International Business Machines Corporation

Kyndryl, Inc.

Simon D Moser

Thomas Spatzier

Gerd Breiter

Isabell Schwertle

David Bruce Lindquist

John Elliott Arwe

Hoang Anh Le

Felix Dross

Narine Kokhlikyan

Marek Chodorowski

Frank Leymann

William G O'Farrell

Michael Man Behrendt

Vladimir Klicnik

Peter Gerstl

Matthias Kloppmann

Jochen M Kuester

Jana Koehler

Axel Martens

Sebastian Carbajales

Prabir Nandi

Tak Seng Chau

Friedemann Schwenkreis

Shu Xia Tan

Ruediger Schulze

Evangelos Mamas

Joerg Erdmenger

Christian Gerth

Hagen Voelzer

Werner Schuetz

Dieter Koenig

Jussi H Vanhatalo

Tareq Al-Maamari

Natalie Speiser

Enrico Regge

Michael Beck

Jan Zimbehl

Andrew Edgar

Julian Mario Skupnjak

Michael Illiger

Marc Haebich

Shane C Claussen

A method, computer program product and computer system for predicting excessive resource usage in a distributed computing environment is provided. A processor retrieves a portion of code associated with a workload in a distributed computing environment. A processor retrieves account information associated with the workload. A processor determines a likelihood that the workload is indicative of excessive resource usage based on the portion of code and the account information associated with the workload. In response to the likelihood of excessive resource usage exceeding a threshold, a processor reschedules the workload in the distributed computing environment.

Detection and handling of excessive resource usage in a distributed computing environment

A method, system, and computer program product for implementing automated serverless runtime container allocation is provided. The method includes defining a number of runtime containers and associated characteristics required for each worker node of a plurality of worker nodes for execution of a specified workload. The specified workload is dispatched to the plurality of worker nodes and a specified portion of the specified workload is assigned to each worker node. An application executing a universal runtime container that includes potential application runtimes and associated supported software versions within a layered modifiable format is generated and unused layers are removed from the universal runtime container. The specified workload is executed via the universal runtime container and a set of available universal runtime containers is refilled on an associated work node.

Serverless runtime container allocation

Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for constructing a plan for creating a cloud service. In one embodiment, a configurator receives a request for one or more services making up a cloud service, and a preliminary plan for the requested services is generated. A service provider determines that it is able to fulfill a requested service, and inserts a sub plan for fulfilling the requested service into the preliminary plan. A final plan is generated, which includes a sub plan from each service provider inserted into the preliminary plan.

Dynamic construction of cloud services

Instantiating a resource of an IT-service includes analyzing a service model of an IT-service, the service model including a node representing a resource for providing the IT-service. A resource type of the resource being indicated by the node is determined, and a resource manager being operable to instantiate the resource is identified. A resource-manager-specific API of the resource manager is identified, and at least one abstract method for instantiating the resource is overridden with a resource-manager specific method of the resource-manager-specific API. The resource-manager specific method for instantiating the resource represented by the node is executed.

Instantiating resources of an IT-service

Process model merging receives data representative of a first model that models a first process and a second model that models a second process, and determines, based on the data and a predetermined plurality of basic model manipulation operations, atomic differences in the second model relative to the first model. Compound differences are determined in the second model relative to the first model. A user is informed of the atomic differences and the compound differences. The user is allowed to select a set of the plurality of basic model manipulation operations. A modified first model is obtained by applying the selected set of basic model manipulation operations to the first model.

Process model merging

Instantiating a resource of an IT-service includes analyzing a service model of the IT-service where the service model includes a node representing a resource for providing the IT-service. The node has a generic API providing an abstract method for instantiating the resource. A determination is made whether the node is a multi-instance node representing a resource being instantiable multiple times. If so, a determination is made whether a first instance of the resource represented by the multi-instance node already exists in a runtime environment providing the IT-service. If so, a selection criteria is computed to identify and select a resource manager configured to instantiate a second instance of the resource based on collocation or anti-collocation parameters in the runtime environment. The abstract method for instantiating the second instance of the resource is overridden with a resource-manager specific method of a resource-manager-specific API specified by the selected resource manager.

Allocating an instance of a resource to an IT-service includes analyzing a service model specifying the structure of an IT-service and including nodes and resource management rules specifying the management of the node's resource. For each node, a resource type indicated by the node is determined. Resource management rules assigned to the node are also determined. The resource management rules assigned to the node are evaluated on a resource instance catalog for computing selection criteria. The selection criteria is applied on a service provider catalog for selecting a resource manager for providing an instance of the resource. An instance of the resource is created by the selected resource manager and allocated to the IT-service.

