Flisom Ag

Empa

Shiro Nishiwaki

Adrian Chirila

Ayodhya Nath Tiwari

David Bremaud

Patrick Bloesch

A method to fabricate thin-film photovoltaic devices including a photovoltaic Cu(In,Ga)Seor equivalent ABC absorber layer, such as an ABClayer, deposited onto a back-contact layer characterized in that the method includes at least five deposition steps, during which the pair of third and fourth steps are sequentially repeatable, in the presence of at least one C element over one or more steps. In the first step at least one B element is deposited, followed in the second by deposition of A and B elements at a deposition rate ratio A/B, in the third at a ratio A/Blower than the previous, in the fourth at a ratio A/Bhigher than the previous, and in the fifth depositing only B elements to achieve a final ratio A/B of total deposited elements.

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Dübendorf, Switzerland

Shiro Nishiwaki