Produits Chimiques Ugine Kuhlmann

P C U K Produits Chimiques Ugine Kuhlmann

Atochem

Serge Y Delavarenne

Pierre Tellier

Jean-Pierre Schirmann

Jean Combroux

Bernard Dubreux

Jean P Schirmann

Lucien E Bourson

Francis Weiss

Michel Bakes

Marie-Christine Daude-Lagrave

A continuous method for the preparation of concentrated aqueous solutions of hydrazine hydrate from ketazines which are slightly soluble in water, by hydrolysis and distillation under pressure using a distillation column. The column is fed with the ketazine or ketazines and water wherein the water/azine molar ratio ranges between 5 and 7.75.

Process for the preparation of concentrated solutions of hydrazine

A continuous method for the preparation of concentrated aqueous solutions of hydrazine hydrate from concentrated aqueous solutions of acetone azine by a hydrolysis reaction and distillation under pressure in a column. The concentration of the aqueous solution of acetone azine is such that the water/azine molar ratio ranges between 3 and 7.

Preparation of concentrated aqueous solution of hydrazine hydrate

Process for cooking lignocellulosic materials by heating the said materials in a cooking solution containing caustic soda with or without an alkali metal sulphide, in which the solution used contains about 0.01% to 10%, preferably 0.05% to 2%, by weight of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9,10-anthracenediol based on the weight of the dry lignocellulosic material.

Process for cooking lignocellulosic materials intended for the

A process for the preparation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9,10-anthracene-diol, in which catalytic hydrogenation of 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydro-anthraquinone is carried out in the liquid phase to give 1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydro-9,10-anthracene-dione followed by isomerization of the latter in the presence of an acid to give 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9,10-anthracene-diol.

Process for the preparation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9,10-anthracene-diol

Process for the preparation of the mononitro derivatives substituted in positions 5 or 6 of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-anthraquinone, which comprises nitrating 1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydro-9,10-anthracene-dione by means of nitric acid or a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

Process for the preparation of the 5- and 6-nitro derivatives of

The invention disclosed provides a method for the direct expoxidation of olefins in the liquid phase by reacting the olefin with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a boron containing catalyst while continuously removing water from the reaction mixture.

Catalytic epoxidation of olefins

The invention disclosed provides a method for the direct epoxidation of olefins in the liquid phase by reacting the olefin with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a boron containing catalyst while continuously removing water from the reaction mixture.

5-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthraquinone, as a new industrial product, is disclosed together with its preparation by reduction from 5-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthraquinone.

5-Amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthraquinone and its preparation

A process is disclosed for the preparation of mononitro derivatives of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-anthraquinone from 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydro-anthraquinone, in which a thermal pretreatment of the 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydro-anthraquinone is carried out in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst in an inert atmosphere and in the absence of oxidizing or reducing agents, the anthraquinone by-produced as well as the catalyst are separated and the mixture of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9,10-anthracenediol and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-anthraquinone obtained is subjected to a nitration reaction.

Process for the preparation of mononitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthraquinones

A new industrial product, namely 1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydro-9,10-anthracene-dione, is disclosed together with a process for its preparation and its use in conventional alkali metal hydroxide cook or Kraft cook processes for the delignification of lignocellulose materials.

1,2,3,4,4a,9a-Hexahydro-9,10-anthracene-dione, its preparation and its

Percompound activators comprising .alpha.-acyloxy-N-acylacetamides having the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 are hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals optionally substituted by other groups, used to activate percompounds in oxidizing and bleaching of textile fibers, oils, fats, and waxes, for cosmetic hair and skin treatment, metal surface passivation, purification, disinfection, and sterilization, the activators providing more rapid action at a given temperature and being useful at lower temperatures.

Percompound activators

A process is described for the production of azines by contacting in the liquid phase ammonia, hydrogen peroxide and a carbonyl compound, either an aldehyde or a ketone. The reaction takes place in the presence of an amide (I) of a monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid, wherein at least one of the ionization constants is below 5 .times. 10.sup.-5, and further in the presence of an inorganic or organic catalyst (II), having the atomic structure H--X--Y.dbd.Z, H representing hydrogen, X and Z representing oxygen or nitrogen and Y representing carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, sulphur, selenium or tellurium. It is possible for X, Y or Z to carry other substituents, providing valency rules are obeyed. The process is carried out in the presence of the ammonium salt (III) of the carboxylic acid corresponding to the amide (I), at the rate of at least 0.1 mole of the ammonium salt (III) per mole of hydrogen peroxide employed.

Process for making azines

Ammonia and aldehydes or ketones are selectively oxidized by hydrogen peroxide to the corresponding azines when they are reacted in the presence of both (a) an amide of a carboxylic acid having a pK greater than about 4.3 and (b) a co-catalyst having the general formula H--X--Y=Z, wherein H is hydrogen, X and Z are each an atom of oxygen or nitrogen and Y is an atom of carbon, nitrogen, arsenic, antimony, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium or tellurium; the atoms of X, Y, and Z carrying other substituents necessary to obey the rules of valence. Preferred co-catalysts include di(alkali metal) hydrogen phosphates, lower dialkyl phosphate esters, bicarbonates and p-toluene sulfonic acid. When 1.degree. or 2.degree. amines are also present, hydrazones are also formed along with the azines. Uses of the resultant products include their hydrolysis to hydrazines with recycling of aldehyde or ketone.

Method for preparing azines and hydrazones

An oxirane compound is prepared by reacting an olefinically unsaturated compound with hydrogen peroxide in the presence both of (i) at least one lead compound, exemplarily triethyl lead hydroxide and also of (ii) at least one compound of a group IV-A, V-A or VI-A transition metal exemplarily tungsten hexacarbonyl. The epoxided products are useful in the manufacture of plastics, adhesives and the like.

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Francheville le Haut, France

Serge Y Delavarenne