University of California

The United States of America as Represented by the United States

The United States of America as Represented by the Department of Energy

Stephen Edward Derenzo

Edith D Bourret-Courchesne

Gregory A Bizarri

Stephen M Hanrahan

Gautam Gundiah

Mattias K Klintenberg

Ramesh B Borade

William W Moses

Marvin J Weber

Zewu Yan

Andrew Canning

Yetta D Porter-Chapman

Anurag Chaudhry

Jie Wang

Thomas F Budinger

Scott Edward Taylor

Floyd J James

Jia-Qing Wang, Legal Representative

Anurag Chaudry

Edith Bourret

Shameka Parms

Latoria K Wiggins

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to neutron detection and gamma ray detection. In one aspect, a detector comprises a scintillator structure that comprises an organic scintillator and an inorganic scintillator. The organic scintillator is in the form of one or more elements of a specified length. The inorganic scintillator is in the form of one or more elements of the specified length. First ends of the one or more organic scintillator elements and first ends of the one or more inorganic scintillator elements define a first surface. Second ends of the one or more organic scintillator elements and second ends of the one or more inorganic scintillator elements define a second surface.

Triple-mode detector for fast neutrons, slow neutrons, and gamma ray spectroscopy

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising an optionally lanthanide-doped cesium barium halide, useful for detecting nuclear material.

Lanthanide doped cesium barium halide scintillators

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising an optionally lanthanide-doped barium mixed halide, useful for detecting nuclear material.

Lanthanide doped barium mixed halide scintillators

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising an alkali metal hafnate, optionally cerium-doped, having the formula AHfO:Ce; wherein A is an alkali metal having a valence of 1, such as Li or Na; and the molar percent of cerium is 0% to 100%. The alkali metal hafnate are scintillators and produce a bright luminescence upon irradiation by a suitable radiation.

Alkali metal hafnium oxide scintillators

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising a gadolinium halide, optionally cerium-doped, having the formula AGdX:Ce; wherein A is nothing, an alkali metal, such as Li or Na, or an alkali earth metal, such as Ba; X is F, Br, Cl, or I; n is an integer from 1 to 2; m is an integer from 4 to 7; and the molar percent of cerium is 0% to 100%. The gadolinium halides or alkali earth metal gadolinium halides are scintillators and produce a bright luminescence upon irradiation by a suitable radiation.

Alkali metal and alkali earth metal gadolinium halide scintillators

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising a lanthanide-doped strontium barium mixed halide useful for detecting nuclear material.

Lanthanide doped strontium barium mixed halide scintillators

An embodiment of a liquid chromatography detection unit includes a fluid channel and a radiation detector. The radiation detector is operable to image a distribution of a radiolabeled compound as the distribution travels along the fluid channel. An embodiment of a liquid chromatography system includes an injector, a separation column, and a radiation detector. The injector is operable to inject a sample that includes a radiolabeled compound into a solvent stream. The position sensitive radiation detector is operable to image a distribution of the radiolabeled compound as the distribution travels along a fluid channel. An embodiment of a method of liquid chromatography includes injecting a sample that comprises radiolabeled compounds into a solvent. The radiolabeled compounds are then separated. A position sensitive radiation detector is employed to image distributions of the radiolabeled compounds as the radiolabeled compounds travel along a fluid channel.

Liquid chromatography detection unit, system, and method

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising an optionally lanthanide-doped strontium-barium, optionally cesium, halide, useful for detecting nuclear material.

Lanthanide doped strontium-barium cesium halide scintillators

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising a lanthanide-doped barium phosphorous oxide useful for detecting nuclear material.

Lanthanide doped barium phosphorous oxide scintillators

Herein is described a method for identifying semiconductor radiation detector materials based on the mobility of internally generated electrons and holes. It was designed for the early stages of exploration, when samples are not available as single crystals, but as crystalline powders. Samples are confined under pressure in an electric field and the increase in current resulting from exposure to a high-intensity source of ionization current (e.g.,Co gamma rays) is measured. A pressure cell device is described herein to carry out the method. For known semiconductors, the d.c. ionization current depends on voltage according to the Hecht equation, and for known insulators the d.c. ionization current is below detection limits. This shows that the method can identify semiconductors in spite of significant carrier trapping. Using this method and pressure cell, it was determined that new materials BiOI, PbIF, BiPbOCl, BiPbOBr, BiPbOI, BiGdOCl, PbOI, and PbOIare semiconductors.

Identifying new semiconductor detector materials by D.C. ionization conductivity

The present invention relates to a system for inspection of stacked cargo containers. One embodiment of the invention generally comprises a plurality of stacked cargo containers arranged in rows or tiers, each container having a top, a bottom a first side, a second side, a front end, and a back end; a plurality of spacers arranged in rows or tiers; one or more mobile inspection devices for inspecting the cargo containers, wherein the one or more inspection devices are removeably disposed within the spacers, the inspection means configured to move through the spacers to detect radiation within the containers. The invented system can also be configured to inspect the cargo containers for a variety of other potentially hazardous materials including but not limited to explosive and chemical threats.

System for inspection of stacked cargo containers

Fast, bright inorganic scintillators at room temperature are based on radiative electron-hole recombination in direct-gap semiconductors, e.g. CdS and ZnO. The direct-gap semiconductor is codoped with two different impurity atoms to convert the semiconductor to a fast, high luminosity scintillator. The codopant scheme is based on dopant band to dopant trap recombination. One dopant provides a significant concentration of carriers of one type (electrons or holes) and the other dopant traps carriers of the other type. Examples include CdS:In,Te; CdS:In,Ag; CdS:In,Na; ZnO:Ga,P; ZnO:Ga,N; ZnO:Ga,S; and GaN:Ge,Mg.

Codoped direct-gap semiconductor scintillators

Improved radiation detectors containing lead carbonate or basic lead carbonate as the scintillator element are disclosed. Both of these scintillators have been found to provide a balance of good stopping power, high light yield and short decay constant that is superior to other known scintillator materials. The radiation detectors disclosed are favorably suited for use in general purpose detection and in medical uses.

Growing community of inventors

Pinole, CA, United States of America

Stephen Edward Derenzo