Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

Agfa-gevaert Ag

Wolff Walsrode Ag

Siegfried Thurm

Konrad Bunge

Andreas Elschner

Klaus Sommer

Manfred Kowitz

Peter Bier

Gunter Findeis

Reimer Holm

Axel Sandquist

Rolf Wehrmann

Hans J Rosenkranz

Ralf Dujardin

Helmut Treiber

Wolfgang Koch

Berthold Fergg

Ulrich Reiners

Ingo Schinkel

Karl-Heinz Aleksander Starzewski

Lutz Schrader

Christian Leuschke

Dietrich Rathmann

Kurt-Rainer Stahlke

Manfred Fursich

Christian H&auml;ssler

Otwin Breitenstein

Hans-Ulrich H&ouml;fs

The present invention relates to silicon with a high oxygen content and, at the same time, a high density of crystal lattice dislocations, and to its production. This silicon may be used in photovoltaics. Solar cells which are based on the material according to the invention exhibit high levels of efficiency despite the high oxygen content.

Silicon with structured oxygen doping, its production and use

The invention relates to electroluminescent arrangements (layers) containing special styrenes and to their use.

Electroluminescent arrangements and their use

Thermostable, flexible polarizers having a polarizing layer of a polymer with conjugated double bondings are obtained when their surfaces are sealed by a protective layer of SiO.sub.x where x is from 1 to 2.

Thermostable polarizers

In order to improve the adhesion of coatings, especially metal coatings, to the surfaces of plastic components, the latter are pretreated in low-pressure plasma with a process gas containing sulphur hexafluoride (SF.sub.6) which is substantially free of oxygen, the plastic surfaces being kept free of fluorine deposits or inclusions during the pretreatment.

Process for pretreating surfaces of plastic items

The bonding properties of polyolefin films in composites are improved by a treatment with a low pressure plasma.

Process for the treatment of polyolefin films

This invention relates to synthetic resin bodies of thermoplastic polyarylene sulphides and/or of thermoplastic polycarbonates coated with zinc sulphide (ZnS).

Synthetic resin bodies with improved resistance to weathering

This invention relates to a process for coating moulded plastic articles of thermoplastic polycarbonates or thermoplastic polyarylene sulphides with metal oxides, to the moulded plastic articles obtainable by the process according to the invention and to their technological application for outdoor use, for example for the production of coverings or facings in the building industry.

Process for the production of plastic moulded articles with improved

A strip of exposed and developed color film is transported through a transparency measuring system. The transparency of each frame of the film strip in the three primary colors is measured at a multiplicity of regions. The transparency values are converted to density values which are processed to generate a set of data characteristic of the film strip and indicative of the color compositions of the scanned regions. The characteristic set of data and the density values for the individual regions are used to determine whether or not a respective region contains a color dominant. For each frame, the amounts of copying light in the primary colors are established from the density values of those regions which are free of color dominants and have a neutral gray color composition. The amount of copying light in each of the three primary colors is calculated so that the regions of the original having a neutral gray color composition are copied neutral gray. In order to ensure that the copying material registers the copying light in the same manner as the measuring system registers the transparency measuring light, the measuring light is filtered so as to match the spectral sensitivity of the measuring system in each primary color to the spectral sensitivity of the copying material in the same color.

Copying method and arrangement for colored originals

An exposed color film having an exposed zone is provided with color areas prior to developing the same by exposing this unexposed zone to light passing through different narrow-band filters. After developing the film, the transmissivities of each of the color areas within a pair of narrow-band ranges is measured. The measured values are compared with known values for various types of film to establish the type of the particular color film. This information is used to adjust the exposures in the different colors when the images on the color film are copied onto a photographic copying material.

Method of and an apparatus for classifying color films

A method of determining correction parameters for adjusting the amounts of light to which originals are to be exposed in a color copying operation in dependence on the composition deviations of the respective original from a calibrating original involves establishing, for each of a multitude of regions of the respective original, two characteristic values respectively representative of a relationship between the blue and green color values, on the one hand, and the red and green color values, on the other hand, averaging those of the established characteristic values the relationships of which are within a distribution range normally encountered in an image of an object on the original, forming an average from the average values, and ascertaining the magnitude and direction of the correction parameters from the difference between the average obtained from the particular original and a like average obtained from the calibrating original. The regions into which the original is subdivided are successively scanned and the scanned area of each region is only a small fraction of the total area of the respective region. The method may be performed on a single original or on a series of originals.

Method of determining correction parameters for use in light-amount

A method of determining the amounts of light in the basic colors to which an original is to be exposed during a color copying operation to obtain a copy the colors of which are matched in dependence on the image recorded on the original includes the establishment of color density difference functional correlations from values denoting the results of measurements at a multitude of regions of the film strip which includes the original in question. The correlations can then be used for determining the light amounts for most of the originals. Furthermore, the originals are evaluated for discrimination between daylight and artificial light exposures as well as for recognition of originals including color dominants and, in the latter instance, also for ascertaining whether the color dominant was caused by image-important features. The originals which have been classified as artificial light exposures or as including color dominants are treated as such, and the light amounts used for mating copies therefrom are selected differently from those applied when the originals were classified as daylight exposures or do not include color dominants. The signals attributable to detection of the color dominants may be given higher or lower weight, in dependence on the subject matter which they represent, and certain empirical or threshold values may be used to influence the light amount selecting process.

Method of and apparatus for determining the copying light amounts for

The exposed and developed frames of a color film are copied on the basis of information which is obtained by scanning the density of each frame in primary colors as well as on the basis of information which is obtained by imaging a series of gray filters having different densities onto one or more portions of the film outside of the film frames and scanning the density of the image of each filter. The information which is obtained as a result of such scanning is processed by a computer or an amplifier which controls the quantity of copying light in each of the primary colors, either by selecting the interval of exposure of each frame to light in each of the primary colors by controlling the intensity of light in each of the primary colors (if the exposure times in each of the primary colors are identical). The filters can be imaged prior to exposure of frames to scene light and/or shortly prior to development of the film in a processing laboratory. The difference between the results of scanning of filter images which are exposed prior to exposure of frames to scene light and the results of scanning of filter images exposed immediately or shortly prior to development of the film is indicative of changes in characteristics of the material of a film during the interval which elapses between the making of first and second exposures of filters.

Method and apparatus for making reproductions of color film frames

The densities of neighboring unit areas of a color photographic negative are measured in each of the primary colors and the results of measurements are compared with each other to ascertain the dimensions and boundaries of negative portions which exhibit dominant colors. Each such portion is considered in the selection of the amounts of copying light to the extent corresponding to a single unit area. The comparison is carried out by a computer which compares the results of measurements of neighboring unit areas, as considered in and at right angles to the direction of movement of the negative relative to the monitoring elements. A result of measurement is disregarded if it deviates from the result of measurement of a neighboring unit area by less than a preselected reference value which may but need not be different for each primary color.

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Meerbusch, Germany

Siegfried Thurm