King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology

Shamsuddeen Abdullahi Haladu

Shaikh Asrof Ali

Tawfik Abdo Saleh

Hasan Ali Al-Muallem

Cross-linked tetrapolymers made up of different diallyl zwitterionic diallyl quaternary ammonium salt monomers, with one of them functioning as a cross-linking monomer. The cross-linked terpolymers include a repeating unit with multiple ligand centers that different metal ions can bind to. The cross-linked tetrapolymers are cationic, zwitterionic and anionic, and can be in either an acidic form or a basic form. A method of removing metal ions from an aqueous solution with these cross-linked tetrapolymers is also described.

Quaternary ammonium solvated tetrapolymers and methods of removing CR(III) from solution using the tetrapolymer

Cross-linked cyclopolymeric resins from N,N-diallyl quaternary ammonium monomers and tetrallylpiperazinium cross-linking monomer or salts, solvates, tautomers or stereoisomers as adsorbent materials for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. A process for producing the cross-linked cyclopolymeric resins by Butler cyclocopolymerization of the monomers with a free radical initiator. The cross linked cyclopolymeric resins are polyzwitterionic or polyzwitterionic and dianionic and feature repeating units with multiple chelating centers that heavy metal ions can bind to. In addition, a method for removing heavy metals from aqueous solution via contacting and treatment with the cross-linked cyclopolymeric resins.

Cyclopolymeric zwitterion-dianionic resin and synthesis and uses thereof

Cross-linked diallyl quaternary ammonium salt tetrapolymers and methods thereof

A zwitterionic monomer and corresponding cyclopolymerized polyzwitterion (&#xb1;) (PZ) (i.e. poly(Z-alt-SO). Phosophonate ester hydroloysis in PZ gave a pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid (&#xb1;) (PZA). The PZA under pH-induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (&#xb1;&#x2212;) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (&#xb1;=) (PZDAN).

Process for making a polyzwitterion or polyzwitterionic acid

Process for making a poly(zwitterion/dianion)

The poly(zwitterion-alt-sulfur dioxide) copolymer includes a structural unit having the structural formula: wherein 'n' is the number of repeating units. The copolymer is made by cocyclopolymerizing 3-(N,N-diallyl,N-carboethoxymethylammonio)propanesulfonate with sulfur dioxide to obtain an intermediate polyzwitterion (PZ) copolymer, which is hydrolyzed to form the copolymer. The copolymer may be converted to a poly(electrolyte-zwitterion) by treatment with a base, such as sodium hydroxide.

Poly(zwitterion-alt-sulfur dioxide) copolymer

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The polyzwitterionic acid antiscalant is an antiscalant for use in desalination plants and the like for inhibiting CaSOand SOscale precipitation. The polyzwitterionic acid (PZA) antiscalant has the following structural formula:  In order to make the PZA antiscalant, N-carboethoxymethyl-3-(N,N-diallylamino)propanesulfonate, a zwitterionic monomer, is cyclopolymerized in aqueous solution using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) to make an intermediate polyzwitterion (PZ). Acidic hydrolysis of the ester groups of the PZ is performed to produce the PZA antiscalant. Evaluation of the antiscalant properties of the PZA antiscalant using concentrated brines revealed that the PZA antiscalant, at a concentration of 10 ppm, is very effective in inhibiting the formation of calcium sulfate scale, particularly in reverse osmosis plants.

Polyzwitterionic acid antiscalant compound

A zwitterionic monomer and corresponding cyclopolymerized polyzwitterion (&#xb1;) (PZ) containing, on each repeating unit, both phosphonate and sulfonate functionalities. Phosphonate ester hydrolysis in PZ gave a pH-responsive polyzwitterionic acid (&#xb1;) (PZA). The PZA under pH-induced transformation was converted into polyzwitterion/anion (&#xb1;&#x2212;) (PZAN) and polyzwitterion/dianion (&#xb1;=) (PZDAN).

Synthesis and antiscalant behavior of a novel polyzwitterionic acid

A symmetrically substituted cationic monomer and its corresponding cationic polyelectrolyte (CPE) (+) bearing two identical (diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl pendent groups on repeating pyrrolidinium units. Phosphonate ester hydrolysis in (CPE) (+) forms a pH-responsive cationic polyacid (CPA) (+). The (CPA) (+) is converted under pH-induced transformation into a polyzwitterion acid (&#xb1;) (PZA) or a polyzwitterion/anion (&#xb1;&#x2212;) (PZAN) or a polyzwitterion/dianion (&#xb1;=) (PZDAN) or a polyzwitterion/trianion (&#xb1;&#x2261;) (PZTAN).

Polymerization of bis[3-(diethoxyphosphoryl)propyl]diallylammonium chloride

The cross-linked polyzwitterion/anion for the removal of strontium from aqueous solutions is a polyzwitterion having the following structure: and the corresponding anion formed by treating the polyzwitterion with a base, e.g., sodium hydroxide. The cross-linked polyzwitterion/anion (CPZA) was prepared using Butler's cyclopolymerization protocol. The CPZA resin was found to have a very good adsorption capacity for Srions at low concentrations. The relatively strong rapid initial adsorption of 83% Srions was followed by slower adsorption of the remaining 17%, which was described by an intraparticle diffusion model. The adsorption followed the Lagergren second-order kinetic model, and Temkin as well as Freundlich isotherm models. The negative &#x394;Gs and &#x394;H ensured the spontaneity and the exothermic nature of the adsorption process. The excellent adsorption and desorption efficiencies implied the efficacy of the resin in removing (as well as recovering) the metal ions from aqueous solution.

Growing community of inventors

Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

Shamsuddeen Abdullahi Haladu