Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Shinsuke Mochizuki

Tsuneyoshi Tominaga

Tsutomu Shimano

Kunihiko Nakamura

Kenta Kamikura

Shiro Kuroki

Sara Yoshida

Toshihiko Katakura

Akane Masumoto

Kentaro Yamawaki

Tomonori Matsunaga

Masatake Tanaka

Noriyoshi Umeda

Kenichi Nakayama

Takayuki Toyoda

Masashi Kawamura

Naoya Isono

Taiji Katsura

Koji Abe

Yasutaka Yagi

Hidekazu Fumita

Satoshi Otsuji

A toner has a toner particle that has a binder resin and a release agent, wherein when the temperature when G'=1.0&#xd7;10Pa in a dynamic viscoelastic measurement on the toner is denoted by Ta, and the glass transition temperature in a differential scanning calorimetric measurement on the toner is denoted by Tg, the Ta and the Tg satisfy the following formulas:40&#xb0; C.&#x2264;Tg&#x2264;70&#xb0; C.,60&#xb0; C.&#x2264;Ta&#x2264;90&#xb0; C., and0&#xb0; C.&#x2264;&#x2264;35&#xb0; C.; and

Toner

A toner comprising a toner particle having a binder resin, a wax and a colorant, and metal titanate fine particles having a perovskite crystal structure, wherein in cross section observation of the toner using a transmission electron microscope, when a proportion of an area occupied by the wax in a surface layer region from the surface of the toner particle to a depth of 1.0 &#x3bc;m is denoted by As, the As is from 5.0% to 30.0%, and a number average particle diameter of primary particles of the metal titanate fine particles is from 10 nm to 80 nm.

A toner comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner has a Martens hardness, as measured at a maximum load condition of 2.0&#xd7;10N, of from 200 MPa to 1,100 MPa.

Provided is a toner containing a colorant and a binder resin, wherein, in a wettability test of the toner with respect to a methanol/water mixed solvent, the methanol concentration when the transmittance of light at a wavelength of 780 nm is 50% is at least 5.0 volume % and not more than 30.0 volume %, and the interparticle force measured by rupturing a consolidation of the toner formed by compression of the toner with a load of 78.5 N is at least 1.0 nN and not more than 25.0 nN.

A toner comprising a toner particle that contains a binder resin and a release agent, wherein the toner particle has a surface layer that contains an organosilicon polymer and the luminance histogram of a backscattered electron image of the toner particle has two peak values Pand Pand a minimum value V between Pand P, Poriginates from the organosilicon polymer, and the luminance giving Pand Pare in specific ranges, percentages for Pand Pare each at least 0.50%, and using the luminance Bl at V as a reference point, specific relationships are satisfied by A, AV, and A, where Ais the total number of pixels at luminance from 0 to (Bl&#x2212;30 ), AV is the total number of pixels at luminance from (Bl&#x2212;29 ) to (Bl+29 ), and Ais the total number of pixels at luminance from (Bl+30 ) to 255.

An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a developing device, and an intermediate transfer member. The developing device includes a toner container containing a toner. The intermediate transfer member is charged to 3.0 nC/g or less in terms of absolute value at the surface thereof. The toner particles include a surface layer, and the brightness histogram of the toner particles has two local maximums Pand Pand a local minimum V between Pand P. Pis derived from an organosilicon polymer. Plies in a brightness range of 20 to 70, and Plies in a brightness range of 130 to 230. The number of pixels of Pand the number of pixels of Pare each 0.50% or more relative to the total number of pixels. The total numbers of pixels A, AV, and Aeach in a specific brightness range satisfy specific relationships.

Image forming apparatus and image forming method

A toner having a toner particle which contains a binder resin, a fatty acid metal salt, and a resin having an ionic functional group, in which the fatty acid metal salt is a fatty acid metal salt of a polyvalent metal with valency of 2 or higher and a fatty acid with carbon atom number of at least 8 and not more than 28, and the acid dissociation constant pKa of the resin having an ionic functional group is at least 6.0 and not more than 9.0.

Toner and process for producing toner

A toner includes a toner particle including a surface layer containing an organosilicon polymer. The toner particle contains a styrene acrylic resin and a block polymer that has i) a polyester segment C and a vinyl polymer segment A, the mass ratio C/A of the polyester segment C to the vinyl polymer segment A being 40/60 to 80/20, and ii) a melting point Tm of 55&#xb0; C. to 90&#xb0; C. The organosilicon polymer has a partial structure represented by Rf&#x2014;SiO.

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Yokohama, Japan

Shinsuke Mochizuki