin, at least one wax, at least one biocide and at least one colorant, and wherein the toner composition has a minimum fusing temperature of from about 100&#xb0; C. to about 125&#xb0; C.

Emulsion aggregation toner composition

A process for making particles is provided. In embodiments, a suitable process includes a mixing tank for mixing a plurality of particles dispersed within a liquid media and a vane unit for applying a swirling effect to the plurality of droplets received from the mixing tank through a spray nozzle. The vane unit is in operable communication with a spray nozzle for launching a plurality of droplets, the plurality of droplets including different combinations of the plurality of particles. The process further includes a plurality of outlet ports, where each of a first set of outlet ports includes a filter and of the other outlet port is filterless.

Method and apparatus of rapid continuous process to produce chemical toner and nano-composite particles

A method of making toner particles, includes: mixing a latex emulsion, a colorant emulsion, an optional was emulsion, and optional additives in a first reactor to form a slurry; discharging the slurry from the first reactor to a second reactor through a homogenizer; heating the slurry in the second reactor to form aggregated particles in said slurry; discharging the aggregated particles and slurry from the second reactor to a third reactor; heating the aggregated particles and slurry in the third reactor to coalesce the aggregated particles into toner particles; discharging the toner particles and slurry from the third reactor to a fourth reactor; cooling the toner particles; optionally classifying said toner particles to remove coarse particles; and optionally washing and drying said toner particles, wherein the first reactor, second reactor, third reactor, and fourth reactor are at least two different reactors.

Toner preparation processes

Herein is disclosed a process for producing emulsion aggregation toner including (i) adding a base to an emulsion aggregation toner to increase the pH of the toner to from about 7 to about 12; (ii) sieving and filtering the toner; (iii) washing the toner with an enzyme selected from the group consisting of carboxylic ester hydrolase and sulfuric ester hydrolase; (iv) filtering the toner; (v) washing the toner with reverse osmosis or deionized water; and (vi) adding an acid to reduce the pH of the toner to from about 3 to about 8.

Processes for producing toner by treatment with enzyme

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East Rochester, NY, United States of America

Steven M Malachowski