Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitaet Hannover

Dräger Safety Ag&co. Kgaa

Drager Medical Gmbh

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universitat Hannover

Drãgerwerk Ag & Co, Kgaa

Ketek Gmbh Halbleiter-und Reinraumtechnik

Drägerwerk

Gottfried Wilelm Leibniz Universitaet Hannover

Stefan Zimmermann

Ansgar Kirk

Andreas Hengstenberg

Wolfgang Bäther

Martin Lippmann

Alexander Bohnhorst

Götz Kullik

Tilman Von Blumenthal

Michael Bachmann

Bernhard Roth

Artur Chung-Che Kuo

André Ahrens

Andreas Schels

Simon Edler

Erik Bunert

Florian Herdl

Jens Langejürgen

Philipp Cochems

Dammon Ziaian

Kort Bremer

Moritz Hitzemann

Eduard Reithmeier

Manuel Stompe

Alexander Kusch

Jens LANGEJÜRGEN

In an embodiment an ionization detector includes a gate-insulator-substrate electron-emission structure (GIS-EE) configured to emit low-energy electrons, a sample chamber configured for at least one gas to be detected, the sample chamber being adjacent to the GIS-EE and a measuring unit configured to detect and/or select charged particles, wherein the charged particles are due to the emitted electrons and/or comprise the emitted electrons.

Ionization detector and detection method

The invention relates to an ion transport device which is designed to transport ions by means of an electric field. The ion transport device has an ion transport channel in which an ion transport chamber is formed. In order to generate the electric field, the ion transport device has a plurality of field generating electrodes which are arranged one behind the other along the length of the ion transport channel in order to move ions through the ion transport chamber in a transport direction. The invention additionally relates to an ion mobility spectrometer and to a mass spectrometer.

Ion transport device, ion mobility spectrometer, and mass spectrometer

The invention relates to an ion mobility spectrometer which has at least a first drift chamber and a first switchable ion gate for the controlled transfer of ions into the first drift chamber, wherein: &#x2014;the first ion gate is designed as a field switching ion gate having at least a first counter electrode and a first injection electrode; wherein&#x2014;a first ionization chamber is formed between the first counter electrode and the first injection electrode, into which first ionization chamber ions to be analyzed by ion mobility spectrometry can be fed from an ionization source. The invention also relates to an ion mobility spectrometer which has at least a first drift chamber and a first switchable ion gate for the controlled transfer of ions into the first drift chamber and a second drift chamber separated from the first drift chamber and a second switchable ion gate for the controlled transfer of ions into the second drift chamber. The invention also relates to a method for analyzing samples by ion mobility spectrometry by means of an ion mobility spectrometer, e.g. an ion mobility spectrometer of the aforementioned type, wherein by means of an ionization source ions to be analyzed are produced from the sample and are provided in an ionization chamber of the ion mobility spectrometer.

Ion mobility spectrometer and method for analyzing samples by ion mobility spectrometry

The invention relates to an ion mobility spectrometer which has at least a first drift chamber and a first switchable ion gate for the controlled transfer of ions into the first drift chamber, wherein:&#x2014;the first ion gate is designed as a field switching ion gate having at least a first counter electrode and a first injection electrode; wherein&#x2014;a first ionization chamber is formed between the first counter electrode and the first injection electrode, into which first ionization chamber ions to be analyzed by ion mobility spectrometry can be fed from an ionization source. The invention also relates to an ion mobility spectrometer which has at least a first drift chamber and a first switchable ion gate for the controlled transfer of ions into the first drift chamber and a second drift chamber separated from the first drift chamber and a second switchable ion gate for the controlled transfer of ions into the second drift chamber. The invention also relates to a method for analyzing samples by ion mobility spectrometry by means of an ion mobility spectrometer, e.g. an ion mobility spectrometer of the type mentioned above, wherein by means of an ionization source ions to be analyzed arc produced from the sample and are provided in an ionization chamber of the ion mobility spectrometer.

The invention relates to a method for operating an ion gate having a first, a second, and a third electrode which are arranged one after the other in an intended drifting direction of ions to be influenced by the ion gate, in such a way that the second electrode is arranged after the first electrode and the third electrode is arranged after the second electrode in the drift direction. The ion gate can be switched between a closed state, in which ions cannot drift through the ion gate in the intended drifting direction, and an open state, in which ions can drift through the ion gate in the intended drifting direction. This is accomplished by applying potentials that alternate over time to one or more of the electrodes. In a switching cycle of the ion gate, which comprises the open state and the closed state of the ion gate, two different closed states of the ion gate are produced. In a first closed state, the ion gate is closed by applying a first potential between the second and third electrodes. In a second closed state, the ion gate is closed by applying a second potential difference between the first and the second electrodes. Aspects of the invention also relate to a device having an ion transport region and a computer program for performing the method.

Method for operating an ion gate, device having an ion transport region, and computer program

A method and a system control a drug dosing device () for administering a drug to a patient (). The quantity (c) of the drug administered from the drug dosing device () is determined or calculated. The concentration of the drug in the gas exhaled by the patient () is measured as a first patient value (cM). A simulation calculation is carried out, in which a second patient value (cp) is calculated from the administered quantity of the drug (I), taking into account a parameter (k). A simulated first patient value (c') is calculated in the simulation calculation, taking into account the parameter (k). A comparison of the simulated first patient value (c&#x2032;) to the measured first patient value (cM) is carried out. The parameter (k) is adapted on the basis of the comparison. The calculated second patient value (cp) is used to generate a control signal (S).