Allocating instantiated resources to an IT-service

Instantiating a resource of an IT-service includes analyzing a service model of the IT-service where the service model includes a node representing a resource for providing the IT-service. A resource type of the resource being indicated by the node is determined, and a service provider catalog is evaluated to determine a resource manager operable to instantiate the resource and an address of the resource manager. A request is sent to the address of the resource manager for a description of a resource-manager-specific API of the resource manager. Upon receipt of the requested description, at least one abstract method for instantiating the resource is overridden with a resource-manager specific method of the resource-manager-specific API, and the resource-manager specific method for instantiating the resource represented by the node is executed.

Instantiating a resource of an IT-service includes: analyzing a service model including nodes representing resources and being indicative of a resource type, each node comprising a generic API providing at least one abstract method for instantiating the resource represented by the respective node. For each node, determining the resource type indicated by the node; evaluating a service provider catalog indicative of a resource manager operable to provide a resource of a given resource type and determining an address of the resource manager; selecting a resource manager; sending a request to the address of the selected resource manager for a description of a resource-manager-specific API of the resource manager; receiving the requested description from the selected resource manager; overriding the abstract method by a resource-manager specific method of the resource-manager-specific API for instantiating the resource; and executing the overridden abstract method for instantiating the resource represented by the node.

Allocating an instance of a resource to an IT-service includes: analyzing a service model specifying the structure of an IT-service and comprising nodes and resource management rules specifying the management of said node's resource. For each node, the method includes: determining a resource type indicated by said node; determining one or more resource management rules assigned to said node; evaluating the resource management rules assigned to said node on a resource instance catalog and the determined resource type for computing selection criteria; applying the selection criteria on a service provider catalog for selecting one of the one or more resource managers, the service provider catalog being indicative of one or more of the resource managers respectively being operable to provide a resource instance of a given resource type to the IT-service; creating an instance of the resource provided by the selected resource manager; and allocating said instance to the IT-service.

In a Workflow Management System with a workflow having a sequence of activities of an underlying business process, logical wait situations occur when a given activity depends upon completion of a prerequisite preparation activity. A method for decreasing the resulting run-time delays includes: identifying a primary activity and an associated preparation activity required to be done before executing the primary activity; navigating through the process template of the underlying workflow and calculating the probability at a node of the process template that the primary activity will be reached for a current process instance; and pre-executing the preparation activity in parallel to the activity sequence if the probability exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Pre-executing workflow preparation activities based on activity probabilities and system load and capacity threshold requirements

A system and technique for allocating instances of resources to an IT-service includes a management engine operable to analyze a service model specifying a structure of an IT-service comprising nodes representing resources and being indicative of a resource type of said represented resource. Management rules specify the management of said node's resource. For each node, the engine determines the resource type indicated by said node; determines rules assigned to said node; evaluates the rules assigned to said node on a resource instance catalog and the determined resource type; applies a selection criteria on a service provider catalog for selecting a resource manager, the service provider catalog being indicative of one or more resource managers respectively being operable to provide a resource instance of a given resource type to the IT-service; create an instance of the resource provided by the selected resource manager; and allocate said instance to the IT-service.

Allocating instantiated resources to an it-service

A system for instantiating resources of an IT-service includes a management engine operable to analyze a service model of said IT-service comprising nodes representing the resources and being indicative of a resource type of said represented resources. Each node comprises a generic API not being specific to any particular resource manager and providing an abstract method for instantiating the resource represented by the respective node. For each node, determining the resource types being indicated by said node; evaluating a service provider catalog indicative of resource managers operable to provide a resource of a given resource type and determining an address of each resource manager; selecting one of the resource managers; sending a request to the address of the selected resource manager for a description of a resource-manager-specific API of said resource manager; overriding said abstract method by a resource-manager-specific method for the API; and executing the overridden abstract method.

The present invention relates to a Workflow Management System or a computer system with comparable functionality (WFMS). More particularly the invention relates to a method or means for generating a runtime compliant partner process for a given original process, wherein both processes are dedicated to interact with each other. In order to provide a method for generating a runtime compliant partner process for a given original process, which is easier understandable for a process developer, it is proposed to perform the steps of:

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Abstatt, Germany

Simon D Moser