Toray Industries, Inc.

Soda Aromatic Co., Ltd.

Shinzo Imamura

Akio Hasebe

Haruyo Sato

Nobuhiko Ito

Hideo Muraoka

Hideaki Takaoka

Sigeru Wada

Toshiaki Ueda

Satoru Miyata

Atsushi Niwa

Hiroyoshi Kuramoto

Ichiro Kawamoto

Minoru Nakata

Hiromi Fukuda

Ito Nobuhiko

Noriko Ito

Koji Natsume

Shinnosuke Sakai

Methods for making 2-(&ohgr;-alkoxycarbonylalkanoyl)-4-butanolide, ester of &ohgr;-hydroxy-(&ohgr;-3)-ketoaliphatic acid, and derivatives thereof

Methods for making 2-(&ohgr;-alkoxycarbonylalkanoyl)-4-butanolide and derivatives thereof, esters of &ohgr;-hydroxy-(&ohgr;-3)-ketoaliphatic acid and derivatives thereof, which are useful as a variety of synthetic raw materials and intermediates, and are prepared as intermediates in the production step of &ohgr;-hydroxyaliphatic acid being important intermediates of large cyclic lactone-based perfumes in the perfume industry.

Methods for making 2-(&ohgr;-alkoxycarbonylalkanoyl)-4-butanolide, ester of omega-hydroxy-(&ohgr;-3)-ketoaliphatic acid, and derivatives thereof

A method, with high yield and improved selectively, for making a 2-(&ohgr;-alkoxycarbonylalkanoyl)-4-butanolide and an alkaline metal salt thereof, an ester of &ohgr;-hydroxy-(&ohgr;-3)-ketoaliphatic acid as a novel compound and a derivative thereof, and a method for making the same are provided.

Processes for preparing 2-(omega-alkoxycarbonylalkanoyl)-4- butanolides omega-hydroxy-(omega-3)-keto fatty esters, and derivatives thereof

Method for producing alkyl carboxylates by multi-stage esteridication

A high concentration of DL-alanine can be supplied in a culture medium and D-alanine can be efficiently obtained with high yield for a short time by cultivating a yeast which belongs to the genus Candida, the genus Cryptococcus, the genus Hansenura or the genus Trichosporon and has an ability to assimilate L-alanine and not to assimilate substantially D-alanine in a culture medium containing substantially DL-alanine as a single carbon source and a single nitrogen source under an acidic condition. Moreover, because very little other organic by-product and organic impurity exists in the culture medium when the cultivation is completed, it becomes easy to separate and refine the D-alanine.

Method for producing D-alanine

It is possible to efficiently obtain D-(31)-tartaric acid in high yield and to supply DL-tartaric acid of high concentration to the culture medium by cultivating a microorganism which belongs to the genus Pseudomonas, Cryptococcus, Tricosporon or Klebsiella and has an ability to assimilate L-(+)-tartaric acid and does not assimilate substantially D-(-)-tartaric acid in a culture medium containing DL-tartaric acid.

Process for producing D-(31)-tartaric acid

A resolving agent for N-acetylindoline-2-carboxylic acid, comprising an optically active .alpha.-amino-.epsilon.-caprolactam gives an optically active N-acetylindoline-2-carboxylic acid in both high yield and high optical purity.

Method for preparing optically active N-acetylindoline-2-carboxylic acid

Novel indole derivatives of the general formula I can be obtained by reacting, directly or indirectly, N,N-dimethyl-3-indolemethylamine with a Schiff base of the general formula II, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is cyano or methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl or butoxycarbonyl, and .phi. is phenyl. The successive hydrolysis of the indole derivatives of the general formula I in the presence of an acid and of a base gives tryptophane.

2-Diphenylmethyleneamino-3-indolylpropionitrile and alkyl esters of

Provided are polyamides having properties which make them useful as adhesives, sizing agents, paper strength enhancers and as resins. These polyamides are prepared by heating an alpha-(N,N-disubstituted amino)-E-caprolactam, alone or in combination with one or more comonomers, in the presence of an anionic polymerization catalyst, and are characterized by a repeating unit reprsented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are each a lower alkyl group or a cyclic amine residue, and also having a relative viscosity of at leasrt 1.5.

Polyamide having --NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --CH(NRR')--CO--units

Lysine ester is produced by heating .alpha.-amino-.epsilon.-capro-lactam with an alcohol. The reaction can be accelerated by adding a small amount of water and an acid or base catalyst.

Method for producing lysine ester

There is provided an improvement in the process for the amination of bis(2-chloro-1-nitrosocyclohexane) wherein bis(2-chloro-1-nitrosocyclohexane) prepared by reacting cyclohexene with nitrosyl chloride in the presence of liquid sulfur dioxide is treated with ammonia. Sulfur dioxide contained in the nitrosation reaction mixture in the form of a slurry or solution containing bis(2-chloro-1-nitrosocyclohexane) is evaporated in the presence of an inert organic solvent, incorporated into the reaction mixture, and is substantially removed from the reaction mixture. Thereafter, the slurry or solution of bis(2-chloro-1-nitrosocyclohexane) in the inert organic solvent thus prepared is treated with ammonia.

Growing community of inventors

Aichi, Japan

Shinzo Imamura