Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Siegfried Billenstein

Rolf Kleber

Hans-Walter Bucking

Adolf May

Fritz J Gohlke

Herbert Stuhler

Ignaz Wimmer

Bruno Kukla

Thomas Martini

Martin Hille

Manfred Schneider

Konrad Opitz

Hubert Kruse

Lothar Jaeckel

Roland Bohm

Heinrich Bathelt

Winfried Ehrl

Hildegard Freundl

Erich Schuierer

Otto Smerz

Klaus Adrian

Johannes Macenka

Herbert Hartung

Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 denotes a group of the formula ##STR2## R.sub.2 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, R.sub.3 denotes hydrogen or methyl, n denotes a number from 5 to 100, m denotes an integer from 0 to 4 and x denotes the number of free valences of the particular R.sub.1 radical, a process for the preparation thereof, and the use thereof as fiber spin finishes.

Poly(alkoxy ether) mixed formals

A process for the preparation of fatty acid esters of short-chain primary and secondary alcohols with 1 to 5 carbon atoms by transesterification of glycerides with the said short-chain alcohols is described. In this process, a stream of the gaseous alcohol is passed through the liquid glyceride at temperatures of at least 210.degree. C. and the product mixture of gylcerol and fatty acid alkyl ester is discharged from the reaction zone with this stream and is then subjected to phase separation.

Process for the preparation of fatty acid esters of short-chain alcohols

Quaternary N-alkyl-N,N'-,N'-polyoxyalkyl-.alpha.,.omega.-diamino-alkylene fatty acid esters of the formula (1) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.30, preferably C.sub.16 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, or C.sub.8 -C.sub.30, preferably C.sub.16 -C.sub.18 -alkenyl,

Quaternary N-alkyl-N,N',N'-polyoxyalkyl-.alpha.,.omega.-diamino-alkylene

The new petroleum breakers are obtained by reacting, at 90.degree. to 160.degree. C. and at a pH value of 6 to 9, (a) an addition product which has been obtained by reacting phenol with formaldehyde or acetaldehyde in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 3 at a temperature of 50.degree. to 80.degree. C., in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, with (b) a block polymer which contains nitrogen and which has been obtained by an addition reaction in which 10 to 80 moles of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are added on, as a statistical average per nitrogen atom, the molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide being 1:0.5 to 14, to ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, polyethylenepolyamines, polypropyleneamines or mixtures thereof, the ratio being 1 to 20 moles of (a) to 1 mole of (b). They are distinguished by a high degree of effectiveness when used for separating petroleum emulsions. Products which in some cases have an even greater effect are obtained if the reaction product of (a) and (b) is propoxylated.

Petroleum emulsion-breakers containing nitrogen, and their use

The new petroleum breakers are obtained by subjecting (a) an addition reaction product which has been obtained by reacting aliphatic aldehydes with phenol in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 3:1 at temperatures of 50.degree. to 80.degree. C. in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, to a condensation reaction at 80.degree. to 150.degree. C., after prior neutralization and, if appropriate, in the presence of inert solvents, with (b) a block polymer which has been prepared by reacting polypropylene glycols having molecular weights of 1,300 to 3,000 with 20 to 100% by weight of ethylene oxide in the presence of alkaline catalysts, in a ratio of 0.5 to 4 moles of (a) to 1 mole of (b), and removing the water of the reaction which is formed, and (c) adding on 10 to 400 g of propylene oxide, relative to 100 g of condensation product, or 10 to 200 g of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a ratio of 1:0.5 to 14, relative to 100 g of condensation product, in an addition reaction, to the etherified phenol/aldehyde condensation product thus obtained. When used for separating petroleum emulsions, they effect, in particular, a high and rapid removal of salt.

Modified etherified phenol/aldehyde condensation products and their use

Liquid textile softeners composed of an aqueous solution or dispersion of compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, x and y each denote hydrogen or methyl, it being excluded, however, for x and y to denote simultaneously methyl, n is an integer of from 1 to 10, m is the integer 1 or 2, p is an integer of from 1 to 5, R.sub.2 denotes C.sub.8 -C.sub.30 alkyl and, if appropriate, other auxiliaries.

Textile softener

The new compounds consist essentially of ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymer units and oxyalkyleneated alkylphenol/aldehyde resin units, which are linked by methylene groups. They are prepared by reacting a block polymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and an oxyalkyleneated alkylphenol/aldehyde resin with formaldehyde. The new compounds constitute especially advantageous breaking agents for petroleum.

Surface-active compounds, a process for their preparation and their use

Fabric softener concentrates, which contain of from

Fabric softener concentrate

A process for the bleaching of cellulose in an alkaline peroxide bleaching bath in the presence of a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 -alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 -alkenyl or C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 -alkylaryl, n is a number of from 5 to 50, and X is ethylene or propylene; the ether chain (X-O).sub.n consisting entirely of ethoxy units or contains n/5 isopropoxy units at most.

Use of alkylpolyglycol-tert.-butyl ether as bleaching auxiliary and

A fiber preparation containing or consisting of a polyglycol ether mixed formal of the formula

Alkyl-polyglycol mixed formals as fiber preparation agents

Water-soluble surface-active esters of di- to hexa-hydric aliphatic alcohols which have been reacted with propylene oxide and/or ethylene oxide and thereafter with at least two moles of a carboxylic acid of up to 22 carbon atoms are useful for dyestuff preparations. These preparations have good flow properties even with high dyestuff concentrations and low contents of said esters and optionally other surfactants and can be used in dyeing and printing procedures, especially in printing pastes for printing transfer sheets.

Dyestuff compositions containing acylated alkoxylates of polyhydric

A fiber preparation containing or consisting of a tertiary butyl ether of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a straight-chain or branched C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or alkenyl group.

Tertiary butyl ethers as fiber preparation agents

Glycerol and aliphatic nitriles are simultaneously produced by treating liquid glycerides with gaseous ammonia at a rate of at least 200 liters of ammonia per kilogram of glyceride per hour at temperatures of from 220.degree. to 300.degree. C. in the presence of metal salts of carboxylic or sulfonic acids as catalysts and subjecting the product mixture to a phase separation into a nitrile phase and a glycerol/water phase. Preferred starting materials are vegetable and animal fats and oils.

Process for the manufacture of fatty acid nitriles and glycerol from

Fluorine-containing alkyl-sulfato-betaines of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.f is perfluoroalkyl with 3 to 16 C atoms, R.sup.1 is alkyl with 1 to 4 C atoms, R.sub.2 is alkyl with 1 to 4 C atoms, Q is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or ##STR2##

Fluorine-containing alkyl-sulfato-betaines and processes for their

Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group of 3 to 16 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl, 2-hydroxyalkyl, or R.sub.f --(CF.dbd.CH).sub.m --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --, Q is --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --, --CH.sub.2 CHR--, or --CH.sub.2 --CRR'--CH.sub.2 -- (R is lower alkyl or phenyl, R' is lower alkyl, phenyl or hydrogen), x is an integer of 2 or 3, m is an integer of 0 or 1 and p is an integer of 1 to 4, are prepared by reacting florinated amines of the formula

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Burgkirchen, Germany

Siegfried Billenstein