Method and system for controlling a drug dosing device

The invention relates to a method for operating an ion gate having at least a first, a second, and a third electrode, which are arranged one after the other in an intended drifting direction of ions to be influenced by the ion gate, in such a way that the second electrode is arranged after the first electrode and the third electrode is arranged after the second electrode in the drifting direction, wherein the ion gate can be switched between a closed state, in which ions cannot drift through the ion gate in the intended drifting direction, and an open state, in which ions can drift through the ion gate in the intended drifting direction, by applying potentials that alternate over time to one or more of the electrodes mentioned above, wherein, in a switching cycle of the ion gate, which comprises the open state and the closed state of the ion gate, two different closed states of the ion gate are produced in that, in a first closed state, the ion gate is closed by applying a first potential difference between the second and the third electrodes and, in a second closed state, the ion gate is closed by applying a second potential difference between the first and the second electrodes. The invention further relates to a device having an ion transport region and a computer program for performing the method.

A gas analyzing device including at least one ion mobility spectrometer is provided. The gas analyzing device also includes an energy supply device interacting with a reaction chamber of the ion mobility spectrometer which is designed to manipulate the density of free reactant ions in the reaction chamber by supplying energy. A method for analyzing gas by means of a gas analyzing device according to the ion mobility spectrometry is also provided.

Gas analyzing device comprising an ion mobility spectrometer and method of using the same

A device provided for taking and continuously analyzing and monitoring breathing gas samples from defined, current phases of breathing of a patient is equipped with a breathing gas line () and with a sensor () for recognizing the current phases of breathing. A sampling line () is provided from the breathing gas line (). The sampling line () is connected to a first gas delivery device () via a sample gas loop (); with a measuring line () from the sampling line () to a sensor system () with a second gas delivery device () for the analysis of breathing gas samples; with a valve () in the sampling line () for controlling the breathing gas sample flow from defined, current phases of breathing into the sensor system () and into the sample gas loop (), and with a control unit (), which is connected at least to the gas delivery device () and to the valve (), so that a continuous volume flow of breathing gas samples can be fed to the sensor system () from the defined, current phases of breathing.

Device for taking and analyzing breathing gas samples

A process and device for metering different solutions is provided with which a high rate of repetition of drugs to be metered is possible. To accomplish the object, provisions are made for taking fluid volumes in the range of 50 nL to 50 &#x3bc;L from a fluid source () in rapid succession in time according to the time multiplex method and for introducing them into a collecting channel () without mixing.

Device and process for metering solutions

An ion mobility spectrometer is provided with at least one ionization chamber () through which analyte-containing gas can flow. A radiation source () is provided from which ionizing radiation is suitable for ionizing the analyte-containing gas at least partially, enters the ionization space (). A separation area is located behind the ionization space () in the direction of flow, into which the partially ionized gas is admitted as an ion carrier gas () and a nearly ion-free gas is admitted as a drift gas () in such a way that a flow in which predominantly ion carrier gas () flows through cross-sectional areas () and predominantly drift gas () flows through other cross-sectional areas ('), becomes established at least in the inlet area of the separation area (). The drift gas () and ion carrier gas () flow unidirectionally and the cross-sectional areas (), through which predominantly ion carrier gas () flows, are smaller in at least one dimension than the cross-sectional areas (&#x2032;), through which predominantly drift gas () flows.

Ion mobility spectrometer with parallel drift gas and ion carrier gas flows

An ion mobility spectrometer is provided including at least one ionization chamber (), which can be passed through by analyte-containing gas and at least one radiation source (), from which ionizing radiation which is suitable for at least partially ionizing the analyte-containing gas enters the ionization chamber (). At least one transition area () is provided, into which the at least partially ionized gas as ion carrier gas () and an almost ion-free gas as drift gas () can be charged in a way that, at least at the end of the transition area (), a flow is established, in which cross-sectional areas () are mainly passed through by ion carrier gas () and other cross-sectional areas (') are mainly passed through by drift gas (). At least one separation area () is provided lying in the direction of flow behind the transition area (), in which, likewise, cross-sectional areas are mainly passed through by ion carrier gas () and other cross-sectional areas are mainly passed through by drift gas (). The drift gas () and ion carrier gas () flow unidirectionally, and the cross-sectional areas () that are mainly passed through by ion carrier gas () are smaller at least in one dimension than the cross-sectional areas (&#x2032;) that are mainly passed through by drift gas ().

Ion mobility spectrometer with parallel running drift gas and ion carrier gas flows

A process device and system for measuring flow parameters in flowing gases is provided in which a device for flow-induced sound generation is in the area of the flow to be measured. A measurement of the frequency and/or the level of the sounds generated is made during the flow to be measured as acoustic parameters. A determination is made as to the flow parameters to be measured by processing the measured acoustic parameters. The process makes possible, in particular, the measurement of the volume flows during respiration near the patient.

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Burgwedel, Germany

Stefan Zimmermann