United States of America, as Represented by the Secretary of Agriculture

The Penn State Research Foundation

The United States of America as Represented by the Secretary of

Sevim Z Erhan

Zengshe Liu

Atanu Adhvaryu

Brajendra K Sharma

Marvin O Bagby

Kenneth Michael Doll

Kenneth Eskins

Paul D Calvert

Selim M Erhan

Glenn L Heise

Chemically-modified fatty acids prepared by reacting epoxidized fatty acids, their esters or triglyceride oils with borate compounds. The fatty acid derivatives produced are of the formula: wherein R is an H, branched or straight chain alkyl or alkenyl group, aromatic-containing group, glycerol, or glyceride, R&#x2033; is a C3 to C29 aliphatic chain comprising one or more of the derivatized methylene groups of the formula: wherein and Ris selected from aryl, and straight, branched, cyclic or heterocyclic hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons. These fatty acid derivatives have utility as antiwear/antifriction additives for industrial oils, fuels, and automotive applications.

Boron containing vegetable oil based antiwear/antifriction additive and their preparation

Fatty acid ester derivatives and a process for their production from unsaturated fatty acids are disclosed. The process comprises:

Method of making fatty acid ester derivatives

Triglyceride oils having unsaturated fatty acid substituents are modified to convert sites of unsaturation to C-2 to C-10 diesters. The resulting derivatives are characterized by thermal and oxidative stability, have low temperature performance properties and are environmentally-friendly. They have utility as hydraulic fluids, lubricants, metal working fluids and other industrial fluids. The triglyceride oils are most easily prepared via epoxidized vegetable oils which are converted to the diesters in either a one- or two-step reaction.

Chemically modified vegetable oil-based industrial fluid

Biopolymeric hydrogel precursors are prepared by means of a ring-opening polymerization of epoxidized vegetable oils, followed by chemical hydrolysis. The recovered hydrogels having properties similar to Pluronic&#xae; type surfactants would have a plurality of end-use applications, including use as food additives and pharmaceutical ingredients. This invention provides the potential for an enhanced market for vegetable oils, and particularly for soybean oil.

Soy-based thermosensitive hydrogels for controlled release systems

A novel class of chemically-modified vegetable oils is prepared by reacting epoxidized triglyceride oils with thiols. The resultant poly(hydroxy thioether) derivatives have utility as antiwear/antifriction additives for environmentally-friendly industrial oils and automotive applications.

Poly(hydroxy thioether) vegetable oil derivatives useful as lubricant additives

An edible adhesive is made by cross-linking a sugar with a polyfunctional acid. The adhesive has the property of binding two articles together for a limited period of time and then controllably releasing the adhesive bond between the articles when in contact with a liquid, such as a liquid beverage.

Sugar-based edible adhesives

Triglyceride oils having unsaturated fatty acid substituents are modified to convert sites of unsaturation to C- to C- diesters. The resulting derivatives are characterized by thermal and oxidative stability, have low temperature performance properties and are environmentally-friendly. They have utility as hydraulic fluids, lubricants, metal working fluids and other industrial fluids. The triglyceride oils are most easily prepared via epoxidized vegetable oils which are converted to the diesters in either a one- or two-step reaction.

Composite formulations useful in the production of objects by the solid freeform fabrication method comprise (A) an epoxidized drying oil (primary resin); (B) a curing agent; (C) a fibrous filler; (D) a thixotropic agent and optionally (E) a secondary resin. These composites are characterized by unique physical properties including enhanced biodegradability.

Extrusion freeform fabrication of soybean oil-based composites by direct deposition

Sheet-fed and heat-set web offset ink vehicles, which do not require any volatile organic compounds, are prepared by blending: (I) as the major component, a petroleum resin, an alkyd resin or a heat bodied oil; (II) a non-bodied vegetable oil; and (III) one or more fatty acid esters. Inks prepared from these vehicles are quick drying and meet or exceed industry standards in regard to ruboff resistance, viscosity, and tackiness.

Vegetable oil-based offset printing inks

Printing inks, which do not require any petroleum-derived component, are prepared from vegetable oils by heat bodying the oils to within a specified viscosity range. The process is easily tailored to give products having viscosity, tackiness, ruboff resistance, and color density properties which meet or exceed industry standards. The inherent light coloration of the vehicles permits formulation into colored inks having substantially reduced pigment levels.

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Peoria, IL, United States of America

Sevim Z Erhan