Digital Equipment Corporation

Ati Technologies Inc.

Shu-Shia Chow

Lin Chen

Brian M Kelleher

Sagheer Ahmad

Joe Macri

Sam Huynh

An impedance compensation circuit generates per-group pull-up impedance information and per-group pull-down impedance information to calibrate a plurality of input/output pads and dynamically updates impedance information on a per channel basis. A group refers to a group of I/O pads having similar output drive strengths in a channel. A channel refers to all I/O pads, which collectively provide a bus interface to an external device. For example, all the I/O pads interfacing with a memory module may be grouped into a channel, and address I/O pads in a channel may be arranged into a 'group.' Memory I/O pads may be grouped together into a channel since memory interface pads have input/output characteristics that may be different from those of other types of I/O pads in the chip. According to one embodiment, per-group programmable offset information provides calibration information that may be different for each group in each channel.

Dynamic impedance compensation circuit and method

A system (30) for atomic access to an I/O device with DMA includes a CPU (32) connected to a floating point processor (FPU) (34) by bus (36). The CPU (32) is connected by a system bus (38) to a random access memory (RAM) (40), a cache (42) and an interface (44) in graphics subsystem (45). The interface (44) is connected by bus (46) to graphics processor (48). In this system, graphics subsystem (45) is an I/O device, and atomic access to it is required. Command packet interface (44) to the graphics subsystem (45) transfers geometry and graphics context information from main memory (40) to the graphics subsystem (45). For such transfers, an application writes a list of commands to a physically contiguous locked-down memory buffer (47) in its own address space. Since the system (30) has DMA, the buffer (47) resides in the main memory system (40). When the buffer (47) is full, the CPU (32) tells the graphics subsystem (45), via a read from an I/O address on the graphics subsystem (45), that it should begin a transfer of the command packet. Status of the operation is returned as a result of the I/O read transaction. After initiating the command packet transfer, the graphics subsystem (45) parses the packet and executes the appropriate operations atomically.

System and method for atomic access to an input/output device with

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Los Altos, CA, United States of America

Shu-Shia Chow